中国省级农科院网站域名使用现状调查

域名对于中国各省级农科院建立的政务网站具有重要作用。现有的各省级农科院网站域名缺乏规范,影响了公共服务和对内对外交流的质量。通过中国农科院官网搜集,并经过百度搜索核实了各省农科院网站域名共30个。详细分析了它们选择的域名后缀和域名命名方式等方面的混乱现状,并就此提出了一些域名规范措施：第一是域名后缀统一为“ac.cn”;第二是“农科院”一词英文缩写统一为“aas”,拼音缩写统一为“nky”;第三是域名主名命名方式统一为“[省名第一字拼音全拼]+[其后几字的拼音首字母缩写]”或“[省名的独特简称全拼]+[连字符“-”]+[省名拼音首字母缩写]”。     

南瓜降糖功能及其系列食品加工技术

阐述了南瓜在糖尿病辅助治疗方面的功能特性,介绍了南瓜降糖主要制品南瓜全粉、南瓜脆片、南瓜果酱和南瓜肉汁的工艺流程和操作要点。     

Revised calculation of the coefficient of parentage in plant breeding

The knowledge of the genetic similarity between two individuals has been useful for animal breeders for a long time, and one of the most common measures of similarity is the Coefficient of Parentage (COP). For two individuals X and Y, it is defined as the probability that an allele taken from a particular locus in individual X is equal by descent to another allele taken from the same locus in individual Y; thus, the COP between two individuals is the same as the expected inbreeding of their offspring, and it is now a routine calculation among plant breeders as part of crop improvement programmes. Nevertheless, plant breeders deal with the genealogy between strains or groups of individuals, and here, we provide a mathematical proof that in this case the application of standard formulae replicated from animal breeding may result in overestimation of the true amount of inbreeding between two strains.     

A NEW METHOD BY USING MASS AND ACCELERATION PARAMETERS FOR BALANCING INERTIAL FORCE OF MECHANISM

This paper presents a new method by using mass and acceleration parameters for balancing inertial force of mechanism. Compared with other balance methods, this one is simple, clear and superior in regularity when the balancing equation of complex mechanism is established, and its solving procedure is also easy. The new methcd is convenient to learn and use as well as convenient to program.     

A NEW METHOD BY USE OF MASS AND ACCELARATION PARAMETERS FOR BALANCING THE SHAKING MOMENT OF ARTICULATED MULTI-BAR LINKAGES

In this paper,a new method with general purpose ispresented for balancing the shaking moment of articulated multi-barlinkage.The concept of this method is clear.The moment equation oflinkages is easy to establish and solve.Furthermore its pattern structuremakes it convenient to be programmed.     

A DISCUSSION ON THE EFFECT OF GROUND WATER IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

In this paper,the acting characteristics and effect of ground water on the stability of construction site and foundations in investigation,design,construction and service of buildings and structures are presented.The main problems of ground water are discussed.     

小麦锈病研究工作中若干观点性问题的讨论

十九个小麦良种用六个叶锈菌优势小种分小种测定,其中十八个表现高度抗病,是用来自河北、北京176个叶锈菌株进行多菌株、分菌株测定时,就没有一个品种对所有菌株都抵抗,感病率为9.1—61.4%.说明研究锈病应有群体观点.比较了新疆和河北、北京叶锈菌群体的毒性.根据一些中度抗病品种对两地叶锈菌的反应,都表明新疆叶锈菌群体的毒性比河北、北京的强.在不同生态条件下形成的叶锈菌群体的毒性可能不同,因此研究锈病应有生态观点.寄主和病原物的相互作用及其遗传变异是长期的,寄主和病原物共同进化.研究锈病应有进化观点.过去的研究工作有片面性,应考虑改进.     

农业龙头企业带动农户绩效的实证分析—以南京市为例

农业龙头企业作为产业化经营的载体和产业化链条中最关键的一环,一头联结市场,一头联结分散的农户,两者的连接机制决定了农业龙头企业和农户之间的利益分配,进而影响到农业产业化的进程和农民增收,分析将从农业龙头企业与农户连接机制的角度入手,以南京市为例,着重考察其对农户的影响,特别是在促进农户增收方面的效果,为政府有关部门制定促进农业龙头企业带动农户增收的政策,提供理论和现实依据。     

Research on Bifurcation and Chaos Characteristics of Meso-Scopic Fracture Process of Rock

On the basis of test results of meso-scopic fracture process and evolution of microcracks of rock in uniaxial compression,the number and orientation of microcracks at each stress level are obtained.A mathematical model for describing the germination and evolution of microcracks is proposed.The bifurcation and chaos behaviours of the evolution of microcracks and meso-scopic fracture process are studied for the first time with the bifurcation and chaos theory of modern nonlinear science.When the characteristic values which represent the gernimation and closure effect of microcracks take certain values,the evolution of microcracks can be described by the Logistic equation.Therefore,the evolution of microcracks of rock has the bifurcation and chaos characteristics.[WT5HZ]     

降水与墒情关系及抗旱需水量评估技术研究

为了合理开发利用水资源,提高半干旱地区水资源利用率,为现代农业发展提供更精细化的气象服务,通过研究阜新地区土壤水分与降水量关系及特征,找出了阜新地区土壤水分变化规律,并在此基础上,建立了阜新地区农田抗旱需水量评估方法。结果表明：（1）较大降水后,浅层土壤增墒迅速,几小时内土壤重量含水率可达到最大值,并在20 cm左右土壤中形成1个高含水层;深层增墒相对缓慢,需要十几到二十几小时达到最大值;（2）较大降水发生1天后,10~50 cm层土壤重量含水率达到最大值,然后在无降水的情况下土壤重量含水率缓慢下降,基本呈直线型,直到下一次较强降水的到来,重量含水率再次上升;（3）降水增墒速度大于墒情递减速度;（4）受多种因素影响,降水后10~50 cm层各月土壤增墒率和晴好天气下各月逐日土壤墒情递减率有各自的变化规律。其中,4月、7月降水增墒率相对较小,9月最大,8月次之;4月、5月逐日土壤墒情递减率最小,6—9月相对较大,其中,7月最大。土壤墒情递减率对抗旱需水量中流失的水分计算起到重要作用;（5）实际抗旱需水量大于设定重量含水率所需的含水量,因为要考虑土壤蒸发、作物吸收、深层渗透、降水径流等流失的水分;（6）抗旱需水量评估方法对抗旱方面的政府决策气象服务起着重要作用。可用于自然降水对旱情缓解的分析、节水灌溉工程的精细化气象服务等。     

恒速干燥阶段对流传热系数的研究

应用因次分析和实验测定相结合的方法,对恒速干燥阶段的对流传热系数进行了研究。通过实验,较精确地确定了公式中的常数,得到了形式较简捷的求取α的准数关联式。     

THE EFFECT OF THE STRESS OF LONGWALL AND STRUCTURE OF COAL ON THE BUMP OF COAL AND METHANE

The problems that the bump of coal and methame in the mine is contraled by the stress of longwall and that the coal and methane bump in the mine is affected by the physical properties of the coal are analysed and discussed through some specific bump cases. It is shown that the compressive stress, the content of the methane of the coal, and the bump of coal and methane are directly affected by the content of the ash and the volatile of the coal.     

水稻旱种土壤养分问题

本文重点讨论了水稻旱种土壤养分问题.主要阐明:水稻旱种与淹水种植土壤养分的区别、水稻体内三要素的变化、氮素利用状况以及水稻体内养分运转率的区别等.同时提出,水稻旱种与淹水种稻在氮素营养的来源方面差异较大.淹水种稻应增施有机肥料,培肥土壤,而水稻旱种应适当增施一些无机氮肥.     

Research on PPC Carry-Over Girder with Long Span in Multistorey and Highrise Buildings

Multistorey and highrise buildings with PPC carry-over girder of long span have merits of small desorm and saving steels ,as shocon by full scale test in the field.In this paper. simplified solution using framed tube-corestructure principle is presented.It provides a new scheme of buiding structure and valuable design data.     

Pre-anthesis Interaction of Cytokinins and ABA in the Transport of 14C-sucrose to the Ear of Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

The effect of the application of abscisic acid (ABA, 10⁻⁴ mol 1⁻¹), benzyl adenine (BA, 10⁻⁶ mol - 1⁻¹), N⁶-m-hydroxybenzyl-adenosine (HBA, 10⁻⁶ mol - 1⁻¹) and combinations of these cytokinins with ABA on the transport of ¹⁴C-sucrose into the developing kernels of winter wheat, their number and mass, was studied. Growth substances were applied in the period 10 to 5 days before anthesis and their effects were examined 4 and 18 days after anthesis on ears that were detached 10 days before anthesis and then cultivated on a complete nutrient solution. The stimulating effect of HBA on the transport of ¹⁴C-sucrose, number of kernels and their mass was higher than that of BA. ABA partly decreased the stimulating effect of cytokinins and reduced up to several days after anthesis the transport of ¹⁴C-sucrose to the developing kernels, their number and mass. The results revealed that a higher level of cytokinins in the period before anthesis could effectively interact with the inhibiting effect of ABA in that period and influence the accumulation of assimilates in the kernels.     

On the selection for specific genes by single seed descent

Summary Single seed descent is an easy inbreeding strategy aimed at deferring selection in successive generations of a cross between two homozygous lines to that generation for which selection looks most successful. Different selection aims are discussed. For characters that are determined by a small number of (major) genes, numbers of plants and generations are tabulated that guarantee the breeder to achieve his aim with a given level of heterozygosity and a given probability.     

浅谈茶叶与“下午茶”文化

茶叶中含有多种营养成分。中国是最早发现并利用茶叶的国家。茶叶采用不同加工方式可以生产出6种主要的不同类型的茶叶。介绍了茶叶的发现和茶文化在中国的发展历史,茶叶的分类与营养以及下午茶的由来。     

光合产物累积对大豆光合午休的影响

研究了大豆在开花期、结荚期和鼓粒期的光合日变化及叶片中淀粉和可溶性糖含量的日变化。结果表明,结荚期和鼓粒期大豆的光合作用有午休产生,而在开花期没有发现午休现象。但是在这三个不同生育期中叶片的可溶性糖和淀粉含量的日变化却表现出相同的趋势,它们的变化与大豆光合午休之间没有必然联系。用去荚和去叶方法改变大豆植株库源比后,对大豆光合午休产生与否没有影响。实验结果表明,大豆叶片中碳水化合物的累积不是造成光合午休的原因。     

Discussion on Negative Flexural Strength of Beams Including Slabs

In this paper, the provisions in different design codes and some tests on the identification of the negative strength of beams including slab-bars are compared and analyzed. The results of analysis demonstrate that the effective width of slabs is a converted width for calculation. It isn't the actual working width of the slab or the yield slab width. According to the maximum storey drift, the frames can reach, an effective width of slabs can be defined as six times the slab-thickness width on each side of the web. Considering the participation of reinforcement in slab into resistance of the beam against negative flexure, the anchorage of tension bars and the transverse reinforcement placement in slab should be taken into account to ensure the effective work of longitudinal slab bars.     

浅议科技期刊的选题策划

剖析了影响科技期刊选题策划的三个主要因素:科技期刊二重性,办刊宗旨和读者的需求。指出为了提高科技期刊的质量,充分发挥科技期刊的作用,必须做好科技期刊的选题策划工作,并提出做好科技期刊选题策划工作要突出办刊特色,适应不同读者群体的阅读需要,走市场化的经营道路,选题突出科技期刊的特点,栏目策划要多样化。