Cardiovascular Effects of Intravenous Sodium Penicillin, Sodium Cefazolin, and Sodium Citrate in Awake and Anesthetized Horses

Sodium penicillin, sodium cefazolin, and sodium citrate were administered to six adult horses on separate occasions, when awake and during anesthesia. The order of administration was randomized and studies were separated by a minimum of 7 days. Arterial blood pressure decreased significantly (less than 0.05) from control 5 minutes after intravenous (IV) sodium penicillin in awake and anesthetized horses. Systolic arterial blood pressure remained significantly (less than 0.05) decreased 10 minutes after IV sodium penicillin in anesthetized horses. Sodium cefazolin and sodium citrate did not significantly affect any of the measured cardiovascular variables. Although the changes in arterial blood pressure were small (8-15 mm Hg), monitoring of arterial blood pressure is advised when sodium penicillin is administered IV to anesthetized horses.     

Sodium deprivation, feather pecking and activity in laying hens

When a diet containing only 0.038% sodium was fed to two strains of laying hens for four weeks they showed no increase in feather pecking, toe pecking, pecking activity or general activity, although egg production almost completely ceased. This finding is unexpected in view of recent reports to the contrary under field conditions. It is postulated that very low sodium intakes may be less deleterious than intermediate intakes which permit some laying, and therefore sodium loss, to continue. The absence of adverse behavioural effects emphasises the potential value of sodium deprivation as a means of halting egg production.     

离子色谱法测定磺胺氯吡嗪钠中的钠离子

建立了离子色谱法测定磺胺氯吡嗪钠中钠离子含量的方法。试验采用Dionex IonPac CS12A(4 mm×250 mm)阳离子交换色谱柱,以甲烷磺酸溶液为淋洗液,流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温为30℃,抑制型电导检测器。试验结果表明钠离子与常见成盐阳离子分离良好,在0.2～15μg/mL浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系(r~2=1.0000),加样回收率为100.7%(n=9,RSD=3.0%)。建立的方法准确、灵敏、专属性好,可用于测定磺胺氯吡嗪钠中钠离子的含量。     

Disorders of Serum Potassium, Sodium, Magnesium and Chloride

Fluid and electrolyte imbalances are frequently encountered in a variety of medical and surgical disorders therefore requiring the clinician's astute evaluation of his/her patient's fluid and electrolyte status. Disorders involving the gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, and endocrine organs will frequently cause abnormalities in sodium, potassium, magnesium, and chloride balance. An accurate initial assessment of serum electrolyte concentrations and monitoring during the treatment is essential in order to maintain electrolyte homeostasis. Failure to do so can lead to severe clinical consequences for the patient and change a diagnostic triumph into a therapeutic failure. This presentation provides an overview of the etiologies, clinical signs, and therapeutic approaches to electrolyte disorders in the critically ill animal. (Vet. Emerg. & Crit. Care, 9:209–217, 1999)     

钼酸钠对亚硝酸钠中毒小鼠保护作用的研究

为了研究钼酸钠对亚硝酸钠中毒小鼠存活时间、体重、血液学指标和免疫学指标的影响,选取144只小鼠并随机分为9组,其中Ⅰ组～Ⅴ组做小鼠存活时间试验研究,Ⅵ组～Ⅸ组做钼酸钠和亚硝酸钠对小鼠体重、血液学指标和免疫学指标影响研究,各组小鼠用不同剂量亚硝酸钠和钼酸钠进行处理,饲喂相同基础日粮。结果表明,0.016mL/g 50g/L NaMoO4对3d染毒组和15d染毒组小鼠存活时间有极显著影响(P<0.01);200mg/L NaMoO4和200mg/kg NaNO2对小鼠体重增长、血液学指标和免疫学指标与对照组比较差异不显著(P>0.05),而500mg/L NaMoO4和200mg/kg NaNO2对小鼠体重增长、血液学指标和免疫学指标与对照组比较差异显著(P<0.05)。说明非中毒剂量NaMoO4能缓解亚硝酸钠的毒性,而中毒剂量NaMoO4则会加重亚硝酸钠的毒性。     

HPLC法同时检测复方磺胺间甲氧嘧啶钠溶液中磺胺间甲氧嘧啶钠和甲氧苄啶

采用HPLC法同时测定复方磺胺间甲氧嘧啶钠溶液中磺胺间甲氧嘧啶钠和甲氧苄啶的含量。色谱柱为Kromasil C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,粒径5μm),流动相为0.02 mol/L磷酸溶液-甲醇(80∶20,V/V),检测波长270 nm,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温30℃。在10~500μg/mL浓度范围内,磺胺间甲氧嘧啶钠和甲氧苄啶均呈线性关系。平均回收率分别为99.25%和99.76%。该法准确可行,适用于同时检测复方磺胺间甲氧嘧啶钠溶液中磺胺间甲氧嘧啶钠和甲氧苄啶的含量。     

生奶中钙、镁、钠、钾及电导率的季节变化

1999年对上海地区部分牧场中生奶的钙、镁、钠、钾及电导率进行了为期一年的检测,进行统计和分析,为畜牧、生产厂家的质量控制提供参考,为新品开发研制积累数据。 对于上海地区部分牧场分为沿海地区、南面、北面三片。沿海地区为东风、新东、新港、跃一、跃二、五四、燎原、申星、星一、星二等十个牧场。南面为十牧、一牧、新农、浦江、叶榭等五个牧场。北面为朱桥、四牧、七牧、九牧等四个牧场。     

Sodium distribution in the bovine brain

Fatal sodium intoxication can occur in many species, including cattle, and postmortem confirmation often includes brain sodium concentration determination. Published information regarding brain sodium distribution in cattle was not found in a literature review. Our study was designed to determine whether sodium is uniformly distributed throughout the bovine brain. Eight whole bovine brains were collected from adult cattle with no neurologic signs or history suggestive of sodium intoxication, and with a non-neurologic cause of death diagnosed on gross examination. Brains were divided mid-sagittally. One hemisphere of each brain was homogenized. Subsamples were obtained from the remaining hemisphere (rostral, caudal, and dorsal cerebral cortices; brainstem, thalamus, and cerebellum). Sodium concentrations of regions and homogenates were measured by inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA with a pairwise post-test to compare mean sodium concentration of each region to mean homogenate sodium concentration. Brain sodium was not uniformly distributed; sodium concentrations in different regions of the same brain varied somewhat unpredictably. Homogenization of an entire brain hemisphere appears to be the ideal method of sample preparation to ensure accurate brain sodium concentration measurement in adult cattle.     

Interference of haemolysis and hyperproteinemia on Sodium,Potassium, and Chloride measurements in canine serum samples

Veterinary Research Communications -     

Sodium salicylate attenuates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced adipsia, but not hypophagia, in broiler chickens

A study was conducted to determine the influence of sodium salicylate on the behaviour and the food and water consumption of broiler chickens after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection. An oral dose of 100 mg/kg sodium salicylate was given and an acute phase reaction in broiler chickens was provoked through the intravenous injection of Escherichia coli LPS. Water intake was higher in the LPS and salicylate-treated group than in the positive control group. The salicylate treatment, however, did not restore the food intake, or influence the behaviour of the chickens. These data show that sodium salicylate has a positive effect on the water intake after intravenous injection of LPS in chickens and suggests that there is a difference in mechanism of action of food and water consumption after LPS injection in chickens.     

氯前列醇钠、产前背膘厚及便秘对后备母猪同期分娩效果的影响

试验旨在研究氯前列醇钠、产前背膘厚、便秘对后备母猪同期分娩集中度和生产性能的影响,并进一步探讨母猪同期分娩的最优方案。选取后备母猪共295头,根据妊娠期110 d时P2点处的背膘厚,随机分为3组：对照组（CON组：0.9%生理盐水）、低剂量氯前列醇钠组（LPG组：0.1 mg氯前列醇钠）、高剂量氯前列醇钠组（HPG组：0.2 mg氯前列醇钠）,于妊娠期114 d进行阴户部注射诱导分娩。结果表明,与对照组相比,高、低剂量氯前列醇钠均可显著缩短母猪从注射到分娩的时间间隔（P<0.05）,且两试验组间差异不显著（P>0.05）。但是,LPG组后备母猪在注射氯前列醇钠后48 h内的分娩率高达95%,并且白天分娩率达75.7%。此外,LPG组后备母猪的产仔间隔也显著短于CON组（P<0.05）。同时本研究发现,背膘厚在16~20 mm范围内的后备母猪从注射到分娩的时间间隔显著短于背膘厚≤15 mm的后备母猪（P<0.05）;便秘指数0~1.0组后备母猪的产程和产仔间隔均显著大于便秘指数1.1~2.0组及2.1~3.0组的后备母猪（P<0.05）。进一步回归分析发现,母猪背膘厚分别与产程、总产仔数、活仔数存在极显著线性相关（P<0.01）,母猪便秘指数分别与产程、产仔间隔、总产仔数、活仔数存在极显著线性相关（P<0.01）。综上所述,在妊娠期114 d对后备母猪阴户部注射0.1 mg氯前列醇钠诱导分娩,不仅可显著加快母猪分娩的进程,而且还可大大节约药物成本。此外,母猪产前背膘厚和便秘均会影响母猪同期分娩的效果,应使母猪分娩前保持最佳的背膘厚（16~20 mm）,且避免母猪便秘,方可保证同期分娩的顺利实施。     

次氯酸钠、酒精及穿串用竹签对鸡肉产品中呋喃西林代谢物检测结果的影响研究

本研究对从屠宰到加工过程中与鸡肉产品密切接触的次氯酸钠、酒精及穿串用竹签进行相关试验.结果表明,次氯酸钠消毒剂的使用会使次氯酸钠消毒剂残留在肉鸡皮肤中,从而对呋喃西林代谢物的检测造成干扰；经过后池的冲洗之后,对呋喃西林代谢物检测的干扰大大降低.加工过程中使用的酒精和竹签,不是检出呋喃西林代谢物的干扰因素.