60株大肠杆菌的分离与致病性鉴定

大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli,E.coli)是鸡肠道常在菌,部分菌株具有致病性。鸡大肠杆菌病就是由大肠杆菌中的某些致病性菌株引起的鸡感染性疾病。致病性大肠杆菌均携带毒力岛基因ChuA。为鉴定分离自临床病例的鸡大肠杆菌的致病性,本试验采用PCR法检测ChuA基因进行分子生物学鉴定,60株大肠杆菌中有31株属于致病性大肠杆菌,总阳性率为51.67%。     

常用抗菌药物对鸡致病性大肠杆菌的抑菌效果研究

鸡大肠杆菌病是兽医临床上的多发病,为鸡细菌性疾病之首,占33%。由于大肠杆菌的血清型较多,并且极易产生耐药性,为了防治该病,养鸡场常用大量的抗菌药物,导致细菌耐药性更加严重和复杂,给鸡大肠杆菌病的治疗带来极大的困难。笔者试验检测了常用的抗菌药物对河南省6个地区鸡致病性大肠杆菌的抑菌效果,并比较了各地区的分离菌株与标准菌株药物敏感性差异,旨在为临床合理用药提供科学的指导。     

鸡源大肠杆菌ESBLs基因型检测及耐药性分析研究

为调查哈尔滨市周边地区鸡源大肠杆菌中超光谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)基因型的流行情况,探索携带ESBLs对鸡源大肠杆菌耐药性的影响,从哈尔滨市周边地区多个养殖场分离了137株鸡源大肠杆菌,用微量肉汤稀释法测定137株菌对18种抗菌药物的最小抑菌浓度,采用CLSI推荐的表型筛选和确证试验检测大肠杆菌携带ESBLs情况,用PCR方法检测ESBLs基因(blaTEM、blaSHV、blaCTX-M、blaOXA)的流行分布情况。结果显示:109株大肠杆菌为产ESBLs菌株,占79.6%;137株鸡源大肠杆菌对临床常用18种抗菌药物产生不同程度耐药,且产ESBLs大肠杆菌的耐药性比非产ESBLs大肠杆菌的耐药性严重;blaTEM、blaCTX-M基因阳性率分别为40.9%、71.5%,所有菌株均未扩增出blaSHV和blaOXA基因。提示,blaTEM和blaCTX-M基因为哈尔滨地区鸡源产ESBLs大肠杆菌的流行基因型,且鸡源产ESBLs大肠杆菌菌株分布广泛,应加强当地用药监管。     

Iss蛋白在鸡源大肠杆菌不同毒力菌株中的检测

本试验以鸡源大肠杆菌O2血清型iss基因原核表达产物GST-Iss融合蛋白免疫SPF鸡,获得抗血清。采用间接ELISA法检测Iss蛋白在几种毒力强弱程度不同的鸡源大肠杆菌菌株中的表达情况,并通过检测菌株在血清中的存活状况,研究Iss蛋白与抗补体功能(血清抗性)及致病力的关系。结果表明,鸡源大肠杆菌Iss蛋白与菌株的血清抗性及菌株的致病力有相关性。     

鸡源大肠杆菌中HPI和LEE毒力岛相关基因的检测

采用PCR方法检测辽宁锦州地区分离的150株鸡源大肠杆菌中耶尔森菌强毒力岛基因(HPI)和肠细胞脱落位点毒力岛(LEE),利用多重PCR方法检测HPI irp2和fyuA基因,以及LEE ler和eaeA基因.在分离的鸡源大肠杆菌中,HPI毒力岛基因检测结果为:18.7％的菌株irp2和fyuA基因扩增阳性,6.7％的菌株irp2基因阳性;LEE毒力岛基因检测结果为:15.3％的菌株ler和eaeA基因扩增阳性.结果表明,25.3％的鸡源大肠杆菌携带HPI,15.3％的鸡源大肠杆菌携带LEE.     

地高辛标记大肠杆菌1型菌毛结构基因核酸探针对鸡大肠杆菌分离株的检测

将PCR扩增的鸡大肠杆菌 1型菌毛蛋白结构基因 (pilA)用地高辛标记成核酸探针与分属 2 8个血清型的 50个鸡大肠杆菌分离株进行斑点杂交 ,阳性率达 84% ,用甘露糖敏感血凝试验 (MSHA)检测阳性率为 72 % ,表明核酸杂交比MSHA法更敏感。     

34株鸡大肠杆菌的分离鉴定及致病力分析

本研究从鸡泄殖腔取样,分离大肠杆菌菌株,进行生化鉴定。结果显示34株菌株符合大肠杆菌的培养特性。将分离得到的34株大肠杆菌与购买的4株鸡大肠杆菌分别接种鸡胚,对致病力进行分析。结果采用数据处理软件SPSS分析90%置信区间,其中19株为致病力较强菌株(致死率大于上限38.4%),16株为致病力较弱或无致病力菌株(致死率小于下限25.1%),3株为中等致病力菌株(致死率在上限和下限之间)。通过套式PCR对38株菌的iss基因进行检测,阳性率为100%。结果表明,iss基因(increased serum survival gene)在鸡大肠杆菌中广泛存在,38株鸡大肠杆菌均有iss基因,但致病力大小不同,故推测致病力大小可能与iss基因的存在无关。     

地高辛标记大肠杆菌1型菌毛结构基因核酸探针对鸡大肠杆菌分离株？…

将ＰＣＲ扩增的鸡大肠杆菌１型菌毛蛋白结构基因（ｐｉｌＡ）用地高辛标记成核酸探针与分属２８个血清型的５０个鸡大肠杆菌分离株进行斑点杂交，阳性率达８４％，用甘露糖敏血凝试验（ＭＳＨＡ）检测阳性率为７２％，表明核酸杂交比ＭＳＨＡ法更敏感。     

东北地区鸡源大肠杆菌的毒力基因检测及PFGE分型研究

为了研究东北地区健康鸡源大肠杆菌毒力基因的携带分布以及PFGE分子分型情况,试验采用PCR技术对413株鸡源大肠杆菌的4种毒力基因进行检测,并运用XbaⅠ酶进行酶切后完成PFGE分析,利用软件分析菌株间的相关性和遗传关系。结果表明,在检测的413株菌株中,fimH毒力基因携带率为77.72%,iucD毒力基因的检出率为56.42%,强致病性毒力岛(HPI)的标志基因fyuA和irp2毒力基因携带率分别为44.07%和43.83%;29株大肠杆菌呈现出28种不同的PFGE型,每一株菌被XbaⅠ消化为14~20条带,菌株相似度为30%~100%;多数菌株携带毒力基因,且毒力基因的类型较为复杂,PFGE分型结果具有多样性和差异性。提示应加强鸡源大肠杆菌毒力基因的检测以及分子分型研究,为大肠杆菌病等防控提供参考。     

鸡大肠杆菌病多价蜂胶灭活疫苗的研制

导致鸡大肠杆菌病的大肠杆菌血清型复杂,而商品化的鸡大肠杆菌疫苗与各地流行血清型不符,往往造成免疫失败。实践证明,应用流行菌株制备的疫苗,免疫效果更好。本试验以许昌地区流行的具有致病性的O5、O54和O783种优势血清型菌株为制苗菌株,以蜂胶为佐剂,研制了现地多价蜂胶灭活疫苗。经实验室检测,免疫过的鸡群能有效抵抗致病性大肠杆菌的攻击,生长状况良好,蛋鸡产蛋率无影响,大肠杆菌病得到控制,其他疾病的发生率也明显降低。     

Septic periorchitis in a horse

A 2-month-old Standard-bred colt with signs of abdominal pain and large scrotum was found to have septic periorchitis involving the right testis. Surgical exploration of the abdomen and scrotum was performed; the colt was then castrated. Actinobacillus equuli was isolated from specimens obtained at surgery. The colt was treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics and flunixin meglumine after surgery, and fully recovered. The clinical signs of periorchitis in the colt were similar to an inguinal/scrotal hernia.     

Comparison of the haemogram between three-year-old Thoroughbred stayers and sprinters

Results of blood counts have been analysed in three-year-old racehorses in training comprising 77 colt stayers, 27 colt sprinters, 61 filly stayers and 35 filly sprinters. The distributions of haemoglobin, erythrocyte count and haematocrit were significantly higher in colt stayers compared to the other three groups. In fillies these values were also significantly higher in stayers compared to sprinters. The erythrocyte count was significantly higher in filly stayers compared to colt sprinters but there were no significant differences between haemoglobin or haematocrit values in these groups. No significant differences were found in the erythrogram between colt and filly sprinters. Absolute lymphocyte counts were significantly higher in the two filly groups compared with the colts. Eosinophil counts were significantly higher in the stayer groups compared to the sprinters. The ranges of values observed, within each of the four groups, for haemoglobin, erythrocyte count and haematocrit were narrower than previously recorded.     

Abnormal coagulation factor VIII transcript in a Tennessee Walking Horse colt with hemophilia A

Hemophilia A is an X‐chromosome‐linked disorder caused by a deficiency in factor VIII (FVIII). Although foals have been diagnosed with hemophilia A based on deficiency in FVIII activity, causative gene mutations have not been identified. The genomic DNA and cDNA encoding FVIII of a Tennesee Walking Horse colt affected with hemophilia A and the genomic DNA of his dam and a normal unrelated horse were analyzed with no splice site or coding sequence abnormalities identified in any of the horses. Polymerase chain reactions (PCR) were then performed on hepatic cDNA from the affected colt and an unrelated normal horse, and no product was obtained for the sequence between and including exon 1 and exon 2 in the affected colt. Based on these results, suspected mutations were identified in the noncoding region of FVIII (intron 1), and genomic sequencing of intron 1 in the dam and the affected colt suggested maternal inheritance.     

A mixed infection of babesia equi and babesia caballiin a racing colt: A report from iran

Babesiosis was diagnosed in a three-year-old racingThoroughbred colt with recurrent, intermittent fever, poor performance, malaise, and one occasion of diarrhea. Other signs included congestion of mucous membranes and petechial hemorrhages of conjunctival mucous membranes. Babesia caballi and B. equi were identified on blood smear, when the colt had fever. The colt was treated with Imidocarb (4 mg/kg four times at 72 intervals) and returned to regular exercise and competition four months after treatment. The colt and two other horses which showed babesial infection had been transported from Turkmen district to Mashhad city.     

Autosomic 27 Trisomy in a Standardbred Colt

A 19-month-old Standardbred colt was donated to the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine with a suspicion of intersexuality. The anal−genital distance and penis were normal, and there was no evidence of intersexuality, but the colt was bilaterally cryptorchid. Several aspects of the colt's behavior appeared unusual, including general temperament and behavior described as sympathetically dull and affable. With herd mates, the colt appeared slow to perceive or to learn the usual intraspecies social cues. An atypical gait characterized by intermittent unnatural shuffle of the hind limbs, sliding them along in short rhythmic strides for 3 to 10 seconds at a time was noted at times when a horse might normally transition from a slow walk to a fast walk or a slow trot. Occasionally the colt exhibited slight protrusion of the tongue through the teeth and lips with jaw movements and smacking of the tongue against the teeth as if struggling to retract the tongue to the normal position. Evaluation of the karyotype combined with fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) revealed an abnormal male karyotype showing trisomy of chromosome 27 (65, XY + 27). The colt was euthanized at 24 months of age, and a necropsy revealed no significant abnormalities. This case of trisomy was not associated with developmental abnormalities described in other rare reports of trisomy in horses; however, some features were strikingly similar to that of humans with trisomy 21. FISH was demonstrated to be an excellent method for correct identification of equine chromosomes.     

20株人畜肠道致病菌质粒DNA检测

本文Ｋａｄｏ－Ｌｉａ法进行２０株肠道致病菌的质粒ＤＮＡ提取和检测。５株猪致病性大肠杆菌显示５条质粒电泳带。３株牛大肠杆显示３条；４株宋氏痢疾杆菌显示４条；８株小肠结肠炎耶氏菌显示１条大质粒带，而且同一批肠道传染病致病苏具有相同的质粒谱。     

Inguinal Herniation of the Ascending Colon in a 6‐month‐old Standardbred Colt

Objective— To report inguinal herniation of the ascending colon in a Standardbred colt. Study Design— Case report. Animals— A 6‐month‐old Standardbred colt. Methods— The colt underwent surgical exploration of the hernia with large colon resection and anastomosis. Results— A successful large colon resection and anastomosis was completed, however, the colt was euthanatized at the end of surgery upon owner request. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance— Although uncommon, indirect inguinal herniation of the ascending colon can occur in young horses.     

Fell Pony syndrome in a pony in North America

A 5-week-old Fell Pony colt was examined for fever, lethargy, and anemia. The colt had been lethargic for 1 week before examination, had continued to nurse, had a temperature of 104°F (40°C), and was treated with ceftiofur (5 mg/kg IM q12h). Approximately 36 hours before examination, the colt developed watery diarrhea. Blood work performed by the referring veterinarian on the day of admission revealed a PCV of 10%.     

Effect of Intestinal Resection on Two Juvenile Horses With Granulomatous Enteritis

Two horses were presented with lethargy, weight loss, anorexia, and swelling of the limbs and ventral body wall. One horse, a 12-month-old American Paso Fino colt, also had acute abdominal pain. The other horse, a seven-month-old Tennessee Walking Horse (TWH) filly passed diarrheic stools during the initial examination. Each horse had low serum protein, neutropenia, and a normal packed cell volume (3.2 g/dl, 1300 cells/ul, and 38%, respectively, for the colt, and 2.4 g/dl, 696 cells/ul, and 44%, respectively for the filly). After intravenously administering plasma, the colt's PCV dropped to 23%, and the filly's dropped to 30%. During exploratory surgery, 3.5 and 2.0 meters of thickened terminal small intestine were removed from the colt and filly respectively, and a jejunocecostomy performed. The results of histologic examination of resected intestine were consistent with a diagnosis of equine granulomatous enteritis (EGE). Both horses showed clinical improvement within two days after surgery. The colt developed a neutrophilia (20,500 cells/ul) within 24 hours of surgery. Serum protein concentrations remained stable and gradually elevated to normal or near normal values of 7.0 g/dl (colt) and 5.8 g/dl (filly) by two weeks. The colt was killed four months after surgery because of signs of abdominal pain. Postmortem examination revealed a small intestinal volvulus associated with an adhesion. The TWH filly remains clinically normal 13 months after surgery.