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《农业研究与应用》2021,34(4)
昭平县野生茶树资源丰富,为更好的应用开发,本文对分别采自该县不同区域的11大种类野生茶树种质资源进行了有效成分测定及适制性分析,并尝试对部分种质资源进行了无性繁殖试验。结果表明:11个野生茶样品水浸出物含量在30.40%~57.40%,茶多酚含量在7.50%~30.10%,游离氨基酸的含量在1.90%~3.60%,儿茶素总量在1.40%~18.00%,咖啡碱的含量在0.10%~5.73%,蛋白质的含量在7.05%~24.40%,总黄酮的含量在0.30%~1.10%;适合开发各种茶类;其中有4类资源适宜制作绿茶,7类资源红绿茶兼制。以6大种类野生茶树种质资源进行无性繁殖技术试验,1叶1芽枝条成活率为77.89%,2叶2芽枝条成活率为84.67%。 相似文献
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为寒地沙棘种质资源开发利用、新品种选育提供科学依据,开展寒地沙棘种质资源果实品质分析及综合评价,筛选果实品质优异的沙棘资源。以22份寒地沙棘种质资源果实为试材,测定果实10项品质指标,进行变异分析、相关性分析、主成分分析和系统聚类分析,构建综合评价模型,计算果实品质综合得分并排序。不同沙棘种质资源果实品质指标变异系数分布在9.339%~62.528%之间,其中糖酸比变异程度最大,果实横径变异程度最小。各个品质指标间存在不同程度的相关性。主成分分析提取了3个主成分,累积贡献率为86.053%。根据3个主成分得分和相应的权重进行线性加权,建立了沙棘种质资源果实品质综合评价模型,综合得分较高的是‘小柳树’、‘侍丛’、‘向阳’、HS-12。系统聚类分析将22份沙棘种质资源分为3类,分类结果与主成分综合评价结果基本一致。综合评价模型得出:‘小柳树’、‘侍丛’、‘向阳’、HS-12为寒地沙棘优异种质资源,研究结果为沙棘种质资源利用与新品种选育提供参考依据。 相似文献
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本文采用AFLP技术对34个凤凰单丛古茶树资源进行了种质鉴定分析。结果显示,筛选出多态性较高的5对引物中,引物组合E41M42、E41M39和E41M33可鉴别出供试的全部资源,鉴别效率为100%;有23份资源具有特异带,占供试材料的67.6%。由此研究表明,AFLP技术可以通过特异带、特异的谱带类型、不同引物提供谱带的组合将凤凰单丛古茶树资源区分开来,这对保护凤凰单丛古茶树资源的育种产权、登录新品种、鉴定和检测其种子与苗木的真实性和纯度具有重要的现实意义。 相似文献
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为了揭示远志种质资源遗传多样性地理分布的特点和种质资源群体间的遗传关系,并筛选出相对合理的评价指标,本研究利用形态性状数据以及3个主要指标成分(远志皂苷、远志𠮿酮Ⅲ和3,6'-二芥子酰基蔗糖)含量,对省内11个不同来源的26份和省外7个不同来源的16份三年生远志进行遗传多样性分析。研究发现远志在形态性状以及指标成分含量上具有明显差异,变异系数和遗传多样性指数分别在13%~49%、19%~30%和0.7~1.7、0.9~1.4之间;远志𠮿酮Ⅲ含量与花色深度呈极显著正相关性,与株高呈显著正相关性,与木芯粗呈极显著负相关性;3,6'-二芥子酰基蔗糖含量与细叶远志皂苷含量呈显著正相关性,与株高呈极显著负相关性;细叶远志皂苷含量与茎分支数呈显著负相关性。主成分分析将15个指标简化为4个因子,累计贡献率达67.764%;形态性状和指标成分含量的聚类分析结果均将远志分为三大类群,但各类群成员并不一致,利用综合评价F值筛选出8份优良种质;各种质的综合得分范围为-1.15~1.23;利用逐步回归分析筛选到远志种质评价的7个关键性指标,分别为茎分支、叶色、花色、根重、木芯重、远志𠮿酮Ⅲ含量和3,6'-二芥子酰基蔗糖含量。综上所述,参试远志种质资源主要形态性状和指标成分的遗传多样性较为丰富,变异幅度较大。本研究从42份种质资源中筛选出8份综合表现良好的优异单株,可用于进一步开发和利用,为远志种质创新利用、品种改良提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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利用SRAP和ISSR标记分析广东茶树种质资源的遗传多样性 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
利用EST-SSR标记对云南134份茶树资源遗传多样性和亲缘关系进行了分析。30对引物共检测到等位位点127个,平均每对引物产生423个;共检测到263个基因型,平均每对引物所扩增的基因型有88个;遗传多态性信息含量平均达0501,高于其它地区的相关研究结果,表明云南茶树资源具有丰富的遗传多样性。资源间的平均遗传距离和相似系数分别为0413和0597,说明资源间的遗传差异比较大,遗传基础较宽。聚类可将134份资源划分为4大组。8个种群间的遗传相似系数变异范围为0753~0981,平均遗传相似系数为0891,表明不同种群间的遗传差异比较小。云南茶树资源间亲缘关系的揭示为今后茶树资源保存和新品种选育提供了一定理论依据。 相似文献
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EST-SSR分析云南茶树资源的遗传多样性和亲缘关系 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用EST-SSR标记对云南134份茶树资源遗传多样性和亲缘关系进行了分析。30对引物共检测到等位位点127个,平均每对引物产生423个;共检测到263个基因型,平均每对引物所扩增的基因型有88个;遗传多态性信息含量平均达0501,高于其它地区的相关研究结果,表明云南茶树资源具有丰富的遗传多样性。资源间的平均遗传距离和相似系数分别为0413和0597,说明资源间的遗传差异比较大,遗传基础较宽。聚类可将134份资源划分为4大组。8个种群间的遗传相似系数变异范围为0753~0981,平均遗传相似系数为0891,表明不同种群间的遗传差异比较小。云南茶树资源间亲缘关系的揭示为今后茶树资源保存和新品种选育提供了一定理论依据。 相似文献
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Chenkai Jiang Wenfang Zhao Zhen Zeng Xingfei Lai Chunlan Wu Sisi Yuan Yahui Huang Xu Zhang 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2018,65(1):217-227
Components of 29 wild type tea single plants collected from Dayao Mountain, in Guangxi province, South China, were investigated. They included tea polyphenols, free amino acids, catechin, amino acid and alkaloid monomers etc. Genetic diversity and clustering analyses were conducted based on the main biochemical components. Meanwhile, genetic relationships among 6 wild type tea plants representing 3 tea populations of Daoyao Mountain with 15 tea varieties grown in Yunnan, Guangdong, Hunan, Fujian provinces were analyzed by random amplified polymorphic DNA. The results showed that wild type tea plants from Dayao Mountain were of rich genetic diversity. Furthermore, some tea germplasms with high quality, including high contents of amino acids, high epigallocatechin gallate, and high caffeine have been discovered. These wild type tea germplasms are of high values for further development values due to their geographical uniqueness. 相似文献
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Stalmach A Edwards CA Wightman JD Crozier A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(17):9512-9522
Analysis of Concord grape juice by HPLC with ESI-MS(n), PDA, and fluorescence detection resulted in the identification and quantification of 60 flavonoids and related phenolic compounds, which were present at an overall concentration of 1508 ± 31 μmol/L. A total of 25 anthocyanins were detected, which were mono- and di-O-glucosides, O-acetylglucosides, O-p-coumaroyl-O-diglucosides, and O-p-coumaroylglucosides of delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, peonidin, and malvidin. The anthocyanins represented 46% of the total phenolic content of the juice (680 μmol/L). Tartaric esters of hydroxycinnamic acids, namely, trans-caftaric and trans-coutaric acids, and to a lesser extent trans-fertaric acid accounted for 29% of the phenolic content, with a total concentration of 444 μmol/L, of which 85% comprised trans-caftaric acid. Free hydroxycinnamic acids were also quantified but contributed to <1% of the total phenolic content (8.4 μmol/L). The other groups of polyphenolic compounds present in the juice, accounting for 24% of the total, comprised monomeric and oligomeric units of (epi)catechin and (epi)gallocatechin (248 μmol/L), flavonols (76 μmol/L), gallic acid (51 μmol/L), and trans-resveratrol (1.5 μmol/L). The bioavailability of the (poly)phenolic compounds in 350 mL of juice was investigated following acute intake by healthy volunteers. Plasma and urine were collected over 0-24 h and analyzed for parent compounds and metabolites. In total, 41 compounds, principally metabolites, were identified. 相似文献
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本文利用RAPD分子标记技术,对4个湖南典型茶树地理种群的240个单株的遗传多样性、种群内和种群间的遗传变异进行研究,结果表明:21个10碱基随机引物共检测到226条谱带,其中多态性谱带为201条,占88.9%。遗传多样性分析结果显示:Shannon's多样性指数为0.43,74.7%的变异分布于群体内,而种群间变异占了25.3%;Nei's指数群体总基因多样度(HT)为0.37,群体内平均基因多样度(HS)0.28,群体间的基因多样度(HST)0.09,群体Nei's基因分化系数(GST)为0.23,说明76.7%的变异存在于种群间,群体内的变异占了总变异的23.3%,与Shannon's多样性指数相比基本一致,均表明种群内有较丰富的遗传变异;种群间的基因流(Nm)为0.74,显示种群间的基因交流有限。 相似文献
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土壤pH值和有机质是土壤肥力的重要指标,土壤中的酚酸类物质也是一类重要的有机物质,与pH值和有机质关系复杂。本文以四川省名山区茶园土壤为对象,研究植茶年限对土壤pH值、有机质和酚酸含量的影响,并探讨它们之间的相互关系。结果显示:随着植茶年限的延长,各土层土壤的pH值均呈现不同程度的下降趋势,即植茶10年植茶7年植茶5年植茶3年水稻土,表层土壤酸化明显;随着植茶年限的延长,土壤有机质、总酚和水溶性酚含量均呈增加趋势。相关分析表明,0~10 cm土层土壤中,总酚与土壤pH值呈负相关;10~20和30~40 cm土层土壤中,水溶性酚与土壤pH值呈负相关;10~20 cm土层土壤中,总酚与土壤有机质呈正相关;在10~20、20~30和30~40 cm土层土壤中,水溶性酚与土壤有机质呈正相关。说明植茶土壤酚酸含量的增加是影响土壤pH值下降和有机质含量升高的重要因素。 相似文献
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A standardized profiling method based on liquid chromatography with diode array and electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection (LC-DAD-ESI/MS) was applied to establish the phenolic profiles of 41 green teas and 25 fermented teas. More than 96 phenolic compounds were identified that allowed the teas to be organized into five groups. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) was the major phenolic component of green tea made from mature leaves (group 2), while green tea made from the younger buds and leaves (group 1) contained lower flavonoid concentrations. Partially fermented teas (group 3) contained one-half the EGCG content of the green tea. Fully fermented black teas (group 4) had a trace of EGCG, but contained theaflavins. Highly overfermented black tea (group 5) contained only trace amounts of flavonol glycosides and theaflavins. Over 30 phenolics are new for tea, and this is the first phenolic profile to simultaneously detect C- and O-glycosylated flavonoids, catechins, proanthocyanidins, phenolic acid derivatives, and purine alkaloids. 相似文献
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为深入了解番茄种质资源的遗传多样性,运用竞争性等位基因特异性PCR(KASP)技术,利用前期筛选出的60对多态性较高的单核苷酸多态性标记(SNP),对收集的504份番茄种质资源进行遗传多样性分析、聚类分析、主成分分析及群体结构分析。结果表明,60个SNP分子标记共检测到181个等位基因,基因多样性平均值为0.450,期望杂合率(He)平均值为0.069,多态性信息值(PIC)变化范围为0.171~0.583,平均值为0.381。在遗传距离为0.36时,504份番茄材料被划分为7个类群,各材料间的平均遗传距离为0.62;根据主成分分析结果将群体分为3个类群;基于SNP标记对参试材料进行群体结构分析,在K=3时,504份番茄种质资源被划分为3类。本研究筛选出的60对SNP标记的多态性为中度偏高,番茄种质资源遗传多样性较丰富,可为后续宁夏地区番茄的核心种质构建及种质资源的有效利用提供理论依据。 相似文献
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Nurmi A Nurmi T Mursu J Hiltunen R Voutilainen S 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(18):6916-6923
Despite the promising antioxidant action of Lamiaceae herbs in vitro, human studies on these potential sources of dietary antioxidants have remained scarce. In this work, the phenolic acids recovered in human urine after single ingestion of Origanum onites extract were analyzed. The excretion was increased 4- and 2-fold during 0-24 and 24-48 h of the follow-up, respectively. The mean increase in the excretion of phenolic compounds exceeded the ingested amount of identified phenolic acids. The result can be partly explained by rosmarinic acid, the main identified phenolic constituent in the extract, as well as flavonoids present in minor amounts, presumably being metabolized into a double amount of simple phenolic metabolites. Furthermore, unidentified phenolic constituents in the extract partly contribute to the excretory increase. The main metabolite, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, was excreted rapidly. The results show that constituents of oregano extract and, in particular, their metabolites may contribute to the dietary intake of phenolic antioxidants. 相似文献