岩层倾向对喀斯特槽谷区地表/地下产流过程的影响

喀斯特槽谷区在降雨过程中极易发生水土流失,这使得该区生态环境被破坏。以喀斯特槽谷区为研究对象,通过室内模拟其典型顺/逆层坡面特征及地下孔裂隙发育程度,利用人工降雨试验研究不同雨强条件下地表地下产流特征,从而揭示喀斯特槽谷区地表地下产流机制。结果表明:(1)喀斯特槽谷区地表地下产流受雨强影响,小雨强(30 mm/h)条件下地下产流量大于地表产流量,中雨强(60 mm/h)条件下地表产流量增大且裸坡条件下地表产流量大于地下产流量,大雨强(90 mm/h)条件下裸坡与顺层坡的地表产流量均大于地下产流量。(2)地下孔裂隙发育程度对地表地下产流量的分配比例产生影响,地下孔裂隙度越大则地下产流量越多,且2%～3%的地下孔裂隙度时地表地下产流量分配比例发生转变。(3)不同岩层倾向条件下,地表产流量及其分配比例最高为裸坡,最低为逆层坡,地下产流量及其分配比例最高为逆层坡,最低为裸坡。(4)不同岩层倾角条件下,顺层坡地表产流量最高为30°,最低为90°,地下产流量则相反;逆层坡地表产流量最高为90°,最低为60°,地下产流量最高为60°,最低为90°。研究结果可为喀斯特槽谷区地表及地下产流机制的进一步认识提供科学依据。     

喀斯特槽谷区岩石与坡面夹角对坡面集中流水力学特性的影响

喀斯特槽谷区地表出露的岩石与坡面形成不同夹角,塑造了复杂的微地貌,显著改变坡面集中水流路径,使得水流特性发生重大变化。目前,不同岩石与坡面夹角下集中流水力学特性的变化特征还不清楚。通过室内放水冲刷模拟试验,研究了3个坡度(10°、15°和20°)、3个冲刷流量(5、7.5、10 L·min-1)和6个岩石与坡面夹角(30°、60°、90°、120°、150°和180°(0°))组合条件下喀斯特槽谷区地表集中流的水力学特性。结果表明:集中水流雷诺数(Re)随冲刷历时变化趋势较复杂,试验条件下,Re随流量的增大而增大,随坡度变化规律不明显,变化范围为517～3343。Darcy-Weisbach阻力系数(f)随冲刷历时表现出增大的变化趋势,其随坡度增大而增大,随流量增大而减小,变化范围为0.62～5.70。Re和岩石与坡面夹角关系均不显著,f和岩石与坡面夹角间的关系在各流量和坡度组合下表现不同。f与Re之间的耦合关系受岩石与坡面夹角的显著影响,当岩石与坡面夹角小于90°时,f-Re关系用对数方程描述比较好;夹角大于等于90°时,则用幂函数方程描述更好。试验条件下,当Re1 791时,f与Re关系不显著;当Re1 791时,f与Re则呈显著正相关。本研究可为喀斯特槽谷区土壤侵蚀预报模型的建立提供依据。     

喀斯特槽谷区岩层倾向对土壤入渗特性的影响

为了解岩层倾向对喀斯特槽谷区土壤入渗特性的影响,以重庆市青木关岩溶槽谷区顺/逆层坡为研究对象,分析5种典型土地利用方式裸地(AL)、辣椒地(PL)、玉米地(CL)、林地(FL)、草地(GL)在顺/逆层坡的土壤入渗能力差异,并探讨土壤物理性质对土壤入渗能力的影响。结果表明:(1)＞0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量、毛管持水量、黏粒以及粉粒含量在顺/逆层坡存在显著差异(p<0.05),其中在>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量和毛管持水量方面,分别为PL与FL的顺/逆层坡差异最大,在黏粒和粉粒方面,CL的顺/逆层坡差异最大,且均为逆层坡＞顺层坡。(2)除FL顺层坡的土壤渗透能力低于逆层坡外,其余4种土地利用方式下的土壤入渗能力均表现为顺层坡高于逆层坡。(3)土壤渗透特性在顺/逆层坡均与容重呈极显著负相关关系(p<0.01),在顺层坡与总孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度、＞5 mm水稳性团聚体含量和饱和持水量呈极显著正相关关系(p<0.01),在逆层坡与非毛管孔隙度、饱和持水量、粉粒含量呈极显著正相关关系(p<0.01);通过多元逐步回归分析与通径分析发现,顺/逆层坡土壤入渗能力的首要决策因素均为容重,其次分别为>5 mm水稳性团聚体含量和粉粒含量。(4)对比4种土壤入渗过程的拟合模型,Philip模型对顺/逆层坡的土壤入渗过程拟合效果最佳。研究结果可为喀斯特槽谷区不同岩层倾向的水土流失防治以及植被恢复提供数据支撑。     

喀斯特槽谷区坡面集中水流曼宁系数变化特征

[目的]探究喀斯特槽谷区不同岩石与坡面夹角影响下地表集中水流阻力变化特征,为该区土壤侵蚀模型构建提供科学依据。[方法]在3个坡度(10°,15°,20°),3个冲刷流量(5,7.5,10 L/min)和6个岩石与坡面夹角角度(30°,60°,90°,120°,150°,180°)组合条件下开展室内放水冲刷试验,研究喀斯特槽谷区不同岩石与坡面夹角下地表集中水流曼宁系数的变化规律及其影响因素。[结果](1)地表集中水流曼宁系数n随冲刷历时呈迅速增大再缓慢增长或趋于稳定的变化趋势。不同夹角的n值大小顺序为:n_(180°)n_(150°)n_(90°)n_(30°)n_(120°)n_(60°)。(2)当岩石与坡面夹角大于30°时,n与水深h显著相关,夹角为30°时,二者关系不显著;试验条件下,n与雷诺数Re关系不显著,与弗汝德数Fr呈显著幂函数负相关。(3)相对水深曼宁系数n/h随夹角增大呈先增后减的变化趋势。(4)岩石与坡面夹角大于30°时,n/h与Re均呈幂函数负相关,夹角为30°时,二者关系不显著;不同岩石与坡面夹角的n/h与Fr关系均不显著。[结论]喀斯特槽谷区坡面集中水流曼宁系数n受岩石与坡面夹角的显著影响,随夹角增大总体呈先减后增的趋势。     

陡坡面发育的细沟水动力学特性室内试验研究

为了为黄土高原陡坡水蚀预报模型的建立提供科学依据,通过组合不同坡度(21°、24°、27°)、不同流量(6.5、8.5、10.5 L/min)的陡坡室内放水冲刷试验,对坡面细沟侵蚀发生过程中的坡面流水动力学特性进行了研究.结果表明,在试验的坡度和流量范围内,坡面流的雷诺数Re在798～4620之间变化,且雷诺数Re变化幅度随冲刷历时的增大而增大.而坡面流弗劳德数Fr在整个试验过程中均大于1,表明坡面流处于急流范围.坡面流阻力系数f随雷诺数Re的增大而增大,其变化还受坡度的影响.坡面在径流冲刷侵蚀过程中,流速随冲刷时间的延长和冲刷形态的变化呈现出先减小后增大义减小的变化趋势.     

砒砂岩陡坡面径流水动力学特征

为研究砒砂岩地区陡坡面径流的侵蚀规律,为该地区坡面水蚀预报模型的建立提供科学的理论依据,通过室内模拟冲刷试验,对不同冲刷流量和坡度的坡面径流水动力学特征进行研究。结果表明:在试验的冲刷流量和坡度范围内,砒砂岩坡面径流流速随冲刷流量和坡度的增大而增大,它们之间呈幂函数关系。径流雷诺数(Re)随随冲刷流量的增大而增大,40°则是Re变化的临界坡度,此时Re最大,而弗罗德数(Fr)的变化趋势正好相反。当冲刷流量大于4L/min时,径流流态为紊流和急流,其余处理坡面径流流态都为层流和急流。径流Darcy-Weisbach阻力系数(f)随压实度增大而减小,随冲刷流量的增大而增大,60°则是f变化的临界坡度,此时f最大,且f和输沙率有一定的正相关关系。     

含沙量对高陡边坡径流水动力学特性的影响

[目的]揭示含沙量对高陡边坡水动力学特性的影响,为高陡边坡土壤侵蚀机理模型精度的提升提供理论支撑。[方法]设定3个含沙梯度(0,4%,8%)和3个放水梯度(12,16,20 L/min),在36°坡面进行野外径流冲刷试验。[结果]随着放水流量的增大,平均流速随着含沙量增加而减小的趋势较小,雷诺数Re随着含沙量增加而减小的趋势较明显;当放水流量为16,20 L/min时,随着含沙量的增加,坡面流态均由紊流向过渡流发展;弗汝德数Fr随着含沙量的增加而增大,且均大于1,坡面径流流态属于急流。阻力系数f与雷诺数Re呈极显著幂函数关系(p<0.01),随着含沙量的增加,雷诺数Re对阻力系数f的影响逐渐减弱。含沙量与平均流速、雷诺数、阻力系数、水流剪切力和水流功率呈极显著负相关关系(p<0.01),相关系数绝对值大小顺序为R(Re)>R(ω)>R(τ)>R(ν)>R(f),雷诺数Re是描述水动力学参数与含沙量关系的最佳参数,含沙量与弗汝德数Fr关系不显著,与雷诺数、水流功率、水流剪切力以及流速间的关系可用二元线性函数表示。[结论]含沙量对高陡边坡水动力学特性具有...     

岩土覆被格局对西南喀斯特坡地产流产沙的影响

为研究不同岩土格局对喀斯特坡地水土流失/漏失的影响,利用人工模拟降雨试验,以裸坡为对照组,研究镶嵌格局、横坡格局、顺坡格局3种岩土覆被格局下的坡面产流产沙特征。结果表明：(1)顺坡格局的地表产流量最多,分别较镶嵌格局、横坡格局与裸坡的地表产流量增加88.6%,67.1%,576.1%,同时顺坡格局的地下产流量最少,分别较镶嵌格局、横坡格局与裸坡减少37.5%,36.1%,39.2%。(2)地表产沙量顺坡格局>镶嵌格局>横坡格局>裸坡,地下产沙量镶嵌格局>横坡格局>顺坡格局>裸坡。3种岩土格局的地表产沙量较裸坡均有明显增加,但地下产沙量相对增加较少。(3)岩土格局可改变地表径流泥沙关系,地表累积径流量与地表累积产沙量呈幂函数关系,镶嵌格局明显改变地表径流泥沙关系,使坡面地表侵蚀量显著提升。研究结果可进一步深化对喀斯特坡地降雨侵蚀规律的认识,为喀斯特地区的石漠化治理提供参考依据。     

草被覆盖下坡面径流入渗过程及水力学参数特征试验研究

利用人工模拟降雨试验,定量研究了在90 mm/h降雨强度下20°陡坡面不同被覆条件下(80%,60%,40%,20%)苜蓿草地的产流产沙入渗变化规律.分析了草地侵蚀产沙的水力学参数特征.试验结果表明,不同草被覆盖条件下草地累积径流量和累积产沙量与降雨时间呈显著的幂函数关系,随着草地覆盖度的减小而增大.随着草被覆盖度的增加,坡面径流量呈减小的趋势,草地人渗率呈增加的趋势,草被坡面径流量和入渗率呈明显负线性相关.分析了不同草被覆盖条件下草地的坡面水流平均流速、水力半径、雷诺数、弗罗德数和阻力系数特征,从水力学角度揭示了不同覆盖度草地的拦沙效应.     

植被格局对坡面流阻力影响的试验研究

利用室内模拟降雨试验,定量研究在15°坡度和60,90,120,150mm/h降雨强度下,茵陈蒿(Artemisia capillaris)不同分布格局对坡面流阻力(Darcy-Weisbach阻力系数,f)的影响。结果表明:由于植被格局的阻滞作用,相对于裸地坡面,不同格局坡面流阻力系数明显增大,平均阻力系数是裸坡的1.25~13.13倍;带状格局(BP)、棋盘状格局(CP)和小斑块格局(XP)增强坡面流阻力的作用显著高于长条状格局(LP)。剪除地上部分后,根系作用坡面阻力系数显著降低,约为裸坡的0.75~3.78倍。裸坡平均阻力系数随雨强增大呈减小趋势,完整植被格局和根系作用坡面相对阻力系数(与裸坡阻力系数比值)随雨强增大呈指数函数增大。阻力系数与水流雷诺数的关系可用幂函数表示;阻力系数与坡面侵蚀速率呈极显著幂函数关系。     

“绿色革命”以来大气CO2浓度升高对C3作物营养品质的影响

自20世纪60年代"绿色革命"以来,育种技术和农耕技术的发展促进了农作物产量的大幅提升,然而作物的营养品质出现下降趋势。在相似的遗传背景下,大气CO_2浓度升高会使单位体积农作物产品的营养元素含量下降,因此"绿色革命"至今,农作物产品的营养元素下降可能受大气CO_2浓度升高影响。通过植物生长箱模拟"绿色革命"初期和目前的大气CO_2浓度水平(310μmol/mol和400μmol/mol),针对主要C_3作物水稻、小麦和大豆,研究"绿色革命"以来大气CO_2浓度升高对其籽粒的C、N、Fe、Zn元素含量的影响,结果表明:CO_2浓度升高对3种作物籽粒的C元素含量几乎没有影响,变化幅度在±1.5%之间;籽粒的N、Fe、Zn元素含量普遍呈现下降趋势,但均未达到显著水平。     

Potential of wild species for genetic enhancement of some semi-arid food crops

Discovery and incorporation of genes from wild species provide means to sustain crop improvement, particularly when levels of resistance in the cultigens are low and virulent strains of pests and pathogens overcome the host plant resistance. The extent of utilization and the potential of the wild genepool for genetic enhancement were reviewed in five important food crops viz. sorghum, pearl millet, chickpea, pigeonpea and groundnut grown in the semi-arid tropics. Introgression from compatible wild germplasm in the primary gene pool resulted in transfer of new cytoplasmic male sterility systems in pearl millet and pigeonpea, development of high protein, cleistogamous flower and dwarf pigeonpea lines and foliar disease resistant groundnut cultivars. Utilization of wild species in secondary and tertiary gene pools has been generally limited due to sterility, restricted recombination or cross incompatibility. Nevertheless, these species are extremely important as they contain high levels of resistance to several important biotic and abiotic stresses. Several of them, like those belonging to the Parasorghum section and the rhizomatous Arachis species are sources of multiple resistances and hold great promise to sustain crop productivity.     

Faculty positions:Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences

正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications     

Soil-profile distribution of primary and secondary plant-available nutrients under conventional and no tillage

Nutrient distributions under no tillage (NT) compared with conventional disk-and-bed tillage (CT) management in the warm, humid region of the southeastern USA need to be assessed so that future placement, quantity, and type of fertilizers can be altered, if necessary, to efficiently match crop demands. We determined soil-profile distributions of pH, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu to a depth of 0.9 m at the end of 8.5 years of continuous CT and NT management on a Weswood silty clay loam (fine, mixed, thermic Fluventic Ustochrept) in southcentral Texas. Most dramatic changes occurred within the 0–0.05 m depth, where soil under NT had lower pH, Fe, and Cu than under CT, but greater P, K, Zn, and Mn. Greater P and K under NT than under CT also occurred below the till-zone (0.15–0.3 m). At a depth of 0–0.3 m, soil under NT contained greater amounts of extractable P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu than under CT. Nitrogen fertilization had little effect on nutrient distributions, except resulting in greater extractable K at 0–0.05 m and greater nitrate at 0–0.15 m. Few changes in soil-profile distributions were observed for extractable S, Ca, Mg, and Na. Long-term continuous use of NT on this fine-textured, high-fertility (except for N) soil had no apparent adverse effects on nutrient distributions relative to CT, but enhanced conservation and availability of P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu near the soil surface where crop roots proliferate.     

Assessing the effectiveness of conservation measures: Resolving the “wicked” problem of the Steller sea lion

“Wicked” problems are those that are complex and that change when solutions are applied. Many conflicts in conservation fall into this category. The study approached the problem of how to constrain the apparent wickedness of a problem in the conservation management of a species by using simple empirical indicators to carry out iterative assessment of the risk to a population and to document how this risk evolves in relation to the addition of new data and the implementation of management actions. Effects of high levels of uncertainty within data and also concerning population structure were examined through stochastic simulation and by exploration of scenarios. Historical trends in the example used, the Steller sea lion, showed rapid declines in abundance in some regions during the 1980s. The current total population is 130,000-150,000 Steller sea lions through Alaska and British Columbia and this number has been stable since about 1990 in spite of regional differences in population dynamics. Regional differences in the sequence of changes in the number of pups and non-pups, suggested that an internal re-distribution of juveniles could have happened between 1980 and 1990. Current productivity also appears close to the long-term mean. Stochastic population projection using various scenarios showed that, based upon this history, the risk of extinction for the population has declined and is below reasonable thresholds for considering the population to be endangered. The trends in risk suggest that management actions taken since 1990 have probably been effective. Consequently, the conservation management objectives for the Steller sea lion are probably being met. The approach provides a mechanism, based upon experience and scenario analysis, for exploring future policy options and may help to constrain the debate amongst stakeholders about the cost-benefit trade-offs associated with different options.     

Collection and preliminary evaluation of native turfgrass accessions in Italy

Despite a raising interest on turfs in Italy, all theavailable varieties of this kind in the Country are of foreign origin, and areoften poorly adapted to the prevailing climatic conditions. This prompted tobegin a collection activity of indigenous turfgrass species, with the ultimategoal of identifying promising materials for future breeding based on localgenetic resources. The collection was carried out in three areas of Italy, viz.the northern Po Plain, the coastal region of Liguria, and the island of Sardiniathat are characterised, respectively, by subcontinental, warm temperate, andtypical Mediterranean climate. Altogether, 141 sites were visited, yielding 226accessions belonging to eight species of potential interest for turfs:Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis,Festuca rubra, Festuca arundinacea,Lolium perenne, Agrostis stolonifera,Agrostis tenuis, and Cynodon dactylon,this last being a warm-season grass. Poa pratensis andCynodon dactylon were mostly collected in northern Italyand Sardinia, respectively, whereas Festuca arundinacea andLolium perenne were rather ubiquitous. The collection sitesranged from 0 to 1040 m asl, but sites over 750 m wereonly visited in the inner part of Sardinia. All the accessions, collected aswhole plants, were transplanted at Lodi, northern Italy, where they are beingevaluated. Their preliminary evaluation for traits of importance for turf use,such as sward colour and overall quality, highlighted the great variation andthe occurrence of interesting accessions in all species. Other characters wererecorded, bearing specific importance in individual species, and in all casespromising accessions were identified. The germplasm of Festucarubra, Festuca arundinacea, and Loliumperenne proved highly infected by endophytic (symbiotic) fungi of thegenus Neotyphodium.     

Enhanced establishment and growth of giant cardon cactus in an eroded field in the Sonoran Desert using native legume trees as nurse plants aided by plant growth-promoting microorganisms and compost

To evaluate the feasibility of long-term desert reforestation technology of mixed vegetation, cardon cactus (Pachycereus pringlei) seedlings from indoor and outdoor nurseries were planted in the field adjacent to one seedling of potential legume nurse trees: mesquite amargo (Prosopis articulata), yellow palo verde (Parkinsonia microphylla), and blue palo verde (Parkinsonia florida). Some of the planting holes were also supplemented with common dairy compost. Additionally, the combinations of legume tree–cactus were inoculated with either a consortium of desert arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB; the diazotroph Azospirillum brasilense Cd, and the phosphate solubilizer Paenibacillus sp.), or a mixture of all. The field experiments were evaluated periodically during 30 months for survival and growth. Cardons reared in an outdoor screen house survived better in the field than those reared in a controlled growth chamber and hardened later outdoors. Association with any legume nurse tree increased survival and enhanced growth of untreated cardons. For cardons growing alone, application of either compost, AM fungi, and all the treatments combined increased survival. For these plants, no treatment affected plant growth during the first 3 months after transplanting. Later, all treatments, except for AM fungi, enhanced plant growth. However, only 2 years after transplanting the enhanced growth effect of AM fungi was also significant. In the presence of the legume nurse trees, transient positive effects on cardon growth were recorded. General evaluation after 30 months of cultivation showed that the treatments positively affected cardon growth when growing alone or in combination only with mesquite amargo but not with the other two legume trees. This study proposes that young legume trees have the capacity to enhance survival and growth of cardon cactus, depending on the legume cactus combination. Additional treatments such as compost or PGPB can either amplify the effect or else attenuate it.     

Karyotypic and genome size variation in Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. (pigeonpea) and some wild relatives

Detailed karyotypes and 4C DNA amounts have been studied in five cultivars of Cajanus cajan and 20 species belonging to Cajanus, Rhynchosia, Dunbaria, Flemingia and Paracalyx. C. cajan shows intraspecific variability and its karyotype is most similar to that of C. cajanifolius (sect. Cajanus) in the morphology and number of satellite chromosomes and the lack of any correlation between chromosome size within the complement and asymmetry. Karyotypes of C. lineatus and C. sericeus belonging to sect. Atylia are similar with respect to maximum r-index and the ratio of longest and shortest chromosomes in their respective complements. C. acutifolius (sect. Frutocosa) is distinct in having a very low ratio (1.44) between the longest and the shortest chromosomes, while in C. albicans, C. goensis, C. scarabaeoides (sect. Cantharospermum) there is no chromosome pair with r-index >2.0. C. mollis and C. volubilis (sect. Volubilis) show similarity with regard to ratio between the longest and the shortest chromosomes and a distinct chromosome pair with an arm ratio of 2.7 and C. platycarpus is distinct (sect. Rhynchosoides) in having the smallest ratio (1.36) between the longest and the shortest chromosomes. 4C DNA amounts in Cajanus and Rhynchosia vary between 3.28 pg to 11.69 pg and 4.92 pg to 11.13 pg respectively, while in Dunbaria, Flemingia and Paracalyx these vary between 4.70 and 7:06 pg. In the genus Cajanus karyotypic features and 4C DNA amounts agree with the sectional classification and bring out a close relationship between C. cajan and C. cajanifolius. This is supported by studies based on seed protein patterns, isozyme analysis, trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitor patterns, RFLP and RAPD data and crossability relationships. A clear relation between DNA amount and abnormalities effecting the extent of pairing and recombination in interspecific hybrids shows the importance of this study in developing future breeding programme involving C. cajan and its wild relatives that are of potential value.     

Effect of some fungicide seed treatments on the survival of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and on the nodulation and yield of soybean [Glycine max. (L) Merr.]

Several commercial fungicide seed treatments were evaluated for their possible effect on the survival of Bradyrhizobium japonicum on seeds and on the nodulation and yield of soybeans in a greenhouse and a field experiment. quinolate Pro (carbendazim and oxine copper), Vitavax 200FF (carboxin and thiram), and Monceren (pencycuron) had a small effect or no effect on the survival of B. japonicum and on the nodulation and yield of soybeans. They can thus be considered compatible with soybean seed inoculation. Germipro UFB (carbendazim and iprodione), Apron 35J (metalaxyl), and Tachigaren (hymexazol) decreased B. japonicum survival and the nodulation and yield of soybeans and thus cannot be considered compatible with soybean seed inoculation.     

Leaf position and genotype differences for mineral element concentrations in sorghum grown on tropical acid soil 1

Mineral element deficiencies and toxicities are common problems associated with sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] production on acid soils. To better understand some of the mineral element problems and the analysis of plant tissue of sorghum plants grown on acid soils, four sorghum genotypes were grown on an acid Oxisol at Carimagua, Colombia limed with dolomite at 2 and 6 Mg ha^‐1.

Samples for mineral element analyses were obtained from leaves at different positions on the four genotypes. Concentrations of P and Mg were highest in the flag leaf (Leaf No. 1) and decreased as the position on the plant declined from the top of the plant for plants grown at 2 Mg lime ha^‐1. Similar decreases in P, Mg, K, and Zn concentrations occurred in plants grown with 6 Mg lime ha^‐1. Concentrations of Ca, S, Si, Mn, Fe, Cu, and Al increased as leaf position declined from the flag leaf for plants grown at 2 and 6 Mg lime ha^‐1. The higher lime supply enhanced Ca and reduced Mn and Fe concentrations in leaves. Differences in mineral element concentrations for the four genotypes used were fairly extensive. The elements to show the greatest range among genotypes were Al and Si and the elements to show the least range among genotypes were P, K, and S. Care should be used in collecting leaf samples for plant analysis and genotypic differences for accumulation of mineral elements should be considered in interpretation of results.