施氮量对玉米/大豆套作系统土壤微生物数量及土壤酶活性的影响

为揭示玉米/大豆套作体系下土壤氮素转换的调控机理和根际微生态效应,以种植模式为主因素[设玉米单作(MM)、大豆单作(SS)和玉米/大豆套作(IMS)3种处理],以玉米、大豆施氮总量(玉米、大豆施氮比例为3∶1)为副因素[设不施氮(NN,0 kg?hm~(-2))、减量施氮(RN,180 kg?hm~(-2))和常量施氮(CN,240 kg?hm~(-2))3个处理],研究了玉米/大豆套作系统下不同施氮量对作物根际土壤微生物数量及土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明:与相应单作相比,套作下玉米根际土壤真菌、放线菌数量分别提高25.37%和8.79%;套作大豆根际土壤真菌、放线菌、固氮菌数量高于单作大豆;套作玉米根际土壤蛋白酶、脲酶活性和套作大豆根际土壤蛋白酶活性均显著升高。各施氮水平间,减量施氮下玉米、大豆根际土壤真菌数量较常量施氮和不施氮均有所提高;施氮提高了玉米、大豆根际土壤放线菌数量;大豆根际土壤固氮菌数量以减量施氮最高,比不施氮和常量施氮高17.78%和5.67%;玉米根际土壤蛋白酶活性、脲酶活性和大豆根际土壤脲酶活性均以减量施氮为最高。适宜的施氮量不仅能增加玉米/大豆套作土壤中真菌、放线菌、固氮菌的数量,还能提高土壤蛋白酶、脲酶活性,调节土壤氮素的转化,促进玉米/大豆对土壤中氮素的吸收,实现节能增效。     

低钾胁迫对不同基因型大豆生长发育的影响

盆栽条件下,通过低钾和施钾两个处理,研究低钾胁迫对不同基因型大豆生长发育的影响。结果表明:在低钾胁迫下,不同基因型大豆的株高、茎粗、分枝数和植株干重均减少,T40的株高和植株干重减少的最小,仅减少1.1%和3.4%;低钾还造成不同基因型大豆主茎节数增加,增加最多的是九农22。在低钾胁迫下,耐低钾品种T40单株荚数增加9%,每荚粒数降低10%,单株粒数降低2%,百粒重降低10%;不耐低钾的大豆品种GD8521单株荚数降低18%,每荚粒数降低10%,单株粒数降低26%,百粒重降低16%。由于产量性状的互作,耐低钾的大豆品种产量保持稳定。     

红壤旱地玉米对间作大豆和花生边行效应影响的研究

为深入了解间作豆科作物的边行效应,研究了低施氮肥条件下(50 kg·hm-2)玉米对间作大豆和花生边行(叶绿素、叶面积指数、根干重、根瘤、农艺性状及产量)的影响。结果表明:无论在施氮肥和不施氮肥条件下间作大豆和花生边1行和边2行的叶绿素含量在不同生育时期均高于其单作,而边3行与单作相比变化不明显。间作同样可以增加大豆和花生不同生育时期边1行和边2行的叶面积指数,而对边3行无明显影响,且间作的效果小于该施氮水平。不施氮条件下,间作大豆边1行和边2行的单株根干重高于单作14.7%和2.8%,间作花生边1行和边2行高于单作16.5%和3.1%;施氮条件下,间作大豆边1行和边2行的单株根干重高于单作11.3%和1.3%,间作花生边1行和边2行高于单作13.5%和4.6%,而边3行与单作相比无明显变化,且该施氮肥的效果大于间作。间作同样可以增加大豆和花生边1行和边2行成熟期的单株根瘤数和根瘤重,而对边3行无明显影响,而该施氮水平对根瘤数和根瘤重具有一定的抑制作用。施氮肥和间作可以改善大豆和花生的农艺性状,以施氮肥条件下边1行优势最为明显。不施氮肥和施氮肥条件下间作大豆和花生边1行和边2行的单株经济产量和生物产量及行产量皆高于相应单作,并以边1行为最高,而边3行与单作相比变化不明显,且施氮肥在改善大豆和花生农艺性状提高产量方面的效果大于间作。因此本试验得出间作边行优势效应为边1行>边2行>边3行(单作),且施氮肥的效果大于间作边行效应。     

根系分隔方式对玉米/大豆根际土壤碳含量及磷有效性的影响

【目的】豆科与禾本科间作体系中对磷有效性的影响主要集中在根系分泌物的活化作用,由根际沉淀引起的土壤碳含量与磷酸酶活性变化及其对红壤磷有效性的影响机制尚不清楚。【方法】本研究以间作玉米大豆为研究对象,设置根系完全分隔、尼龙网分隔、不分隔3种方式,在0、21.83、43.67、65.50和87.34 P mg kg-1（分别记为P0、P1、P2、P3和P4）磷肥施用水平下进行盆栽试验,研究根系分隔方式对间作玉米大豆根际土壤微生物量碳（MBC）、溶解性有机碳（DOC）、根际土壤有机碳（ROC）、酸性磷酸酶活性（ACP）、碱性磷酸酶活性（ALP）、速效磷和Hedley磷组分的影响。【结果】相比完全分隔,根系不分隔可提高玉米和大豆根际土壤MBC含量,显著降低玉米根际土壤DOC含量,低磷水平（P0、P1）时显著提高大豆DOC含量,显著提高玉米（仅在低磷时）和大豆根际土壤ACP活性,低磷时显著提高大豆根际土壤ALP活性。除玉米活性磷组分外,根系分隔方式对间作玉米大豆根际土壤速效磷、磷组分有显著或极显著影响。根系不分隔较完全分隔可通过降低大豆根际活性无机磷（Pi）(P0除外)和中活性Pi从而提高玉米根...     

13个大豆品种在甘肃不同生态区的适应性分析

对13个大豆品种在甘肃不同生态区进行了产量鉴定并分析其适应性。结果表明,不同品种在不同生态区产量及适应性表现各异。其中陇中黄601平均单株荚数60.7个、单株粒数126.9个、单株粒重30.55 g、百粒重24.07 g,中作071平均单株荚数67.1个,单株粒数162.3个、单株粒重30.16 g、百粒重18.59 g,2个品种具有协调的群体结构能充分发挥品种的产量潜力。陇中黄601产量达到3 261.11 kg/hm2,较对照晋豆19增产16.70%,互作效应值0.864 4,互作方差0.271,互作变异系数8.86%;中作071产量为3 033.33 kg/hm2,增产8.55%,互作效应值0.450 3,互作方差0.009,互作变异系数1.77%。2个品种均表现出较高的丰产和稳产能力,在不同生态区表现出较好的适应性,可在甘肃省中东部旱地和河西灌区种植。     

玉米-大豆带状间作对大豆生长、光合荧光特性及产量的影响

为了探究玉米-大豆间作对大豆生长策略、光合荧光特性及产量的影响,以大豆品种中黄39为试材,采用玉米-大豆带状间作和大豆净作2种不同的种植模式,研究间作下大豆的形态、物质分配及光合荧光参数的变化规律。结果表明,间作大豆植株的株高在四节期(V4期)、始荚期(R3期)和鼓粒期(R6期)分别比净作增加22.47%、47.33%和32.72%。在V4期,间作大豆除株高显著高于净作外,大豆茎粗、主茎节数、茎叶柄生物量和叶绿素含量在净作和间作下均差异不显著。在R3和R6期,间作大豆植株的茎、柄生物量显著增加,但叶生物量、叶绿素a含量、叶绿素总含量及净光合速率(Pn)显著低于净作大豆。对于叶绿素荧光参数,间作大豆叶片非光化学淬灭系数(NPQ)在V4、R3和R6期分别显著高出净作大豆12.2%、5.04%和7.2%,而间作大豆叶片的PSII实际的光化学量子效率(F'q/F'm)、光化学淬灭系数(q P)和PSII反应中心潜在的激发能捕获效率(F_v/F_m)与净作大豆相比差异不显著。在产量构成因素中,间作大豆的单株荚数、单株粒数、百粒重及单株产量均显著低于净作,分别降低27.78%、12.33%、20.72%。间作下玉米对大豆生育后期的生长、光合特性的影响直接导致大豆产量及构成因素的下降。因此,在玉米-大豆带状间作种植模式下,要提高间作大豆产量,需降低大豆生育后期玉米荫蔽程度。本研究结果为间作大豆栽培及高产提供了一定的依据。     

免耕和秸秆还田对土壤酶活性和微生物群落的影响

利用在中国科学院封丘农业生态实验站的玉米-小麦轮作保护性耕作定位实验平台,研究了免耕+秸秆还田、免耕、常耕+秸秆还田、常耕4种耕作方式对玉米生长期内土壤酶活性和土壤微生物群落的影响。结果表明:土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、脱氢酶和转化酶活性为免耕处理大于常耕处理,有秸秆还田处理大于无秸秆还田处理,以免耕+秸秆处理最高,常耕处理最低;玉米不同生育时期,脲酶和碱性磷酸酶分别在苗期和吐丝期出现峰值,转化酶和脱氢酶在苗期较低,增加至吐丝期达到峰值,至成熟期又降至低值;微生物各类群数量表现为免耕处理大于常耕处理,有秸秆处理大于无秸秆处理;土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶和转化酶与细菌、真菌、放线菌数量呈显著或极显著正相关关系,脱氢酶仅与放线菌数量呈极显著相关关系。     

隔根与接种 FM 对红壤上玉米/大豆植株生长及氮素利用的影响

【目的】探讨接种摩西管柄囊霉 (Funneliformis mosseae,FM) 和不同隔根处理对红壤上间作植株生长、植株氮吸收量和土壤氮的影响。【方法】采用盆栽模拟试验,设不同菌根处理[不接种 (NM)、接种 (FM)]与玉米/大豆不同隔根处理 (根系不分隔、部分分隔、完全分隔)。【结果】接种 FM 的玉米、大豆根系均有一定的侵染,菌根侵染率在部分分隔处理下最低。间作根系的分隔处理对玉米和大豆的菌根依赖性产生了明显影响,大豆的菌根依赖性随间作交互作用强度的加大而增加。无论何种隔根处理,接种 FM 均显著增加了玉米植株生物量,其地上部生物量高出 NM 处理 11.7%～81.4%,根系生物量高出 NM 处理 18.8%～166.7%。根系分隔处理下,接种 FM 均显著降低了大豆生物量。同一隔根方式下,接种 FM 明显提高了玉米的植株氮吸收量和根系氮吸收效率。在不分隔处理下,接种 FM 显著增加了大豆的地上部氮吸收量,但在部分分隔和完全分隔处理下则反而有所下降;在部分分隔处理下,接种 FM 显著降低了大豆根系的氮吸收量,在不分隔和完全分隔处理下亦呈下降趋势。在部分分隔处理下,接种 FM 显著提高了大豆根系氮吸收效率,在完全分隔处理下反而有明显下降,且在 NM–不分隔处理下的大豆根系氮吸收效率最低。相关分析显示,玉米、大豆植株氮吸收量与土壤碱解氮含量呈显著负相关。【结论】接种丛枝菌根真菌 (AMF) 和隔根方式的组合能不同程度地影响玉米和大豆对氮的吸收利用及间作植株的生长,并能对土壤有效氮产生较大影响。所有的复合处理中,AMF和间作根系部分分隔处理组合对玉米和大豆生长及氮素利用的促进作用较好,并能有效降低土壤碱解氮的残留。     

根系互作对谷子和花生间作体系根际微生物碳代谢的影响

间作系统因其产量优势及生态功能在全世界都广泛应用,尤其是禾本科与豆科作物的优势组合,但该间作体系中作物根系互作对碳代谢特性的影响尚不明确。通过2年田间试验结合盆栽模拟根系分隔(根系无互作;根系部分互作;根系完全互作)方法,采用Biolog技术研究了不同种植模式对谷子和花生籽粒产量、土地生产力及土壤微生物碳源利用特征的影响。2017～2018年田间试验结果表明,2种间作模式下土地当量比(LER)均大于1,尤其是谷子-花生2∶2模式LER于2018年达到1.36,表明禾本科作物谷子与豆科作物花生体系是具有产量优势的间作系统。室内盆栽研究结果表明,间作模式下谷子的生物量与产量分别增加了49.0%和92.6%,花生则增加了11.1%和44.6%,谷子与花生的收获指数(HI)也显著增加。与完全分隔无根系互作相比,根系互作促进了根际微生物碳源利用效率,谷子与花生根际微生物对31种碳源平均利用率分别增加了19.6%和72.2%。土壤微生物对6大碳源种类的平均利用以糖类和氨基酸类为主,对酚酸类利用率最低。主成分分析结果表明,间作与部分间作花生对根际土壤碳源利用率显著高于谷子与花生单作,而单作花生对碳源利用率最低。Shannon指数和Simpson指数研究结果表明,间作提高了土壤群落微生物多样性和均匀度。禾本科作物谷子与豆科作物花生间作体系通过根系互作提高了生物量积累,促进了地下部根际微生物对底物碳源利用,增强了微生物群落结构多样性,这对深入解读地下根系互作驱动的间作体系优势互补机理具有重要意义。     

棉花与不同作物同穴互作育苗对土壤微生物、 酶活性和根系分泌物的影响

为了探明两苗互作育苗提高棉苗素质的机理,本试验在塑料温棚2030℃、 自然光照条件下,采用532280 mm2具有200方形孔的塑料育苗盘,用土壤作基质,以棉花单作育苗为对照,研究了棉花分别与小麦、 玉米、 谷子和高粱同穴互作育苗对土壤微生物、 酶活性及根系分泌物的影响。结果表明, 随互作苗的加入,育苗土壤中细菌和放线菌数量显著增加,真菌数显著降低; 脱氢酶、 中性磷酸酶、 转化酶和脲酶活性显著提高; 2,4-二叔丁基苯酚、 2,6-二叔丁基苯酚、 邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和9-16碳烯酸甲酯根系分泌物的积累量显著减少,棉苗则表现为根系活力、 叶片可溶性糖含量和ATP含量显著提高,增加了棉苗根重、 苗重和侧根数,棉苗离床存活期延长,栽后缓苗期缩短。在四种互作处理中,以棉花+小麦、 棉花+谷子处理中棉苗素质表现较好。综上,两苗同穴互作育苗改善了育苗土壤微生物数量和结构,这可能是提高土壤酶活性和降低土壤有害根系分泌物积累的主要原因,进而提高了棉苗素质。     

Breeding soybean for resistance to iron-deficiency chlorosis and soybean cyst nematode

Abstract

Iron-deficiency chlorosis (IDC) and soybean cyst nematode (SCN) result in yield and income losses for soybean growers in the U.S. Breeding programs are identifying soybean genotypes with resistance to IDC using calcareous soils infested with SCN, where SCN might interfere with evaluation. Our first objective was to examine whether associations could be established for chlorosis symptoms with SCN infestation of soybean grown on SCN-infested calcareous soils. Two breeding populations, their parents, and five SCN-susceptible, IDC-control genotypes (IDC controls) were evaluated for IDC symptoms on SCN-infested calcareous soils in 2000 and 2001. In general, no significant correlations were detected between chlorosis expression and SCN infestation in either year, although a negative correlation (r = ?0.93, p ≤ 0.05) was observed for the IDC controls in 2001. For our second objective, we examined the relationship between genotype resistance to SCN and IDC. Although IDC controls were all equally susceptible to SCN and chlorosis observed in the field and nutrient solution was similar, SCN-resistant genotypes expressed resistance to IDC in the field, but severe susceptibility to IDC in nutrient solution. Our third objective was to investigate the value of calcareous soil properties to predict IDC in soybean grown on SCN-infested calcareous soils. For one breeding population in 2001, positive correlations (p ≤ 0.05) were detected for chlorosis with calcium carbonate (r = 0.62) and electrical conductivity (r = 0.59), and a negative correlation (r = –0.41) with soil Fe-DTPA-TEA. No significant correlations were observed for the remaining genotypes. Our study indicated that associations between IDC, SCN, and calcareous soil properties are dependent on genotype and environment. In addition, our study demonstrated a potential association between plant health and SCN reproduction in SCN-susceptible genotypes, the possibility that SCNresistant genotypes may be sensitive to iron availability, and the importance of genotype on the detection of associations between IDC expression and SCN infestation.     

Soil boron and soybean leaf boron in relation to soybean yield

Abstract

Boron applied in 2 soybean field experiments at rates up to 2.12 kg/ha was not detectable in Ap or B₂ horizon soil extracts approximately 6 weeks after B addition, although leaf B contents reflected added B. There was a measurable difference between the 2 fields in extractable B. Where the Ap horizon averaged 0.05 ppm B, soybean leaf content ranged 14 to 40 ppm B and no yield response was obtained with 0.56 to 2.24 kg/ha of added B. Where the Ap horizon averaged 0.11 ppm B, and leaf content reached 63 ppm B, soybean yield was reduced approximately two‐thirds by 2.24 kg/ha of added B.

Data from these 2 field experiments and previous micronutrient field studies, where yield response to B fertilization was obtained when leaf B was 9 to 10 ppm in soybean leaves, suggest that plant tissue analyses for B can be used to evaluate B fertilization needs. Soil tests may not be useful for detecting B deficiency in coarse‐textured soils, but may aid in detection of areas where B levels are high.     

Nutrient mobilization and yield of soybean genotypes

Abstract

Mobilization of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium from leaf and carpel tissue during seed growth was estimated for 18 diverse, field‐grown soybean lines and cultivars during two years. The objective was to determine whether lines differed in nutrient mobilization and, if so, whether such differences were related to yielding ability.

Lines differed in nutrient concentration and tissue mass and in nutrient content, both at beginning of seed growth and at plant maturity. Mobilization from leaves and carpels potentially supplied up to 47, 23, and 29% of seed N, P, and K. Leaves were three to four times more important than carpels as sources of seed N and K and nearly twice as important as sources of P.

Only mobilized leaf N exhibited a relationship with seed yield (r = 0.73^?? in 1978 and 0.43^? in 1979). Leaf N mobilization was not heritable (correlation between years for line means was 0.09) in our environment, but might be more so under N‐stress conditions. The major determinant of mobilizable N was leaf mass at beginning of seed growth.     

Carbon and nitrogen supplementation to soybean through stem injection and its effect on soybean plant senescence

Plant senescence studies have indicated that internal competition for nutrients such as carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) can be an important factor in the initiation of senescence. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the effect of increased supplies of C and N on senescence of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr) plants. Soybean plants were injected with solutions of sucrose (150gL^‐1), N (15 mM N), and distilled water from the onset of flowering until senescence using a modified stem injection technique. The average uptake rate of all solutions was 1.3 mL d^‐1 per plant. The plants injected with sucrose accumulated the most biomass, followed by those injected with N and distilled water. Soybean plants injected with sucrose senesced 17 days later than the distilled water control while senescence was not delayed for plants injected with N. Injection of either N or sucrose increased the concentration and content of N in soybean plants. The results indicated that intra‐plant‐competition for reduced C plays an important role in plant senescence. Because the total amount of N injected was only 2% of the total plant N, as compared to 31 % for C, the role of intra‐plant competition for N was less clear.     

连作土壤盆栽大豆的根际酸度和微生物数量变化

连作土壤条件下，不同抗性品种的根际微生物变化不同。盆栽试验结果表明，连作条件下，抗病品种绥农10号和抗线2号根际环境pH中性偏碱，不利病原真菌生长；感病品种合丰25号根际则处于偏酸环境，使作物易于感染根腐病。抗性大豆品种绥农10号和抗线2号的根际细菌数量增加，真菌数量减少；感病品种合丰25号的细菌和真菌数量变化不显著。     

Yield components of soybean plants infected with soybean cyst nematode and sprayed with foliar applications of boron and magnesium 1

Investigations into the effect of soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines, Ichinoe) on the yield components of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] have shown that pod numbers are reduced with increasing SCN initial populations (Pi) present in the soil at planting. The main method by which SCN alters pod numbers is through reductions in the number of branches per plant. Foliar applications of boron (B) and B in combination with magnesium (Mg) (B+Mg) increase yield of soybean not infected with SCN by increasing pod number per plant, especially the number of pods on branches. The objective of this research was to determine if foliar applications of B and B+Mg ameliorates the effect of SCN by increasing yield on branches. Field experiments were conducted in 1993 and 1994 in 1 m² microplots to compare foliar applied B and B+Mg to a control treatment. Foliar applications were made at four intervals spaced throughout soybean reproductive development of Pioneer brand 9391, an SCN susceptible cultivar. There were 12 levels of SCN Pi in 1993 and 11 levels in 1994. For each treatment, including control, grain yield was regressed on SCN Pi. Yield was reduced with increasing SCN Pi in both years, but the rate of decrease did not differ among treatments. In addition, ANOVA of yield components revealed no treatment effects on the number of branches per plant, the number of branch pods per plant, or the total number of pods per plant. Thus, foliar applications of B or B+Mg did not ameliorate the effects of SCN on soybean.     

Synthesis of diethylamine-functionalized soybean oil

Specialty chemicals based on renewable resources are desirable commodities due to their eco-friendly nature and "green" product characteristics. These chemicals can demonstrate physical and chemical properties comparable to those of conventional petroleum-based products. Suitably functionalized amines in the triacylglycerol structure can function as an antioxidant, as well as an antiwear/antifriction agent. In addition, the amphiphilic nature of seed oils makes them an excellent candidate as base fluid. The reaction of amine and epoxidized seed oils in the presence of a catalyst almost always leads to different intra/intermolecular cross-linked products. In most cases, the triacylglycerol structure is lost due to disruption of the ester linkage. Currently, there is no reported literature describing the aminolysis of vegetable oil without cross-linking. Here the epoxy group of the epoxidized soybean oil has been selectively reacted with amines to give amine-functionalized soybean oil. The optimization procedure involved various amines and catalysts for maximum aminolysis, without cross-linking and disruption of the ester linkage. Diethylamine and ZnCl2 were found to be the best. NMR, IR, and nitrogen analysis were used to characterize the products.     

大豆蛋白热变性程度对速溶豆腐花粉凝胶成型的影响

针对速溶豆腐花粉的制备工艺中需要对大豆进行热处理,热处理过程中大豆蛋白的热变性程度对豆腐花粉凝结的凝胶强度与凝结所需的时间具有显著影响,而现在速溶豆腐花粉的工业生产中还没有对豆浆热处理程度较为合适的标准。该文以大豆、大豆分离蛋白(soybean protein isolate,SPI)、大豆球蛋白(glycinin,11S)、β-伴大豆球蛋白(beta-conglycinin,7S)为原料,研究大豆蛋白热变性程度对速溶豆腐花粉凝胶成型的影响。研究表明11S比7S更难发生完全变性,SPI中的7S和11S比单独存在的7S、11S更难发生完全变性。传统制备方式、前热处理后喷雾干燥或冷冻干燥制备方式、先喷雾干燥或冷冻干燥后热处理制备方式对豆腐花凝结成型影响不同,其中传统方式制备的豆腐花凝胶效果最好,先干燥后热处理制备的豆粉凝胶效果比前热处理后干燥的豆粉好,引起豆腐花凝胶强度差异的主要原因是大豆蛋白中7S和11S热变性程度不同。制备同一凝胶强度的豆腐花,热处理温度越低,所需的热处理时间越长;制备高凝胶强度的豆腐花比制备低凝胶强度的豆腐花所能进行的热处理温度与时间范围小。大豆蛋白的7S处于完全变性而11S处于未完全变性的状态时,适合制备速溶豆腐花粉的大豆蛋白变性程度应控制热处理温度与时间范围为80℃时热处理20~65 min,85℃时热处理15~50 min,90℃时热处理10~35 min,95℃时热处理5~20 min。该研究结果为调控速溶豆腐花粉的凝胶特性提供理论依据。     

Effect of methanol on soybean photosynthesis and chlorophyll

Recently, an increase in the growth and yield of C3 plants in arid environments due to foliar application of methanol has been reported. The mechanism for these changes is not clear as little information is available on the changes in photosynthesis and chlorophyll content of plants caused by methanol application. The objective of this study was to measure the net photosynthesis (PN) and chlorophyll (CHL‐a, b) formation in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] by foliar applications of methanol at the pod‐filling R5) stage. No changes were found in PN or CHL content with 0, 25, or 50% (v/v) methanol during 1, 2 or 3 weekly applications. Seed weight, seed yield, and pod number (per plant) were significantly higher for plants treated with methanol. A single application of methanol (25%) resulted in the highest increase in soybean growth and yield.     

硼钼肥浸种对鲜食大豆的增产效果

试验于2006年在泰顺县司前镇台边村进行;供试土壤为泥砂田,0~20 cm土壤有机质含量3.1%、全氮(N)0.151%、速效磷(P2O5)12.4 mg/kg、速效钾(K2O)148 mg/kg、pH 5.5、有效硼(B)0.14 mg/kg、有效钼(Mo)0.12 mg/kg;供试作物为大豆,品种为台75.