Detection of a gonadotropin in rabbit blastocyst before implantation

A gonadotropin similar to human chorionic gonadotropin or luteinizing hormone has been demonstrated in rabbit blastocyst prior to implantation. The gonadotropin has been detected by a radioreceptor assay for human chorionic gonadotropin with the use of the plasma membranes of bovine corpora lutea obtained during the first trimester of pregnancy. The concentrations of the human chorionic gonadotropin or luteinizing hormone per milliliter of blastocyst fluid were tenfold higher than those in the blood of pregnant rabbits on days 5 and 6 after mating.     

Radioreceptor assay of human chorionic gonadotropin: detection of early pregnancy

A rapid, sensitive, and specific radioreceptor assay for the determination of human chorionic gonadotropin and luteinizing hormone in plasma is described. Plasma membranes of bovine corpora lutea of early pregnancy, which bind biologically active labeled human chorionic gonadotropin, have been used as receptor. Pregnancy could be detected by assaying the gonadotropin in plasma samples obtained from day 6 to 8 after conception.     

Biologically active chorionic gonadotropin: synthesis by the human fetus

The kidney, and to a slight extent the liver, of human fetuses were found to synthesize and secrete the alpha subunit common to glycoprotein hormones. Fetal lung and muscle did not synthesize this protein. Since fetal kidney and liver were previously found to synthesize beta chorionic gonadotropin, their ability to synthesize bioactive chorionic gonadotropin was also determined. The newly synthesized hormone bound to mouse Leydig cells and elicited a biological response: namely, the synthesis of testosterone. These results suggest that the human fetus may participate in metabolic homeostasis during its development.     

Gonadotropin-induced anomalies of the zona pellucida of the baboon ovum

Vesiclulation and other anomalies were observed in the zona pellucida about the ovum of female baboons (Papio anubis) that had received treatment with Pergonal and human chorionic gonadotropin; and in somiie instances the zona pellucida was absent.     

Male sterility induced in tomato by sodium 2, 3-dichloroisobutyrate

Increasing the pH from 3.0 to 10.8 increased the uterine weight three-fold and the number of positive vaginal smears from 0 to 78 percent in immature rats injected with chorionic gonadotropin in aqueous solution. Activity of a solution held at pH 2.6 and 5 degrees C for 24 hours was restored by neutralization.     

激素对大约克母猪人工催情与同期发情的效果

为筛选出适合毕节地区环境和饲养条件的母猪发情控制技术,进行了不同激素对乏情青年母猪和经产母猪的同期发情处理试验.结果表明,孕马血清促性腺激素(Pregnant mare serum gonadotropin,PMSG)和人绒毛膜促性腺激素(Human chorionic gonadotrophin,HCG)对生理性乏情...     

Expression of beta-nerve growth factor receptor mRNA in Sertoli cells downregulated by testosterone

Nerve growth factor (NGF) is synthesized in male germ cells. The NGF receptor (NGFR) mRNA was found in the Sertoli cells of rat testis. Hypophysectomy increased both NGFR mRNA in testis and the number of NGFR hybridizing cells in seminiferous tubules. This was suppressed by treatment with chorionic gonadotropin or testosterone, but not with follicle-stimulating hormone. The NGFR mRNA also increased after destruction of Leydig cells or blocking of the androgen receptor. This suggests that NGF produced by male germ cells regulates testicular function in an androgen-modulated fashion by mediating an interaction germ and Sertoli cells.     

妊娠母马eCG分泌水平的研究进展

马绒毛膜促性腺激素(Equine chorionic gonadotropin,eCG)是马属动物妊娠早期由子宫内膜杯分泌的一种异源二聚体糖蛋白,文章综述了妊娠母马子宫内膜杯的结构、eCG的生物学特性、eCG在动物繁殖中的应用、不同马属动物、马的品种、年龄、及母马所怀胎儿性别等遗传、生理因素对妊娠母马eCG分泌水平的影响。研究表明,怀驴骡母驴、轻年怀头胎的妊娠母马、怀雌性胎儿的妊娠母马eCG的分泌水平较高。eCG作为一种胎源的糖蛋白很可能在母体的免疫耐受中发挥特定的作用。     

泥鳅的人工繁殖与苗种培育研究

采用地欧酮(DOM)、绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)、促排卵素2号(LHRH-A2)3种不同药物对泥鳅进行催产试验,结果表明每尾泥鳅注射DOM 0.25 mg+LHRH-A2 3μg+HCG 150 IU为最佳催产激素配比,催产率达到85%。规模化泥鳅苗种培育阶段的开口饵料以蛋黄和浮游生物混合营养为佳,在透明度为50 cm的土池培育的泥鳅苗种成活率高、生长快。     

The involvement of platelet activating factor in ovulation

Follicle rupture during ovulation is associated with inflammation-like changes. Because platelet activating factor (PAF) participates in the inflammatory process, the effect of a PAF-specific antagonist, BN52021, on the ovulatory response was tested in rats. BN52021, administered locally, inhibited follicle rupture in rats stimulated to ovulate with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). In addition to suppressing rupture of the follicles, this antagonist suppressed the hCG-stimulated increase in ovarian collagenolysis and vascular permeability. The inhibition of ovulation of BN52021 could be reversed by simultaneous administration of PAF. Furthermore, PAF partially reversed the blockage of ovulation by inhibitors of eicosanoid synthesis. Collectively, these results suggest the involvement of PAF in ovulation. Its role seems to be closely related to the metabolism of arachidonic acid. Thus, modulation of PAF action may serve as an additional target for regulation of reproduction via its action on ovulation.     

鱼类催产激素对齐口裂腹鱼繁殖的影响

分别使用促黄体素释放激素(LHRH-A2)、绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)和地欧酮(DOM)3种鱼类催产激素6个组合,对齐口裂腹鱼(Schizothorax prenanti Tchang)亲鱼进行注射催产处理,比较催产率、受精率和孵化率的变化,探讨齐口裂腹鱼对不同催产激素及其组合的适应性和敏感性,从而找出最适合齐口裂腹鱼繁殖的催产激素组合。结果表明,齐口裂腹鱼亲鱼对LHRH-A2、HCG和DOM组合的敏感度最高,催产率和孵化率显著优于单一激素和其他激素组合。     

An insertion in the human thyrotropin receptor critical for high affinity hormone binding

Thyrotropin (TSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and chorionic gonadotropin (CG) are structurally related glycoprotein hormones, which bind to receptors that share a high degree of sequence similarity. However, comparison of the primary amino acid sequences of the TSH and LH-CG receptors reveals two unique insertions of 8 and 50 amino acids in the extracellular domain of the TSH receptor. The functional significance of these insertions were determined by site-directed mutagenesis. Deletion of the 50-amino acid tract (residues 317 to 366) had no effect on TSH binding or on TSH and thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) biological activities. In contrast, either deletion or substitution of the eight-amino acid region (residues 38 to 45) abolished these activities. This eight-amino acid tract near the amino terminus of the TSH receptor appears to be an important site of interaction for both TSH and TSI.     

二氧化碳气腹作用时间对妊娠中期大鼠β-绒毛膜促性腺激素的影响

目的探讨二氧化碳（CO2）气腹作用时间对妊娠中期大鼠血浆、胎盘和羊水中β－绒毛膜促性腺激素（β-HCG）水平的影响。方法18只妊娠中期（妊娠10～15d）SD大鼠随机分为3组,每组6只。组1不接受CO2气腹处理,组2、3分别接受15mmHgCO2气腹作用1、2h。用ELISA检测各组大鼠血浆、胎盘和羊水中β－HCG含量。结果组3大鼠血浆和胎盘中β-HCG含量高于组1大鼠（P〈0．05）,组1、2血浆和胎盘组织中β—HCG含量差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。各组羊水中β-HCG2差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论在相同气腹压力下,妊娠中期大鼠血浆和胎盘中β-HCG含量随气腹作用时间延长而增加,而羊水中β-HCG含量不受影响。     

米非司酮药物流产后发生恶性滋养细胞肿瘤2例临床分析

目的探讨应用米非司酮行药物流产后发生恶性滋养细胞肿瘤的临床特点及其与不全药物流产的鉴别诊断.方法对2例应用米非司酮行药物流产后发生恶性滋养细胞肿瘤的患者进行临床分析.结果药物流产后发生恶性滋养细胞肿瘤患者与不全药物流产一样,表现为不规则阴道出血,β-hCG高于正常,但前者动态监测或刮宫术后β-hCG呈明显上升趋势;彩色多普勒血流图显示子宫动脉扩张,子宫旁血管有滋养细胞浸润,可见肿瘤染色、动静脉漏等.结论米非司酮药物流产后,阴道异常出血者有早期恶性滋养细胞肿瘤发生的可能,动态监测β-hCG、彩色多普勒血流图及血管减影术是诊断药物流产后发生恶性滋养细胞肿瘤及其与不全流产鉴别诊断的有效方法.     

猪卵母细胞体外成熟及乙醇孤雌激活研究

探讨了不同基础培养液(mTCM-199、NCSU23)和PMSG、HCG浓度、作用时间对猪卵母细胞体外成熟的影响和乙醇及乙醇与各种化学试剂联合处理对猪体外成熟卵母细胞孤雌激活、孤雌生殖胚胎发育的影响,最终找到了优异的猪卵母细胞体外成熟培养体系,并确定了乙醇孤雌激活的适宜浓度、作用时间和与不同化学试剂联合处理的适宜组合。结果表明:优化的猪卵母细胞体外成熟培养体系为NCSU23 20 IU/mLPMSG 20IU/mL HCG 10%PFF,激素作用时间为45 h,成熟率可达70.3%±3.9%;乙醇的适宜激活浓度为8%,激活率为29.6% 2.5%;乙醇激活的适宜处理时间为10 min,激活率为32.6%±4.1%;乙醇与CB CHX联合处理的激活率最高,激活率为60.8%±3.2%,卵裂率、3-4细胞率、6-8细胞率分别为45.1%±3.0%、28.6%±3.7%、8.7%±1.2%;乙醇与CB 6-DAMP联合处理的激活率为51.7%±1.9%,卵裂率、3-4细胞率、6-8细胞率分别为41.7%±3.6%、30.3%±4.3%、9.9%±1.8%,虽然激活率、卵裂率低于乙醇与CB CHX处理组,但3-4细胞率、6-8细胞率均高于乙醇与CB CHX处理组(30.3%±4.3%对28.6%±3.7%,9.9%±1.8%对8.7%±1.2%)。因此,乙醇激活的适宜方法为:8%乙醇处理10 min,CB 6-DAMP处理7 h。     

促性腺释放激素对公兔繁殖性能的影响

本试验研究了促性腺释放激素对公兔繁殖性能的影响。试验结果表明促性腺释放激素可以显著提高公兔的性欲、精子浓度(P<0.05)、精子活力(P<0.05)和每次射精的活精子数(P<0.01)。射精量也有所增加,但差异不显著。     

Inductive interactions between human dermis and chick chorionic epithelium

In a study of specificity in mesenchymal-epithelial interactions, human embryonic dermis has been recombined with chick chorionic epithelium and cultured for 7 days on a host chick chorioallantoic membrane. Dermis from the sole of the foot or palm of the hand induces chick chorionic epithelium to form an epidermis that resembles chick rather than human epidermis. Chick epithelium, though it has the capacity to respond to a human dermal stimulus, is limited to forming chick-type tissue. The human dermis was modified in its turn by culture in combination with chick epithelium.     

Male contraception; synergism of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog and testosterone in suppressing gonadotropin

Long-term administration of either superactive analog's of gonadotropin-releasing hormone or of testosterone suppresses gonadotropin secretion in male animals and humans. Testosterone administered in combination with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog further suppresses serum gonadotropin levels in male rats. This observation indicates synergistic activity and suggests that the gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog and testosterone act at independent sites within the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. The primary actions of superactive analog are probably mediated by changes at a postreceptor site in the pituitary gonadotropin-secreting cells.     

Stimulation of gonadotropin release by a non-GnRH peptide sequence of the GnRH precursor

The human gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) precursor comprises the GnRH sequence followed by an extension of 59 amino acids. Basic amino acid residues in the carboxyl terminal extension may represent sites of processing to biologically active peptides. A synthetic peptide comprising the first 13 amino acids (H X Asp-Ala-Glu-Asn-Leu-Ile-Asp-Ser-Phe-Gln-Glu-Ile-Val X OH) of the 59-amino acid peptide was found to stimulate the release of gonadotropic hormones from human and baboon anterior pituitary cells in culture. The peptide did not affect thyrotropin or prolactin secretion. A GnRH antagonist did not inhibit gonadotropin stimulation by the peptide, and the peptide did not compete with GnRH for GnRH pituitary receptors, indicating that the action of the peptide is independent of the GnRH receptor. The GnRH precursor contains two distinct peptide sequences capable of stimulating gonadotropin release from human and baboon pituitary cells.     

Primary structure of the human chorionic somatomammotropin (HCS) molecule

The complete amino acid sequence of the human chorionic somatomammotropin molecule been proposed; and then compared with that of human growth hormone and ovine lactogenic hormone.