大豆11S球蛋白Gy4(A5A4B3)的基因克隆和序列分析

从大豆（品种Ｗｉｌｌｉａｍｓ）基因组文库中筛选出大豆１１Ｓ球蛋白Ｇｙ４（Ａ５Ａ４Ｂ３）染色体基因,对其基因及基因上游启动区和基因下游域进行了测离,全长３６８０ｂｐ。基因编码区长度为２５９７ｂｐ,由四个显子和三个内含子组成。四个外显子的长度为：２８９ｂｐ,２６６ｂｐ,７４７ｂｐ和３８７ｂｐ;三个内含子的长度为：３３２ｂｐ,７５ｂｐ和５０１ｂｐ。基因上游除具有ＣＡＡＴ盒和ＴＡＴＡ盒外,还具有ＥＧＵＭＩ     

指导的基因在动物乳腺特异性表达载体的构建

为了实现外源蛋白质在动物乳腺中特异性表达,采用ＰＣＲ法扩增了ＢＬＧ ３’端含第６,７外显子及ｐｏｌｙ（Ａ）加尾信号下游约２００ｂｐ的０．８７ｋｂ片断。以山羊ＢＬＧ ５’的３．２ｋｂ（含第１,２外显子）启动子,山羊ＢＬＧ ３’０．８７ｋｂ序列,鸡α－珠蛋白基因簇π基因上游的－２．４￣－５．３ｋｂ ＨｉｎｄⅢ序列,绿色荧光蛋白ＧＦＰ及原核载体ｐＧＥＭ－７ｚｆ构建了ｐＧＥＭ－７ｚｆ－ＧＦＰ－ＭＡＲ－５’     

马哈利樱桃PGIP基因克隆及全序列测定

以马哈利樱桃（Ｐｒｕｎｕｓ ｍａｈａｌｅｂＬ．）基因组ＤＮＡ为模板,用ＰＧＩＰ（多聚半乳糖醛酸酶抵制蛋白）基因保守序列为引物进行ＰＣＲ扩增,得到长度约为１．２ｋｂ的目的片段,将其克隆到ｐＵＣｍ－Ｔ载体上,进行序列测定,结果表明,目的片段全长１１９２ｂｐ,由２个外显子和１个内含子构成,外显子总长９９６ｂｐ,编码３３０个氨基酸,与杏的ＰＧＩＰ基因ｍＲＮＡ序列、编码的氨基酸序殓同源性分别达到９４．１％、     

鸡传染性法氏囊病毒Ts,OH毒株,鱼传染性胰脏坏死病毒DRT …

用幼鸡成纤维细胞繁殖鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒（ＴＢＤＶ）Ｔｓ毒株,病毒颗粒经提纯后提取基因组ｄｓＲＮＡ。根据已报道的加拿大ＯＨ株序列设计引物,用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ进行ｃＤＮＡ扩增,获得９７６ｂｐ、７７４ｂｐ和９９７ｂｐ的三个部分重叠的片段,分别克隆于ｐＧＥＭ－Ｔｅａｓｙ载体,利用ＳＰ６,Ｔ７ 异引物及ＰＣＲ引物进行序列分析,并连接为一个寒带的大片段,结果表明,所克隆片段为２６６５ｂｐ的ＩＢＤＶＶＰ、基因的大     

水稻黄单胞菌水稻变种的rpfA基因的定位和次级克隆

水稻黄单胞菌水稻变种产生两种顺乌头酸酶（ＸｏｏＡｃａｎＡ和ＸｏｏＡｃａｎＢ）,编码ＸｏｏｃａｎＡ的ｒｐｆＡ基因已被克隆在重组质粒ｐＧＸＮ３０００中。本工作通过转座子Ｔｎ５Ｂ２０诱变ｐＧＸＮ３０００,鉴定了ｒｐｆＡ基因的位置及其转录方向,并进一步将含有完整ｒｐｆＡ基因的４．８ｋｂＡｓｐ７１８ＥｃｏＲⅠ片段次级克隆到了多用途载体质粒ｐＩＪ３２００。     

苏云金芽胞杆菌新菌株S184 cry1Ab基因的克隆

通过对ＧｅｎＢａｎｋ中ｃｒｙ１类基因序列的保守区进行分析,设计一对针对其保守区的引物Ｙ５－１（ＡＧＧＡＣＣＡＧＧＡＴＴＴＡＣＡＧＧＡＧＧ）和Ｙ３－１（ＧＣＴＧＴＧＡＣＡＣ ＧＡＡＧＧＡＴＡＴＡＧＣＣＡＣ）,对苏云金芽胞杆菌（Ｂａｘｉｌｌｕｓ ｔｈｕｒｉｎｇｉｅｎｓｉｓ,Ｂｔ）新菌株Ｓ１８４质粒ＤＮＡ进行扩增,得到一大小为１．５ｋｂ的ＤＮＡ片段,序列分析显示该片段与ｃｒｙ１因基因高度同源。以此片段为     

烟草花药特异启动子的克隆,活性测定及雄性不育基因和恢复基…

采用聚合酶链式反应方法（ＰＣＲ），以烟草叶片ＤＮＡ为模板扩增得到１．５ｋｂ花药特异启动子ＴＡ２９的基因片段。然后克隆到ｐＧＥＭ７２ｆ（＋）的ＳｍａＩ位点上。序列分析结果表明，该基因片段两端２８０ｂｐ区段的碱基序列与资料报道的完全相同。经转化离体组织测定，该启动子具有花药特异启动活性。该启动子经与核酸酶Ｂａｒｎａｓｅ及其相应的抑制剂Ｂａｒｓｔａｒ基因分别融合后构建成雄性不育基因和恢复基因。     

丛枝菌根真菌对玉米生长生态效应的影响

１９９６～１９９８年试验研究了大田不施肥条件下３种泡囊丛枝菌根真菌Ａｒｂｕｓｃｕｌａｒ ｍｙｃｏｒ－ｒｈｉｚａｌ ｆｕｎｇｉ （ＡＭＦ）,即Ｇｌｏｍｕｓ ｍｏｓｓｅａｅ（Ｇ．ｍ）、Ｇｌｏｍｕｓ ｖｅｒｓｉｆｏｍｅ（Ｇ．ｖ）、Ｓｃｌｅｒｏｃｙｓｉｓ ｓｉｎｏｕｓａ（Ｓ．ｓ）对玉米生长的生态效应。结构表明,ＡＭＦ处理的玉米根系活力为对照的２．３２～３．０５倍,玉米Ｎ素吸收比对照增加２４．１４％～５６．     

人工合成苏云金芽孢杆菌杀虫蛋白基因cryI A（c）在大肠杆菌中…

用化学合成法和分子生物学技术合成了ｃｒｙ Ｉ Ａ（ｃ）基因编码杀虫蛋白中决定杀虫活性的第２９至６１３氨基酸部分的１７５５ｂｐ ＤＮＡ。合成中改变了多处ＡＴ富集区和可能引起该基因转录提前终止或引起ｍＲＮＡ不稳定的序列。与野生型基因相比，新合成基因的ＧＣ比例由野生型的３８％增加到４７％，更接近于植物基因的特点。有５２％的氨基酸密码子改变为植物偏爱密码子。Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ印迹分析及虫试结果表明合成的ｃｒｙ     

苏云金芽孢杆菌cry1Aa10杀虫晶体蛋白基因的克隆、序列分析以及在大肠杆菌中的表达

本研究从对鳞翅目昆虫有强毒性的苏云金芽孢杆菌（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ ｔｈｕｒｉｎｇｉｅｎｓｉｓＢｔ）菌株ｋｕｒｓｔａｋｉＨＤ－１－０２中克隆到一个３．５ｋｂ的杀虫晶体蛋白基因ｃｒｙＩ－０２。全序列分析表明,该基因由３５３１ｂｐ的核苷酸组成,可编码１１７６个氨基酸组成的蛋白质,根据同源性比较,该基因被确定为ｃｒｙ１Ａａ基因。它与国外报道的Ｂｔｃｒｙ１Ａａ基因具有相似的限制性内切酶图谱,核苷酸和氨基酸序列     

Assessment of the effect of the climatic parameters on the distribution of the Al-Fe-humus horizons in the soils of the Russian planes

A comparative-ecological approach for studying the general regularities of soil ecology on the basis of geoinformation systems is suggested. It has been applied to analyze the distribution of Al-Fe-humus horizons. The quantitative climatic parameters of soils with Al-Fe-humus horizons have been estimated, and the relationships between them have been established. The applicability of this approach for assessing the general regularities of soil ecology is shown.     

下一代Internet发展综述——下一代Internet的产生和发展

本文论述了IPV6产生的社会原因,阐述了国外发达国家下一代Internet的发展状况和中国下一代Internet的发展状况及最新进展。     

Measuring the costs of improving the quality of the environment in the United States

The analysis in this paper is directed at comparing the relative effectiveness of meeting the objectives outlined in the recently passed Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 through taxation and through regulation. The analytical vehicle used in the analysis consists of a computable general equilibrium model composed of 12 producing sectors, 13 consuming sectors, 6 household categories classified by income, a foreign sector and a government. We find first that, irrespective of what type of strategy is followed, both output and consumption decline. Hence, there is an identifiable and quantifiable tradeoff between economic activity (economic growth) and the quality of the environment. Beyond this, the aggregate loss in production and economic welfare (measured by consumption expenditures and utility) is less under a policy which stresses reliance on alternative fuels than through one that requires the installation of pollution abatement devices.     

优化书库环境加强图书保护

通过分析损害图书的各种自然因素,阐明优化书库环境、加强图书保护的重要性。     

影响多媒体课件教学效果的因素分析

随着多媒体技术的发展,多媒体技术对教育改革起了很大的推进作用。本文通过在学生中对多媒体课件教学效果的调查,从多媒体教学课件在教学中的作用和地位、制作的过程以及使用者的出发点等方面,对影响到多媒体教学效果的因素进行了分析并提出了自己的解决方法。     

跟踪学科前沿，引导学科发展——《农业工程学报》的发展探索

论述了《农业工程学报》跟踪农业工程学科发展的成功经验，详细分析了未来《农业工程学报》跟踪学科各个专业的报道方向。指出随着学科的发展及时调整学术期刊的报道方向是科技学术期刊的任务和职责，是使期刊保证及时反映相关学科的发展，保持在学科发展中应有的促进作用，在众多期刊的竞争中立于不败之地的保证。在充分分析中国学术期刊面临的形势和问题、机遇与挑战的基础上，提出了学术期刊如何规避不利因素等应对策略，为中国科技学术期刊的发展提供参考。     

定位拟南芥中生物钟核心调控元件

生物钟在动物植物生理调节中都发挥着重要的作用,但是目前对于其调节机制的了解仍然十分有限。在植物中存在白昼和夜晚的振荡器,这些振荡器包含了拟南芥中已经发现的一些相关的生物钟基因。目前的模型认为白昼振荡器相关基因     

Peculiar properties of the composition of the organic matter of the original forest Phaeozems soils of the northeast of Kostroma oblast

The composition of the organic matter of the forest Phaeozem soil of Kostroma oblast, which is unusual in its genesis, was investigated by the method of physical fractionation. The Phaeozems were formed in an automorphic position on loamy sediments of Triasic age. The carbon distribution in fractions of organic substance (OS) is the evidence of the hydromorphic nature of the OS origin. A hypothesis about the cause of the formation of the modern organic profile of the soil during evolution is discussed.     

Spatial variability of the soil properties of the uneven-aged pine forest stands of the landscape garden of the Arkhangelsk Estate

The objects of the study are lime-pine and pine-lime park communities of different age at the Arkhangelsk Estate situated near Moscow. In this research, we study spatial variability of the soil properties depending on the type of studied soil cover parcels and with regard to areas under the crowns and near the trunks. The article shows the influence of the grass cover parcel structure on the properties of the soil. The humidity, the content of carbon and nitrogen, and basal and substrate-induced soil respiration are higher in the 120-year-old pine forest stand than in the 80-year-old one. This is explained by the fact that with the increasing age of the pine phytocenoses, we can observe an increase in diversity of species composition, complication of volumetric-spatial structure due to the overgrowth of undergrowth and understory, changes in the volume of the crown, and dying out of old trees.     

齐口裂腹鱼集群行为对流态的响应

为研究齐口裂腹鱼集群行为对流速和紊动能的响应关系,该研究通过可变流场的试验水槽,结合鱼群轨迹分析及集群几何特征,定量研究了适宜齐口裂腹鱼集群的水流流速和紊动能区间。在试验中每组选择10尾平均鱼龄为3龄的齐口裂腹鱼,共两组,每组进行6次重复试验,每次试验让鱼群在3 m×14 m具有横向流速梯度的矩形水槽中游动10 min,之后提取和分析鱼群游泳轨迹,获取鱼群在不同水流流速、紊动能下的最近邻距离（Nearest Neighbor Distance,NND）,集群面积,游泳分离指数（Separation Swimming Index,SSI）。结果表明,齐口裂腹鱼在特定水力条件下具有明显集群行为,上溯过程中以队列模式的队形为主,当水流流速为0.27～0.70 m/s,紊动能为0.004～0.018 m2/s2时,齐口裂腹鱼群的NND为0～0.80 m,集群面积为0～5.00 m2,SSI为0～1.20,此时集群得最为紧凑,在凝聚力、排斥力上都变现的更好。因此,为使齐口裂腹鱼能够集群上溯,推荐鱼道等工程措施营造流速为0.27～0.70 m/s,紊动能为0.004～0.018 m2/s2的水力学条件,从而对过鱼设施水流流态和水利调度进行优化。