银杏秋季覆盖实生播种育苗研究

银杏在秋季采用稻草、麦秸和地膜覆盖实生播种育苗,出苗齐和苗木质量,都好于不覆盖（CK）裸地播种育苗。其中：地膜覆盖的出苗期都比CK提早17 d,出苗率、苗木高度、苗木粗度和苗木根系长度,分别比CK平均提高38.0%、8.2cm、0.25cm、和18.9cm,大幅度提高了出苗率,降低了育苗成本,建议在生产中推广该项技术。     

银杏秋季播种育苗技术

银杏秋季播种育苗技术银杏播种育苗，过去多采用种子混沙冬季窖藏，春季人工催芽点播的育苗技术。近几年来，我们试验晚秋直播育苗，效果较好，与春季育苗相比，不仅省工省力，而且种子发芽率，保存率，苗木高生长量均有大幅度提高，其中发芽率、苗木高生长量可分别提高２...     

银杏自然种胚率和出苗率的调查研究

银杏自然种胚率和出苗率的调查研究王孝锋，师平均，王建灵，武同成（河南省嵩县林业局）银杏种子自然受粉受精程度和种胚发育与出苗，壮苗培育关系甚大。摸清种胚形态品质和播种出苗规律，将为银杏大面积播种育苗和降低苗木成本提供科学依据。１调查方法和材料来源银杏种...     

银杏播种育苗技术

银杏种子播种育苗试验,采用两种不同处理种子的育苗对比,在于摸索适应浦城的土壤气候环境银杏种子播种育苗的基本技术.试验表明,在浦城的土壤气候环境条件下,银杏种子经过催芽处理后育苗,其一年生苗木平均高和平均地茎分别比没有催芽过的种子育苗要高23.0％和116.0％,平均单株侧根数增加128％;使用银杏催芽种子播种育苗,适应浦城的土壤气候环境,苗木生长健壮.     

观赏银杏的栽培及管理

<正>银杏主要分布在山东,江苏,四川,河北,湖北,河南等地。观赏品种有叶籽银杏、金带银杏、多裂银杏、垂乳银杏。银杏用作街道绿化时,应选择雄株,以免种实污染行人衣物。1银杏的育苗方法(1)播种育苗种子宜采用颗粒大,树龄在80a左右的母树最好,采收的种子去皮阴干。河北地区以春播为宜。苗床宜选用透水性较好的沙质壤土。(2)利用萌蘖繁殖苗木,在化冻后挖取基部半边带根     

药剂处理银杏种子直播育苗试验

药剂处理银杏种子直播育苗试验①杨恒延李景山苗青陈灏（南阳市林业科学研究所南阳４７３０００）目前，银杏播种育苗一直沿用常规催芽、尔后拣种播种方法，给银杏育苗带来许多不利。为开辟银杏播种育苗新途径，降低劳动强度，提高苗木质量，我们进行了不同药剂处理银杏种...     

枫香人工育苗技术研究

采用随机区组设计了枫香不同年龄母树种子品质、不同播种时间(春播、冬播)和不同播种方式(条播、撒播)试验,进行枫香不同育苗方式对比研究。结果表明:不同年龄枫香母树种子产量和种子品质存在显著差异,20年生枫香母树种子千粒重、出籽率及发芽率分别均高于40年生枫香母树种子,因此枫香育苗宜选择20~30年生健壮无病虫害的母树采种。不同播种时间育苗的苗木生长和苗木质量无明显差异,春播苗木生长及苗木质量略优于冬播苗木。枫香条播与撒播育苗苗木生长和苗木质量无明显差异,但条播节省种子。因此枫香育苗宜采用条播,1年生幼苗发育可分为出苗期、幼苗期、速生期、苗木硬化期4个时期。     

银杏实生苗育苗技术

从种子采集与处理、播种与覆盖以及出苗前后的田间管理等方面介绍了银杏实生苗“层积催芽＋冬播＋薄膜覆盖”的育苗技术，该技术具有省工、省肥、出苗率高、苗木质量好等特点。     

银杏大田无纺布容器直播技术及苗期管理

银杏播种育苗是目前生产上繁殖苗木的主要方法之一,而传统银杏大田直播育苗出苗率不高,且容易出现土壤透气性差、易板结、幼苗出土困难、根系不发达的问题,为确保种子适时、均匀、整齐出土、提高苗木产量和质量,以提高直播育苗的生产效率,可采用大田无纺布容器直播技术对传统的育苗方式进行改进。     

银杏种子育苗技术要点

银杏种子育苗技术要点谭日升（莱州市林业局２６１４００）１精选良种饱满、整齐、生命力强的银杏种子，是培育健壮苗木的基础。以挑选授粉良好、种仁饱满、无病虫害，每公斤３００～４００粒的种子为宜。然后进行催芽处理，于３月上中旬至下旬播种。２选择圃地银杏是深根...     

钻天柳优树选择与播种育苗技术研究

以优树种子为材料,进行播种育苗试验的结果表明:秋播效果优于春播,收集种子后混沙撒播效果最好,出苗率90%以上。以5株优势木对比法为依据,确定了钻天柳优树选择标准为:胸径、树高及单株材积分别大于5株优势木平均值的1.1、1.12及1.29倍。     

Effect of Gap Size on Seedling Establishment of Tsuga longibracteata

Effects of three gaps which are large （118 m^2）, medium （86 m^2） and small （20 m^2）, respectively, and under canopy of Tsuga longibracteata forest on the seedling establishment of T. longibracteata were studied through seed burial experiments from December 2003 to January 2005 in Tianbaoyan National Nature Reserve of Fujian, China. The results showed that the area of gap had an evident effect on the seedling establishment of T. longibracteata. The seedling emergence rates of T. longibracteata in plots of large gap, medium gap, small gap and under canopy were 10%, 10%, 4% and 6%, representing an increasing trend along with the gap size increasing without a significant difference. Rain eroding and insects feeding were two main factors leading to seedling death. The larger the gap size was, the more seedlings were killed by rain erosion and the fewer seedlings were killed by insects feeding. The emergence time of seedlings was almost same in all plots while their death time was different respectively. The gap size had a significant impact on seedling survival rate. The seedling survival rate was highest in the medium gap plot （27.0%） and next to the highest in large gap plot （7.3%）, and seedling in small gap plot and under canopy plot died out after one growing season. Increased light supply in gaps was favorable for the seedlings growth and survival. Increased light supply in the large gap could enhance the growth of seedling leaf and root of T. longibracteata, and the seedling in turn allocated more dry mass to root and leaf, but it has little impact on the growth of stem. This research indicates that T. longibracteata is a pioneer species and its seedling establishment need a medium or large gap （〉50 m^2）.     

山杏种核裂咀比率与出苗率关系的研究

通过对催芽后种核不同裂咀比率的山杏播种育苗后调查研究,结果表明:山杏播种育苗出苗率与种核裂咀率成正比。裂咀率越高出苗量越多。所以只有经检验种核裂咀率达百分之百的种子,播种后才能获得全苗。     

INOCULATION EFFECTS OF SUILLUS GREVILLEI ON LARCH SEEDLINGS

INTR0DUCTl0NCultivatingseedlingswithmycorrhizaistmiversallyacknowledgedasthethirdkeyelementincultivatioroffastgrowingandhigl1yeildforests.Seedlingswithmycorrhizatakenbymanycountfiesoftheworldasoneoftheeffectivcmeasurestthichcanincreaseyieldsin'agricultUreandforestry,hasbeenpaidclosedattentionextensivelyandutilizedinforestproduction.Inordertoenhancetechnologylevelofseedlingcultivationandsurvivalrateofplanta-tion,weestablishedaworkplaceintheCentraINursery,Chao3uanF0restBureautomakemycorrhi…     

保水剂及其在林业上的应用研究进展

本文阐述了保水剂的研究开发历史、种类、特点和作用机理，综述了保水剂对土壤理化性质的影响及其在林业上的应用情况。保水剂是一种吸水倍率高、保水性能好的高分子化合物。它可以提高土壤含水量、抑制土壤蒸发、改善土壤结构、增强土壤对养分的吸附力。保水剂在林业上的应用方法主要有拌土、拌种、包衣、根部涂层和用作培养基质等。在林业生产中应用保水剂可使种子提前发芽、提高出苗率和移植成活率、促进植物生长发育、延缓凋萎时间等。在干旱地区造林中保水剂具有广阔的应用前景。     

Inoculation effects ofSuillus grevillei on Larch seedlings

A large areas of Larch seedlings, including container and bare-root seedlings (new and transplanted seedlings) were inoculated pure inocula that were cultivated by usingSuillus grevillei. Compared with those of control area, all growth indices as rate of emergence, growth(in seedling height, collar diameter and number of lateral branch-root), rate of mycorrhiza inoculum, rate of survival and content of nutrient elements were greatly increased. Therefore,Suillus grevillei is a better and suitable mycorrhizal fungus to larch seedling either in the severe cold mountain area or in the plain region. It should be spread and used in larch cultivation and planting.     

Effects of seed mass and emergence time on seedling performance in Castanopsis chinensis

Seed mass and emergence time may influence fitness of plants. The experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of seed mass and emergence time on the performance of seedlings of Castanopsis chinensis, a large evergreen tree species with limited tolerance of shade. The treatment consisted of three light regimes: 100%, 15% and 2% of full sunlight. Germination rate and germination time showed a significant correlation with seed mass. Germination rate differed among the three light regimes. Early-emerging large-seeded seedlings in 100% light produced the heaviest seedlings, while those resulting from smaller late-emerging seeds and grown under 2% light regime produced the lightest seedlings. Relative growth rate (RGR) decreased with seed mass in all three light regimes, and seedlings of C. chinensis have a higher RGR in high and intermediate light levels compared to low light. In contrast, the effect of emergence time on RGR was not significant. The growth of C. chinensis seedlings were significantly influenced by seed size, emergence time, and light conditions. For each month, the mean height of seedlings was significantly greatest for large-seeded seedlings and significantly lowest for small-seeded ones, irrespective of emergence time and light conditions. Regeneration success of C. chinensis appears to be regulated by the interactive effect of seed mass, emergence time and light regime.     

樟子松苗木移植与留植成活生长关系的研究

通过对樟子松苗木移植与留植后成活及生长情况的调查比较,结果表明:樟子松移植一般采用1 年生苗木,采用不合格苗木将显著降低移植成活率;樟子松苗木出圃前要灌足封冻水,才能保证移植苗的成活率,在移植实践中苗木含水率与移植苗成活率呈正相关;不能忽视苗木的保湿,在移植过程中尽可能做到随起苗随运输随栽植(将苗木蘸好泥浆),缩短苗木在外裸露的时间。     

林火干扰对长苞铁杉更新的影响

通过模拟实验和样地调查研究了林火干扰对长苞铁杉更新的影响,结果表明:长苞铁杉可以在森林火灾迹地中完成其生活史.长苞铁杉在模拟林火干扰样地的幼苗发生率为13%,在人工刈割杂草后样地为10.5%,而在对照组样地为0,杂草的遮荫作用对长苞铁杉幼苗的发生不利.经过一个完整生长季的生长,模拟林火干扰样地内幼苗存活率为68.1%,...     

Effect of thiacloprid against the potato tuber moth Phthorimaea operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

The effect of the chloronicotinyl insecticide (thiacloprid 480 SC) was evaluated to determine its potential in controlling the potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella. Application of thiacloprid at various concentrations (0.1–0.4 ml/l) on different age groups of eggs (1–4.5 day-old) had no effect on egg hatchability. However, slight embryocidal effect was noted in all egg age groups exposed to 0.4 ml/l concentration. Egg incubation period was increased (20%) when 4–4.5 day-old eggs were treated with thiacloprid at a rate of 0.4 ml/l compared with the untreated control. Thiacloprid was effective in reducing larval survival on potato seedlings or adults emergence from potatoes, exhibiting activity for at least 14 days after application. When already infected potato seedlings or tubers were treated with thiacloprid at a rate of 0.4 ml/l, adult emergence was decreased. Larvae that hatched from thiacloprid-treated eggs and fed, untreated tubers, encountered some difficulties in surviving and emerging as adults. Our data suggest that potato plants or tubers treated with thiacloprid at a commonly used rate (0.4 ml/l) should be well protected from the possibility of infestations by the potato tuber moth. Publication of this article was held up owing to technical problems. The publisher apologizes sincerely for this lengthy delay.