纳米硒对肉鸡组织硒含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性的影响

本试验采用2×6因子完全随机设计,研究了纳米硒和亚硒酸钠2种硒源对肉鸡组织硒含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性的影响。岭南黄公母混合雏780羽按饲养试验要求分为13组,每组4个重复,每个重复15羽。将纳米硒和亚硒酸钠2种硒源分别以0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、1.0mg/kg6个硒水平添加到基础日粮中,配制成12种试验日粮,基础日粮作对照。结果显示:(1)亚硒酸钠添加浓度在0.2～0.4mg/kg硒添加水平范围内肉鸡生长性能和GSH-Px活性处于高峰平台,1.0mg/kg硒添加水平肉鸡生长性能和GSH-Px活性显著低于0.2～0.4mg/kg硒添加水平。纳米硒添加浓度在1.0mg/kg肉鸡生长性能和GSH-Px活性仍然保持在高峰平台。(2)硒源添加浓度在0.1～0.3mg/kg时,亚硒酸钠和纳米硒对肉鸡生长性能的影响无显著差异(P>0.05);硒源添加浓度在0.4～1.0mg/kg时,纳米硒组肉鸡生长性能显著高于亚硒酸钠组(P<0.05)。(3)硒源添加浓度在0.1～0.4mg/kg时,两种硒源对GSH-Px活性的影响无显著差异(P>0.05);在0.5和1.0mg/kg硒添加水平上,纳米硒组GSH-Px活性显著高于亚硒酸钠组(P<0.05)。(4)不加硒的空白组全血和组织硒含量显著低于硒添加组。在同一硒添加水平上,纳米硒组和亚硒酸钠组肉鸡全血硒浓度差异不显著,但是,组织硒含量却受硒源的影响。硒源添加     

亚硒酸钠对绵羊睾丸间质细胞体外增殖和凋亡的影响

本实验旨在研究硒对绵羊睾丸间质细胞体外增殖与凋亡的影响.使用不同浓度的亚硒酸钠(0、2、4、6、8μmol/L)处理绵羊睾丸间质细胞,其中0μmol/L亚硒酸钠为对照组,CCK-8法检测细胞增殖,定量PCR(Quantitative Real-Time PCR,qRT-PCR)检测细胞周期及凋亡相关基因的表达情况,We...     

硒对黄粉虫谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性的影响

为探讨亚硒酸钠对黄粉虫幼虫血淋巴谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—PX）活性的影响,将黄粉虫的中龄幼虫随机分成6组,饲喂含不同浓度的亚硒酸钠饲料。采用DTNB比色法测定GSH—PX活性。结果显示,饲喂含亚硒酸钠的饲料后黄粉虫幼虫血淋巴GSH—PX活力都明显上升：饲喂同一浓度的亚硒酸钠,幼虫血淋巴GSH—PX活力均比对照组高,只有加硒浓度为20mg／kg．80mg／kg在第16d时,黄粉虫血淋巴GSH—PX活力随着饲喂时间的延长而显著上升;饲喂不同浓度的亚硒酸钠,在硒浓度为5mg／kg、10mg／kg时,黄粉虫血淋巴GSH-PX活力随亚硒酸钠浓度的增加显著上升,在硒浓度为20mg／kg时开始下降。     

不同硒源和剂量对成年马的代谢和血液学特征的影响

本研究旨在确定日粮硒源和剂量对马代谢和血液的影响。将25匹成年马根据体重随机分为5组,每组5个重复,每个重复1匹,分别饲喂对照组日粮(不添加硒)、0.2、0.3和0.4mg/kg酵母硒及0.3mg/kg亚硒酸钠,试验共进行112d。结果 :日粮硒源和添加剂量对血浆能量和蛋白代谢相关指标均无显著影响(P 0.05)。0.4mg/kg酵母硒和0.3mg/kg亚硒酸钠组较对照组显著提高了血浆钠浓度(P 0.05),且日粮处理与时间对血浆氯浓度的影响具有显著交互作用(P 0.05)。日粮添加0.3和0.4mg/kg酵母硒较对照组和0.3mg/kg亚硒酸钠组显著降低了血浆总抗氧化物水平(P 0.05),同时随着日粮酵母硒添加水平的升高,血浆总抗氧化物含量表现为显著的剂量-依赖效应(P 0.05)。0.3mg/kg亚硒酸钠组血液淋巴细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞数最低(P 0.05),对照组较酵母硒组显著提高了红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度(P 0.05),而0.2mg/kg酵母硒组红细胞分布宽度最高(P 0.05)。结论 :尽管硒的来源和剂量对炎症和肝脏状态的标记物无显著影响,但血液学特征似乎表明了硒的免疫调节作用,具有表现为酵母硒轻微降低了白细胞计数。     

羧甲基壳聚糖硒对小鼠脏器指数、脾脏空斑形成细胞溶血能力及血浆SOD活性的影响

为研究羧甲基壳聚糖硒对小鼠脏器指数、脾脏空斑形成细胞溶血能力及血浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的影响,试验选择KM小鼠60只(雌雄各半)随机分为对照组、亚硒酸钠组和羧甲基壳聚糖硒组,每组20只(雌雄各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,亚硒酸钠组和羧甲基壳聚糖硒组分别在基础日粮中添加亚硒酸钠和羧甲基壳聚糖硒(其剂量以硒计均为0.2 mg/kg),试验期28 d。结果表明:羧甲基壳聚糖硒组小鼠脾脏空斑形成细胞溶血能力高于亚硒酸钠组,亚硒酸钠组高于对照组,且差异极显著(P0.01);羧甲基壳聚糖硒组小鼠血浆SOD活性高于亚硒酸钠组,亚硒酸钠组小鼠血浆SOD活性高于对照组,且羧甲基壳聚糖硒组与亚硒酸钠组之间无显著差异(P0.05),亚硒酸钠组与对照组之间差异显著(P0.05);羧甲基壳聚糖硒组与亚硒酸钠组和对照组小鼠的肝脏、肾脏、心脏和脾脏指数相比均有所增加,亚硒酸钠组与对照组相比有所下降,但差异不显著(P0.05)。说明羧甲基壳聚糖硒与亚硒酸钠均能显著增加小鼠的脾脏空斑形成细胞溶血能力和血浆SOD的活性,但对小鼠的脏器指数无影响。     

亚急性硒中毒对小鼠巨噬细胞与抗体形成细胞的影响

为探讨亚硒酸钠染毒对小鼠免疫功能的影响,将试验动物分为阴性对照组(0.00mg/kg体重.d)、亚硒酸钠低剂量组(0.14mg/kg体重.d)、中剂量组(0.54mg/kg体重.d)和高剂量组(2.16mg/kg体重.d)。连续灌胃30d后处死小鼠,分别用巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞试验与溶血空斑试验检测小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能与抗体形成细胞的数量。结果显示,亚硒酸钠染毒使小鼠巨噬细胞的吞噬功能与抗体形成细胞的数量显著降低,且与染毒剂量具有相关性。表明亚硒酸钠染毒可抑制小鼠非特异性免疫功能,呈现明显剂量效应关系。     

亚硒酸二葡萄糖酯对蛋鸭生产性能、蛋品质及血清生化指标的影响

为研究饲粮添加亚硒酸二葡萄糖酯对产蛋后期蛋鸭生产性能、蛋品质及血清生化指标的影响,试验选用240只50周龄、产蛋率接近的健康临武鸭蛋鸭,随机分成5个组,每组6个重复,每重复8只鸭。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,并添加0.2 mg/kg(以硒计)的亚硒酸钠,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4 mg/kg(以硒计)亚硒酸二葡萄糖酯。预试期7 d,正试期42 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,饲粮中添加亚硒酸二葡萄糖酯对临武鸭的产蛋性能和蛋品质各项指标均无显著影响;添加0.1～0.4 mg/kg亚硒酸二葡萄糖酯能够显著提高4℃贮藏3个月后鸭蛋的哈夫单位;添加0.3 mg/kg或0.4 mg/kg亚硒酸二葡萄糖酯显著提高了蛋鸭血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶含量,添加0.4 mg/kg亚硒酸二葡萄糖酯还可显著提高蛋鸭血清中碱性磷酸酶含量,血清其他指标与对照组无显著差异。结果提示,与添加0.2 mg/kg(以硒计)亚硒酸钠相比,饲粮添加0.1～0.4 mg/kg(以硒计)亚硒酸二葡萄糖酯对蛋鸭产蛋性能和蛋品质指标无显著影响,但能显著提高贮藏期鸭蛋的哈夫单位,有利于蛋保持新鲜;亚硒酸二葡萄糖酯在蛋鸭饲粮中的推荐添加量为0.2 mg/kg(以硒计)。     

妊娠期补硒对产后母鼠脏器指数、血常规参数和抗氧化能力的影响

本试验旨在研究妊娠期补充亚硒酸钠对产后母鼠脏器指数、血常规以及血清和肝脏中抗氧化能力的影响。20只健康Wistar孕鼠随机分为试验组和对照组。试验组母鼠在饮水中添加亚硒酸钠,分别为:低剂量补硒组L(0.2mg/L,n=5)、中剂量补硒组M(0.4mg/L,n=5)、高剂量补硒组H(0.6 mg/L,n=5)和对照组C(0.0 mg/L,n=5)。母鼠于分娩后第4天采样,计算脾脏和胸腺的脏器指数,检测血液生理指标,血清和肝脏中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和丙二醛(MDA)的含量。结果显示,与对照组相比:补硒后试验组大鼠的血小板数目和体积极显著降低(P0.01),胸腺指数无显著性变化(P0.05),但脾脏指数显著升高(P0.05或P0.01);中、低剂量的亚硒酸钠可以显著性或极显著性提高产后母鼠血清和肝脏中的GSH-Px、T-AOC和T-SOD的活性(P0.05或P0.01),同时降低MDA的浓度(P0.05或P0.01)。高剂量的亚硒酸钠可以显著或极显著性提高MDA的浓度以及GSH-Px和T-AOC的活性(P0.05或P0.01),显著性降低血清中T-SOD的活性(P0.05)。妊娠期母鼠适量补充亚硒酸钠可提高产后脾脏指数及血清和肝脏中的抗氧化能力,过量补硒可以抑制抗氧化能力和减少血小板的数量,机理有待于进一步研究。     

亚急性硒中毒对雄性小鼠睾丸能量代谢及抗氧化能力的影响

为了研究亚硒酸钠对小鼠睾丸能量代谢及抗氧化能力的影响,将试验小鼠分为空白对照组(0.00mg/kg体重)、亚硒酸钠低剂量组(0.14mg/kg体重)、中剂量组(0.54mg/kg体重)和高剂量组(2.16mg/kg体重),每天同一时间按以上剂量灌胃,连续30 d.分别于染毒10、20 d和30 d后,处死小鼠,迅速采取睾丸组织,离心,取上清.通过对睾丸能量代谢与抗氧化能力水平的检测,结果显示,染毒后小鼠睾丸乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、细胞超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性明显降低,且随着染毒剂量的增加呈显著下降趋势;小鼠睾丸细胞丙二醛(MDA)含量明显升高,且随着染毒剂量的增加和时间的延长呈显著升高趋势.结果表明,亚急性硒中毒使小鼠睾丸的能量代谢与抗氧化能力受损,试验结果为进一步研究亚急性硒中毒对小鼠生殖系统的影响提供理论依据.     

孕鼠补硒对新生乳鼠肝脏抗氧化能力的影响

将12只健康Wistar孕鼠随机分为3个试验组和1个对照组,每组3只,试验组在饮水中添加不同浓度的亚硒酸钠溶液,分别为低剂量补硒组(0.2 mg/L)、中剂量补硒组(0.4 mg/L)和高剂量补硒组(0.6 mg/L),对照组饮用清洁饮水。母鼠分娩后取新生乳鼠,称重,测定肝脏内谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)。结果:与对照组相比,补硒组新生乳鼠的初生重没有显著性影响(P0.05),但肝脏内GSH-Px、T-SOD活性和T-AOC均极显著升高(P0.01)。试验表明孕鼠补硒能提高新生乳鼠肝脏的抗氧化能力。     

Estimation of the relative biological availability of inorganic selenium sources for ruminants using tissue uptake of selenium

An experiment was conducted to estimate the relative bioavailability of inorganic Se sources based on tissue Se deposition following supplementation at high dietary levels. Twenty-eight crossbred wethers averaging 50 kg initial weight were assigned randomly to seven treatments that were fed for 10 d. The basal diet contained .18 mg/kg Se (DM basis). Dietary Se was added at 0, 3, 6 or 9 mg/kg as reagent grade sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) and 6 mg/kg from either calcium selenite (CaSeO3), Na2SeO3 + fumed amorphous carrier or sodium selenate (Na2SeO4). There were four sheep per treatment group, housed in individual, raised pens with slatted floors. Daily feed intake was restricted to 1,200 g and tap water was available ad libitum. The basal diet was fed for a 10-d adjustment period, then sheep were fed experimental diets for 10 d. At the termination of the experiment, blood samples were taken; sheep were stunned and killed, and livers and kidneys were removed and frozen for Se analysis. There was a linear (P less than .001) uptake of Se in liver, kidney and serum. The CaSeO3 and Na2SeO4 sources resulted in greater (P less than .05) Se concentrations in liver and kidney than did Na2SeO3, but these differences were not significant when the analyzed dietary Se concentrations were used as a covariate in the statistical model. Based on linear and multiple linear regression slopes and average increases in serum, liver and kidney Se concentrations, estimated relative bioavailability values corrected for analyzed dietary concentration, were 100, 101, 90 and 133 for Na2SeO3, CaSeO3, Na2SeO3 + carrier and Na2SeO4, respectively.     

The efficacy of selenium dioxide as a selenium supplement for dairy cattle

The efficacy of selenium dioxide (SeO2) was similar to sodium selenate (Na2SeO4 x 10H2O), in terms of increasing and maintaining blood Se concentrations, when administered orally twice daily to give 0.64 mg of Se/day to grazing dairy cows for 55 days.     

富硒灵芝芒果冰淇淋的制作

用含有150mg／L Na2SeO3的培养基对灵芝进行富硒培养，收集菌体后用水浸提取汁，再将绿皮芒去皮核后磨浆，并加入到冰淇淋配料中，所得的冰淇淋风味独特，颜色微黄，营养价值高，为难得的高档冰淇淋品种。     

铅和（或）镉对大鼠肾细胞的毒性损伤及硒的拮抗作用

为探讨铅和（或）镉的毒性机制及硒的拮抗作用,在大鼠肾细胞培养过程中添加不同浓度的铅、镉和硒,在显微镜下观察细胞形态,测定细胞凋亡率和细胞周期及上清液脂质过氧化指标。结果表明：（1）20μmol/L以上铅、镉单独染毒组细胞损伤严重,加硒后细胞的形态损伤有降低的趋势;（2）铅、镉单独和联合染毒组GSH-Px、SOD活性随染毒剂量的增加,呈逐渐下降趋势（P〈0.05）,而MDA含量和细胞凋亡率则呈升高趋势（P〈0.05）,具有明显的剂量-效应关系和剂量-时间关系;（3）在铅、镉单独和联合染毒组加硒,脂质过氧化指标呈下降趋势（P〈0.05）,说明硒对铅、镉及其联合暴露所致的脂质过氧化损伤有一定的保护作用（P〈0.05）。     

Effects of time and dietary selenium concentration as sodium selenite on tissue selenium uptake by sheep

Thirty crossbred wethers (60 kg avg initial wt) were used to study the time-dose response to dietary Se as sodium selenite (Na2SeO3). Sheep were fed a basal diet (.20 mg/kg Se, M basis) for 10 d; three wethers were killed and tissues were collected for controls. The remaining 27 sheep were assigned randomly to diets supplemented with either 3, 6 or 9 mg/kg Se (as-fed basis) from reagent grade Na2SeO3 and fed for 10, 20 or 30 d. Feed offered was restricted to 1,200 g daily and tap water was available ad libitum. Sheep were stunned and killed by exsanguination and liver, kidney, muscle, heart and spleen were removed and frozen for Se analysis. No toxic effects were noted as expressed by feed intake or hemoglobin concentration. Added dietary Se increased Se linearly (P less than .01) in liver, kidney, and serum. Selenium in liver, kidney and serum also increased (P less than .01) as time advanced. Serum, liver and kidney were more sensitive to dietary Se than were muscle, heart and spleen. Ten days appeared to be an adequate length of time for further Se bioassay studies of this nature. Reagent grade Na2SeO3 was nontoxic when fed to sheep for 30 d at levels up to 90 times the Se requirement.     

不同水平酵母硒对奶牛血液抗氧化能力的影响

本研究旨在通过在奶牛日粮中添加酵母硒,探讨其对奶牛血液抗氧化能力和泌乳性能的影响,为酵母硒在奶牛养殖业中的应用提供参考依据。试验选取40头体况、奶产量、泌乳天数相近的奶牛,分为4组,对照组添加亚硒酸钠,添加后硒水平为0.3 mg/kg日粮,3个处理组在日粮基础上添加酵母硒,添加后日粮硒水平分别为:0.3、0.4 5和0.6 mg/kg。对试验牛群乳样和血样分析表明:与亚硒酸钠相比,添加酵母硒可以极显著降低乳中体细胞数(P<0.0 1),-提高全血硒含量及血清中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC),超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)的活力(P<0.0 1);在0.3 mg/kg硒水平下,与亚硒酸钠相比饲喂酵母硒奶牛血清丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.0 5),综合考虑,日粮硒水平为0.4 5 mg/kg的酵母硒添加组效果较好。     

玉米赤霉烯酮对小鼠胸腺上皮细胞的毒性作用

采用台盼蓝计数、流式细胞仪分析等方法,离体研究玉米赤霉烯酮对小鼠胸腺上皮细胞增殖与细胞周期的影响,结果发现:不同质量浓度(1～25 mg/L)玉米赤霉烯酮对小鼠胸腺上皮细胞的增殖均具有显著抑制作用(P<0.05),并表现出与剂量和处理时间依赖性关系.高剂量(10～25 mg/L)ZEA使小鼠胸腺上皮细胞细胞周期显著阻滞于G2/M期(P<0.05),并存在剂量依赖性关系.这些结果表明,玉米赤霉烯酮对小鼠胸腺上皮细胞有直接毒害作用.     

奶牛日粮中不同水平酵母硒对表观消化率的影响

本试验选取8头体况、奶产量、泌乳天数相近的奶牛，采用4×4拉丁方设计分为4组分别添加4种不同的预混料：对照组不添加酵母硒而添加亚硒酸钠，Se含量为0.3 mg/kg日粮，处理组添加酵母硒，硒水平分别为0.3、0.45、0.6 mg/kg日粮，试验期全天收集牛粪，对常规营养成分进行测定。结果表明：与对照组相比，添加酵母硒0.45 mg/kg组可以提高奶牛对OM、NDF、ADF、纤维素（CEL）、半纤维素（HC）、钙、磷的表观消化率（P<0.01）和粗蛋白质的消化率（P<0.05）；和其他酵母硒处理组相比，0.45 mg/kg组的养分表观消化率也较高。     

Comparison of cupric and sulfate ion effects on chronic selenosis in rats

The ameliorating effects of Cu++ and SO4--ions on concurrent selenite toxicity were compared in two factorial experiments using 60 weanling rats each. In the first experiment, 0, 500 and 1,000 mg Cu (as CuCl2)/kg diet were fed in conjunction with 0, 5, 10 and 20 mg Se (as Na2SeO3)/kg diet. In the second experiment, the treatments were 0, 500 and 1,000 mg SO4 (as Na2SO4)/kg fed in conjunction with 0, 5, 10 and 20 mg Se/kg diet. A paired-feeding experiment using 10, 15 and 20 mg Se/kg diet was also conducted with 28 rats to compare the influence of inanition in control and selenite-fed rats. Cupric++ ion, but not SO4--ion, prevented mortality among selenite-intoxicated rats. There were significant Cu X Se interaction effects on feed intake, daily gain, packed cell volume (PCV), serum Cu and Fe, sperm counts, and weights of liver, kidney and testis. There were main effects of Cu and Se on serum Se and liver Cu. In Exp. 2 there were significant SO4 X Se interaction effects on feed intake, daily gain, serum Cu and testis weight. There were main effects of Se on PCV, sperm count, serum testosterone, liver Se, liver Cu and the absolute weights of liver and kidney. The only main effect of SO4 was that of increased liver Cu concentrations. Among the pair-fed rats, the selenite-fed rats, with one exception, died before their paired rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

人参茎叶总皂苷联合亚硒酸钠对猪伪狂犬病灭活疫苗免疫的增强作用

为了探讨人参茎叶总皂苷(ginseng stem-leaf saponins,GSLS)联合亚硒酸钠(Na2SeO3,简称Se)对伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)灭活疫苗免疫的增强作用,本试验给小鼠口服GSLS后,接种添加了Se的PRV灭活疫苗,并检测免疫后小鼠血清中PRV gB抗体及其亚类(IgG1和IgG2a)水平、淋巴细胞...