不同有机肥对镉污染土壤镉形态及小麦抗性的影响

为了探讨有机肥钝化修复镉污染土壤对小麦生理抗性及小麦体内镉含量的响应,通过盆栽试验研究了不同有机肥对镉污染土壤Cd形态、小麦体内脯氨酸、丙二醛及小麦各部位镉含量的影响。结果表明:在镉污染土壤上施用有机肥后土壤可交换态Cd与碳酸盐结合态Cd含量有所下降,铁锰氧化物结合态Cd、有机结合态Cd和残留态Cd含量有所增加。施用羊粪、鸡粪的处理SH、CHSM、CMSL、CL。施用猪粪的处理PMPHPL。施用有机肥后小麦体内脯氨酸、丙二醛含量和小麦各部位Cd含量显著下降,施用羊粪、鸡粪的处理随施肥量的增加小麦体内脯氨酸、丙二醛含量和Cd含量明显降低,施用猪粪的PM处理的小麦脯氨酸、丙二醛含量和小麦根、茎、叶、籽粒中的Cd含量显著低于其他处理,其综合效果猪粪羊粪鸡粪。有机肥可通过改变污染土壤中的重金属形态而降低其生物有效性,可用于重金属污染土壤修复。     

有机肥施用对土壤铜形态的影响研究

选取以猪粪为原料的商品有机肥,通过室内培养试验,采用BCR连续萃取法,研究了不同用量、含不同Cu浓度、不同Zn浓度有机肥的施用对土壤Cu形态变化的影响。选取15,30,45 Mg/hm2 的施肥量进行对比,发现增施有机肥使土壤Cu的氧化物结合态显著减少,有机结合态显著增加,土壤中Cu的活性态含量总体减少。Cu浓度较高的有机肥施入土壤后,使土壤Cu的酸提取态和有机结合态明显增加,增强了土壤Cu的活性。土壤中Cu、Zn的交互作用体现了两种元素对土壤不同组分吸附的竞争优势,相对来说Cu与土壤有机物的亲和力更强,Zn浓度升高能置换出土壤中氧化物结合态Cu。     

三江平原白浆土中Fe、Mn、Cu和Zn生物有效性的研究

在三江平原上,测定 42 个小区中玉米、大豆、小麦籽实 Fe、Mn、Cu 和 Zn 含量和土壤中各形态 Fe、Mn、Cu 和Zn含量.通过相关分析和通径分析,探讨了土壤中各形态Fe、Mn、Cu 和 Zn 的生物有效性,旨在为该地区合理施用微量元素提供科学依据.试验结果表明,玉米、大豆和小麦籽实含 Fe、Mn、Cu 和 Zn 量与土壤中有效态和交换态 Fe、Mn、Cu和Zn含量呈显著或极显著正相关.有机态 Fe、Mn、Cu 和 Zn含量与玉米、大豆和小麦籽实Fe、Mn、Cu 和 Zn含量也有很好的相关关系.交换态对有效态 Fe、Mn、Cu 和 Zn 影响最大,其次是有机质结合态.铁锰氧化物结合态 Fe、Cu 对有效态 Fe、Cu 及碳酸盐结合态 Mn、Zn 对有效态 Mn、Zn 具有一定正效应.而残留态 Fe、Cu 对有效态 Fe、Cu 和铁锰氧化物结合态 Mn 对有效态 Mn 产生负效应.     

连续施用有机肥对菜田土壤Cu和Zn积累及辣椒产量品质的影响

采用田间随机区组试验,研究了不同用量鸡粪和猪粪有机肥(0,15,30,45和60 t/hm^2)施用后,重金属Cu和Zn在土壤剖面迁移积累特征,及辣椒产量、品质和各器官(根、茎、叶和果实)Cu和Zn含量的变化。结果表明,鸡粪和猪粪施用显著增加了耕层(0—20 cm)土壤Cu和Zn含量,与对照相比,Cu含量增幅分别达到22.60%~66.59%和36.13%~95.00%,Zn含量增幅分别达到10.49%~39.27%和11.18%~51.94%,猪粪施用后耕层(0—20 cm)土壤Cu和Zn含量增幅大于鸡粪;鸡粪和猪粪带入的Cu和Zn主要积累在耕层(0—20 cm)土壤,Cu和Zn含量最高分别为36.95,137.24 mg/kg,尚未超出国家安全标准。高用量(60 t/hm^2)鸡粪和猪粪中的Cu和Zn存在明显向土壤深层迁移现象,与猪粪处理相比,鸡粪中带入的Cu和Zn向下迁移的幅度小。鸡粪和猪粪施用显著提高了辣椒果实单果重及产量,在施用量为30 t/hm^2时达到最大,产量比对照分别增加24.98%和29.04%,高用量(60 t/hm^2)鸡粪和猪粪显著提高了辣椒Vc含量、蛋白质含量和可溶性糖含量,降低了硝酸盐含量,改善了辣椒品质。15 t/hm^2鸡粪和60 t/hm^2猪粪显著提高了辣椒果实Cu含量,但均未超过20 mg/kg,可以安全食用。鸡粪和猪粪的施用对果实Zn含量(16.35~20.87 mg/kg)影响不显著。可以认为,合理施用鸡粪和猪粪有机肥在短期内能够改善土壤性质,提高作物产量和品质,虽然会造成Cu和Zn在耕层(0—20 cm)土壤的积累,但尚未引起土壤Cu和Zn污染,也不影响辣椒果实的安全食用,但如果长期施用则有必要进行进一步监测。     

苏南经济快速发展区土壤Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn形态及其有效性定量分析——以昆山市为例

研究了江苏省昆山市农田土壤有效态Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn各形态含量及其有效性。结果表明,土壤重金属Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn各形态含量以残渣态有机质结合态铁锰氧化物结合态碳酸盐结合态、可交换态,残渣态含量明显高于其他形态。Cu和Pb有机质结合态所占比例相对也较高,分别达36.09%和28.30%。土壤可交换态含量、碳酸盐结合态含量、Fe-Mn氧化物结合态含量及残渣态含量均以Zn最高;土壤有机质结合态含量以Cu最高;土壤可交换态含量变异系数、土壤碳酸盐结合态含量变异系数及土壤Fe-Mn氧化物结合态含量变异系数以Ni为最大;土壤有机质结合态含量变异系数以Zn最大;土壤残渣态含量变异系数以Pb最大。土壤铁锰氧化物结合态铜和可交换态铜对土壤有效态铜含量影响最大;土壤可交换态镍含量对土壤有效态镍含量最大;土壤铁锰氧化物结合态铅和有机质结合态铅对土壤有效态铅含量影响最大;土壤可交换态锌和碳酸盐结合态锌对土壤有效态锌含量影响最大。     

冻融作用对黑土重金属Zn形态转化的影响

通过对重金属Zn污染的黑土进行冻融频次和不同含水量的实验研究得到,随着冻融次数的增加,重金属Zn交换态含量,铁锰氧化物结合态含量和有机结合态含量均呈不同程度的降低趋势,残渣态含量明显增加,表明冻融作用可使土壤重金属Zn生物有效态含量降低。重金属Zn各赋存形态含量与土壤所经历的冻融次数之间呈二次多项式的函数关系,相关系数在0.948和0.988之间。随着土壤含水量的增加,冻融作用对重金属Zn交换态含量影响不大,铁锰氧化物结合态含量降低,有机结合态含量增加,而残渣态含量明显增加。     

有机质对冻融黑土重金属Zn赋存形态的影响

冻融作用对不同有机质含量的土壤重金属Zn赋存形态转化产生显著影响,以24h为1个冻融周期,对150mg(Zn)·kg-1的黑土冻融8次,结果表明,随着有机质含量的增加,未经冻融土壤的交换态和铁锰氧化物结合态Zn含量逐渐降低,有机结合态Zn含量逐渐增加,残渣态Zn含量变化不显著。冻融作用可促进交换态和铁锰氧化物结合态Zn含量降低,促进有机结合态和残渣态Zn含量增加。随着土壤有机质含量的增加,冻融作用使重金属Zn生物有效态含量降低。通过有机质含量与各形态Zn含量拟合,在未冻融和冻融条件下,各形态Zn含量与有机质含量之间呈二次多项式的函数关系,相关系数r2在0.664和0.995之间。     

施用富铜锌猪粪对低丘茶园土壤及茶叶重金属积累的影响

为了解施用富铜锌畜禽粪对低丘茶园红壤及茶叶重金属积累的影响,设计施用化肥、化肥+猪粪、单施猪粪和2倍于单施猪粪的猪粪用量4个施肥处理,进行为期4年的观察研究。结果表明,施用猪粪可预防土壤酸化,有利于红壤肥力的提高。适量施用猪粪可提高土壤Cu和Zn含量,改善茶树Cu和Zn营养状况。无论是施用化肥、化肥+猪粪,还是单施猪粪(或2倍猪粪用量),连续施用4年对土壤Pb、Co、Ni、Hg和As含量均无明显的影响,不会引起这些元素的明显积累。但过量或长期施用富含Cu和Zn猪粪,可引起土壤Cu、Zn和Cd显著积累,积累量可超过它们的土壤环境质量标准值。施用化肥、化肥+猪粪、单施猪粪和2倍于单施猪粪的猪粪用量4个施肥处理的土壤Cu的年积累速率分别为0.39,2.05,4.29,9.22mg/(kg·a),土壤Zn的年积累速率分别为0.43,4.78,10.55,22.44mg/(kg·a)。土壤中积累的Cu主要向有机质结合态和交换态转化,Zn主要向交换态、有机质结合态和氧化铁结合态转化。建议在茶园施用富含Cu和Zn畜禽粪时应注意控制施用量,不宜长期连续施用。     

海南岛砖红壤中铅、镉的化学形态与转化

采用土培实验和连续提取.原子吸收分光光度法,研究了重金属Pb、Cd在海南岛花岗岩砖红壤中的形态组成、外源Pb、Cd污染及化学修复剂磷、钙、硫对土壤重金属形态的影响.结果表明:在供试原土壤中,重金属Pb的化学形态以结合态和残余态为主,土壤有效态Pb含量较低,其中残余态Pb>有机质结合态Pb>铁锰氧化物结合态Pb>碳酸盐结合态Pb>交换态Pb>水溶态Pb,说明土壤Pb的环境风险较低;重金属Cd的化学形态以铁锰氧化物结合态和碳酸盐结合态为主,土壤中交换态Cd含量较高,其中铁锰氧化物结合态Cd>碳酸盐结合态Cd>交换态Cd>有机结合态Cd>残余态Cd>水溶态Cd,说明土壤Cd的环境风险较高.当外源Pb、Cd污染土壤时,有铁锰结合态Pb>残余态Pb>有机态Pb>碳酸盐结合态Pb>交换态Pb>水溶态Pb,交换态Cd>铁锰氧化物结合态Cd>碳酸盐结合态Cd>残余态Cd>有机态Cd>水溶态Cd的趋势.向污染土壤施加化学改良剂过磷酸钙、硫化钠和石灰,能显著降低水溶态Pb、Cd和交换态Pb、Cd的含量,并使有机结合态Pb、碳酸盐结合态Pb和铁锰氧化物结合态Pb含量下降,但残余态Pb、碳酸盐结合态Cd、铁锰氧化物结合态Cd和有机态Cd有增加的趋势,残余态Cd的含量基本稳定.     

二乙三胺五醋酸萃取后污染土壤中重金属Pb、Cu的形态分布

以硫铜矿尾矿区域土壤和库区周边受污染的农田土壤为研究对象,采用Tessier连续提取法研究了二乙三胺五醋酸(DTPA)萃取前后受污染土壤中的重金属Pb、Cu的形态变化。结果表明,两类污染土壤中的重金属Pb、Cu的形态分布各有差异,矿区土壤Pb、Cu主要以残渣态为主,农田土壤以有机结合态为主。在0.01molL-1浓度的条件下,DTPA对供试土壤Pb的萃取能力较其对Cu萃取能力强;经DTPA萃取后土壤中Pb、Cu的残渣态、碳酸盐结合态、铁锰氧化物结合态、交换态的含量分别有所下降。两种类型土壤中Pb、Cu残渣态、碳酸盐结合态、铁锰氧化物结合态、交换态变幅表现各异;矿区土壤和农田土壤中Cu的有机结合态含量有所增加,矿区土壤和农田土壤中Pb的有机结合态含量却表现各异,矿区土壤其含量有所增加,而农田土壤其含量却明显减少。     

水稻子实对不同形态重金属的累积差异及其影响因素分析

在分析成都平原核心区土壤重金属(Cd、Cr、Pb、Cu、Zn)全量、各形态含量及相应点位种植的水稻子实重金属含量的基础上,通过统计分析、空间插值及线性回归方程的模拟,研究了土壤Cd、Cr、Pb、Cu、Zn全量的空间分布状况、各形态重金属含量统计特征,以及水稻子实对重金属各形态的累积差异及其影响因素。结果表明,成都平原水稻土重金属污染较轻,除Cd外,均低于国家土壤环境质量二级标准。土壤中重金属的可交换态含量均较低,Cd主要以铁锰氧化态存在,Cr、Cu、Zn、Pb主要以残渣态存在。水稻子实对5种重金属的累积效应顺序为:Cd>Zn>Cu>Pb>Cr。与水稻重金属累积关系密切的重金属活性形态(可交换态、碳酸盐结合态、铁锰氧化物结合态和有机物结合态)主要有:Cd的碳酸盐结合态、Cr的可交换态、Pb的有机物结合态和Cu的碳酸盐结合态含量;Zn各活性形态对水稻子实含量的影响不明显。土壤理化性质对不同活性形态重金属元素的影响效应各不相同。活性态Cd主要受有机质、pH和容重的影响;活性态Cr与pH、有机质、CEC和容重密切相关;活性态Pb与有机质、容重、中细粉粒、砂粒等均有密切的关系;Cu的活性主要受粘粒、有机质含量的影响;Zn的有效性主要受pH、有机质、砂粒、容重的影响。总的看来,对土壤Cd、Cr、Pb、Cu、Zn各活性形态含量影响效应较强的是有机质、pH、容重,而与土壤吸附性能密切相关的颗粒组成、CEC的影响不甚明显。     

Soil Zinc Transformations as Affected by Applied Zinc and Organic Materials

Information on soil zinc (Zn) distribution is essential for understanding its chemical reactions and bioavailability. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of wheat straw, cow manure, and vermicompost applied with Zn rates on Zn distribution in a calcareous soil. A sequential extraction scheme was used to fractionate Zn into soluble and exchangeable, bound to carbonate, organically bound, bound to manganese (Mn) oxide, bound to amorphous iron (Fe) oxide, bound to crystalline Fe oxide, and residual forms. In untreated soil, Zn was mainly in the residual fraction. Increasing rates of applied Zn increased all forms of Zn. Carbonate and residual forms showed the greatest increase. Organic materials application increased all fractions, except Mn-oxide form, and this increase was more pronounced for the organically bound form. Concentration of soluble, exchangeable, and organically bound forms was greatest in cow manure–amended samples as compared to other organic materials, suggesting that cow manure contained more bioavailable Zn than other organic materials.     

Forms of trace metals from inorganic sources in soils and amounts found in spring barley

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was grown on a sandy soil given different doses of cadmium carbonate (salt), copper carbonate (malachite), lead carbonate (cerussite), and zinc carbonate (smithsonite) in a pot experiment conducted in a greenhouse. The element compounds were added to the soil in amounts equivalent to the following levels of the metals: Cd 5, 10, 50 μq ^?1; Cu and Pb 50, 100, 500 μg g^?1; Zn 150, 300, 1500 μg g^?1. Sequential extraction was used for partition these metals into five operationally-defined fractions: exchangeable, bound to carbonates, bound to Fe-Mn oxides, bound to organic matter and residual. The residue was the most abundant fraction in the untreated soil for all the metals studied (43 to 61% of the total contents). The concentration of exchangeable Cd (0.2 μg g^?1), Cu (0.01 μg g^?1), Pb (0.1 μg g^?1), and Zn (1.4 μg g^?1) were relatively low in the untreated soil but increased markedly in the treated soils for Cd (up to 31 μg g^?1) and Zn (up to 83 μg g^?1), whereas only small changes were observed for Cu and Pb. The pot experiment showed a significant increase in the Cd and Zn contents of barley grown on the treated soils, but only small changes in Cu and Pb concentrations.     

Effect of low‐temperature biochar derived from pig manure and poultry litter on mobile and organic matter‐bound forms of Cu,Cd, Pb and Zn in sandy soil

Numerous studies conducted so far have shown that biochar has a significant effect on physical, chemical and biological properties of soils. Biochar can be used to alleviate the effects of soil contamination with organic and inorganic compounds, for instance, to reduce the mobility of heavy metals. The aim of the research was to evaluate the effect of pig manure and poultry litter, as well as biochars produced from these materials at a temperature of 300 °C on Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn contents in mobile and organic matter‐bound forms in soil. The research was conducted under laboratory conditions. The materials were introduced into sandy acid soil in doses of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0% w/w. The application of pig manure‐derived biochar (BPM) and poultry litter‐derived biochar (BPL), depending on the amount added, reduced the mobility of copper from 28 to 69%, from 77 to 100% in the case of cadmium, from 94 to 99% in the case of lead, and from 15 to 97% in the case of zinc. The 2% amendment of pig manure (PM) and poultry litter (PL) caused an increase in the content of Cu extracted with NH₄NO₃ in comparison with the control treatment. A similar situation was observed in the case of zinc after the application of 0.5 and 1% amendments of pig manure (PM). Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn contents extracted with 0.025 mol C₁₀H₂₂N₄O₈ were higher than contents of these elements extracted with 1 m NH₄NO₃, mainly due to different extraction force of the extractants. The obtained results indicate that, compared with the content determined in soil from the control treatment, 1 and 2% amendments of both unconverted and thermally converted materials to the soil had a greater effect on contents of Cu, Pb and Zn in the organic matter‐bound fraction than the 0.5% amendment. The organic materials applied did not affect the content of cadmium in organic matter‐bound fraction.     

新乡市寺庄顶污灌区土壤中重金属的形态分布及生物有效性研究

对长期电池废水灌溉的新乡市寺庄顶污灌区和对照区土壤重金属进行取样分析,结果表明,对照区土壤中Cd,Ni,Zn,Cu和Cr含量都能达标,污灌区土壤中Cr含量能达标,Cd,Ni,Zn和Cu的含量超标,其平均含量分别为65.31,1 196.64,2 799.25,145.78 mg/kg,是国家土壤环境质量二级标准的108.85,19.94,9.33和1.46倍。形态分析结果表明,污灌区污染最严重的Cd主要以铁-锰氧化物结合态存在,所占比例平均为56.84%;Ni主要以铁-锰氧化物结合态和残余态存在,所占比例平均为37.44%和39.55%;Zn主要以残余态存在,所占比例平均为78.24%;Cu主要以有机结合态存在,所占比例平均为57.70%;Cr主要以有机结合态和残余态存在,所占比例平均为45.55%和34.18%。与对照相比,污灌降低了Cd,Ni,Zn,Cu和Cr残余态所占比例,提高了重金属迁移能力和生物有效性。在4种超标重金属中Cd可交换态所占比例最高,平均为24.54%,由于其生物有效性最高,Cd迁移能力和植物毒性最值得关注。     

MANURING EFFECT ON RICE GRAIN YIELD AND EXTRACTABLE TRACE ELEMENTS IN SOILS

Animal manures contain significant amounts of plant-available nutrients which could increase crop yields. They also contain heavy metals which may be exported outside soil systems by plants, animal and surface and underground water following application to soils. The effect of some animal manures on rice yield and extractability of iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) were determined in fours soils with different properties. The manures were applied at the rate of 100Mg ha^?1, and rice was grown for two consecutive seasons. In the second of the two seasons, rice yield and yield components were determined. Immediately after the second season rice harvest, soils were sampled and analyzed for DTPA extractable Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cu. Averaged across the soils, the level of extractable Fe increased by between 5% in chicken manure (PM) and 71% in cattle manure (CM); Zn by between 312% in CM and 871% in swine manure (SM); Mn by between 61% in PM and 172% in SM and Cu by between 327% in PM and 978% in SM. Mixing these manures before application reduced the level of extractable trace elements. Although there was increased yield following application, the results of this study indicated a possible risk of trace element export to the environment within a year, if high levels of the manures are applied.     

施用碱稳定固体的酸性土壤的Cu和Zn的形态分布

Fractionation of metals in a granite-derived acid sandy loam soil amended with alkaline-stabilised sewagesIudge biosolids was conducted in order to assess metal bioavailability and environmental mobility soil solution was extracted by a centrifugation and filtration technique. Metal speciation in the soil solution wasdetermined by a cation exchange resin method. Acetic acid and EDTA extracting solutions were used forextraction of metals in soil solid surfaces. Metal distribution in different fractions of soil solid phase was determined using a three-step sequential extraction scheme. The results show that the metals in the soilsolution existed in different fractions with variable lability and metals in the soil solid phase were also presentin various chemical forms with potentially different bioavail ability and environmental mobility Alkaline-stabilised biosolids could elevate solubility of Cu and proportion of Cu in organically complexed fractionsboth in soil liquid and solid phases, and may therefore increase Cu mobility. In contrast, the biosolids lowered the concentrations of water-soluble Zn (labile fraction) and exchangeable Zn and may hence decrease bioavailability and mobility of Zn. However, Fe and Mn oxides bound and organic matter bound fractions are likely to be Zn pools in the sludge-amended soil. These consequences possibly result from the liming effect and metal speciation of the sludge product and the difference in the chemistry between the metals in soil.     

施用猪粪对不同类型土壤中铜的赋存形态及小白菜吸收铜的影响

  目的  探讨猪粪中铜（Cu）的输入对土壤中Cu的赋存和生物有效性的影响。  方法  将1%和3%的腐熟猪粪（干猪粪∶秸秆 = 10∶1）添加到黄褐土、红壤、黑土、褐土中,分别老化0、1、2、3、5个月后,进行小白菜盆栽实验。  结果  与对照相比,施用猪粪使黄褐土、红壤、黑土和褐土土壤铜（Cu）全量分别显著增加了20.23% ~ 50.43%、79.87% ~ 142.6%、52.41% ~ 76.43%和41.14% ~ 92.24%。四种土壤中水溶态（F1）、碳酸盐结合态（F3）Cu占比均增加,施用3%猪粪的红壤未老化处理中F1-Cu和黄褐土未老化处理中F3-Cu增幅最大,分别达4.55%和16.47%。土壤铁锰氧化态（F5）、有机结合态（F6）Cu占比增加,残渣态（F7）占比降低。土壤有效态Cu的占比与猪粪老化时间呈显著负相关,3%猪粪老化5个月处理的黄褐土、黑土和褐土土壤有效态Cu占比分别降低12.85%、4.11%和3.68%,而红壤有效态Cu占比随老化时间变化不显著。在黄褐土中,腐殖酸结合态（F4）Cu的占比随猪粪老化时间的延长逐渐增加。施用猪粪显著增加小白菜对Cu的吸收,其中红壤的增幅最大,根系与地上部Cu含量分别显著提高244.5%和381.7%,地上部Cu含量为国家食品中污染物限量标准的1.44 ~ 2.56倍。逐步回归分析方程表明小白菜根系Cu的含量与土壤pH、粘粒及腐殖酸结合态（F4）含量呈显著负相关,与猪粪Cu输入量、土壤可溶性有机质含量呈显著正相关。  结论  猪粪的Cu输入显著提高土壤和小白菜的Cu 含量。土壤Cu的生物有效性不仅受土壤性质的影响,猪粪本身及在土壤中分解产生的腐殖酸和水溶性有机质对Cu的有效性也有较大的影响。通过比较不同的土壤类型,施用含Cu猪粪在红壤－作物系统中存在相对较高的重金属污染风险。     

铬铜复合污染下铬形态分布及与土壤酶活性的关系

采用土培盆栽实验和室内分析相结合的方法,研究了Cr单一和Cu-Cr复合污染条件下,外源施加的Cr在土壤中的形态变化及其对土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明：随外源Cr浓度的增加,土壤交换态Cr含量增多,残渣态占总量的百分比减少,铁锰氧化物结合态与有机结合态变化不大（碳酸盐结合态未检出）。Cu-Cr复合污染条件下,≤400mg·kg-1Cu能促进Cr从有机结合态向交换态及铁锰氧化物结合态转化（P〈0.05）,而高浓度Cu（800mg·kg-1）却抑制了这种转化的发生。与对照（CK）相比,重金属Cu、Cr单一及复合污染均对土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性产生一定的抑制作用,且酶活性抑制率随外源金属浓度的增加而增大;3种供试酶相比较,Cr、Cu对土壤脲酶和碱性磷酸酶活性影响较大,对除C（r5mg·kg-1）处理的过氧化氢酶活性影响较小;低浓度C（r5mg·kg-1）对土壤过氧化氢酶活性有一定激活作用。土壤脲酶活性受土壤交换态Cr含量的影响较大;碱性磷酸酶活性与铁锰氧化物结合态Cr含量有关;铁锰氧化物结合态和有机物结合态Cr对土壤过氧化氢酶活性产生一定的影响。残渣态Cr含量与3种供试的土壤酶活性间无显著相关。