共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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水稻稻瘟病抗性育种研究进展 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
稻瘟病是水稻三大病害之一。综述了稻瘟病菌的致病机理、病菌的变异性和抗稻瘟病基因的定位、克隆的研究进展,以及抗稻瘟病育种的主要方法,并就目前稻瘟病育种中存在的问题和相应的对策进行了分析探讨,以为加速抗稻瘟病育种工作进程,提高工作成效提供依据。 相似文献
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水稻对稻瘟病抗性的分子生物学研究进展 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
介绍了水稻对稻瘟病抗性的分子生物学研究进展,主要包括:用于定位作图的分子标记的种类和特点、稻瘟病抗性基因的分子标记定位、稻瘟病抗性基因的等位性比较研究、稻瘟病菌生理小种无毒基因的克隆以及稻瘟病抗性基因克隆研究进展等。 相似文献
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水稻稻瘟病抗性的研究进展 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
稻瘟病是当前粳稻主产区危害最严重的病害之一,而品种抗病性的利用则被公认为是病害综合防治的根本策略。本文从抗性鉴定方法、抗性资源筛选和发掘、抗性遗传规律及抗病基因定位3个方面,对水稻稻瘟病抗性的研究进展进行了简要综述,以期为水稻抗稻瘟病的育种提供参考。同时对水稻品种稻瘟病抗性研究的现存问题与今后的研究方向进行了讨论。 相似文献
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Rice blast is one of the most destructive diseases affecting rice production worldwide. The development and rational use of resistant varieties has been the most effective and economical measure to control blast. In this review, we summarized the cloning and utilization of rice blast resistance genes, such as Pi1, Pi2, Pi9, Pi54, Pigm and Piz-t. We concluded that three main problems in the current breeding of rice blast resistance are: availability of few R(resistance) genes that confer resistance to both seedling and panicle blast, the resistance effect of pyramided lines is not the result of a simple accumulation of resistance spectrum, and only a few R genes have been successfully used for molecular breeding. Therefore, novel utilization strategies for rice blast R genes in molecular breeding were proposed, such as accurately understanding the utilization of R genes in main modern rice varieties, creating a core resistant germplasm with excellent comprehensive traits, screening and utilizing broadspectrum and durable resistance gene combinations. Lastly, the trends and possible development direction of blast resistance improvement were also discussed, including new genes regulating resistance identified via GWAS(genome-wide association study) and improving rice blast resistance using genetic editing. 相似文献
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【目的】子预44是一具有广谱持久稻瘟病抗性的云南地方粳稻品种。为了鉴定子预44中候选稻瘟病抗性相关基因,【方法】本研究利用高通量测序技术(High-throughput sequencing)对子预44和感病水稻江南香糯进行了全基因组测序。而后使用软件GATK(3.4-46)对高质量测序结果进行SNP和InDel的检测和统计,进一步筛选出子预44和江南香糯DNA水平存在SNPs/InDels多态性抗病相关基因。【结果】通过Hiseq X10 PE150平台分别获得了4 118 170 045 bp和2 995 054 509 bp子预44和江南香糯的基因组数据,比对到参考基因组(Ensembl release 31)的比对率分别为98.56%和98.30%。在抗病水稻子预44和感病水稻江南香糯之间鉴定了922个纯合突变的差异抗病相关基因。结合基因定位结果,在子预44中鉴定了一个新的抗稻瘟病候选基因。【结论】 研究结果为子预44中抗稻瘟病新基因的克隆提供了参考,对子预44广谱持久抗瘟分子机制的研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
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水稻子预44和江南香糯基因组比较鉴定稻瘟病抗性相关基因 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
【目的】子预44是一具有广谱持久稻瘟病抗性的云南地方粳稻品种。为了鉴定子预44中候选稻瘟病抗性相关基因,【方法】本研究利用高通量测序技术(High-throughput sequencing)对子预44和感病水稻江南香糯进行了全基因组测序。而后使用软件GATK(3.4-46)对高质量测序结果进行SNP和InDel的检测和统计,进一步筛选出子预44和江南香糯DNA水平存在SNPs/InDels多态性抗病相关基因。【结果】通过Hiseq X10 PE150平台分别获得了4 118 170 045 bp和2 995 054 509 bp子预44和江南香糯的基因组数据,比对到参考基因组(Ensembl release 31)的比对率分别为98.56%和98.30%。在抗病水稻子预44和感病水稻江南香糯之间鉴定了922个纯合突变的差异抗病相关基因。结合基因定位结果,在子预44中鉴定了一个新的抗稻瘟病候选基因。【结论】研究结果为子预44中抗稻瘟病新基因的克隆提供了参考,对子预44广谱持久抗瘟分子机制的研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
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Rice blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae continues to be the most destructive disease of rice worldwide, and is a number one disease of rice in Uganda. We present the footprints of M. oryzae importance, distribution, incidence and severity in the rice growing agro-ecologies of Uganda for 2009/2010, and the potential mitigation measures. Our data show that rice blast affects more than 50% of the cultivated rice area on average, and ranks as the most important disease encountered in the field. Between and within agroecologies, both incidence and severity varied (P < 0.05) reflecting the contribution of different cropping practices on rice blast epiphytotics. The highest blast incidence and severities were recorded in Bugiri, Butaleja, Mbale and Lira farmlands, which are the ancestral rice cultivation areas in Uganda. These areas showed mean yield reductions of >30% relative to other locations, suggesting that rice production history played a significant role in rice blast outbreaks. Broadcasting and drill seeding yielded 42.4% less than transplanted rice. Growing two rice crops per year is one of the methods suggested to increase rice production in Uganda, but there was a higher disease incidence in the late season than in the early season, indicating the need for improved resistant varieties. Four blast resistance genes (Pi9, Piz-t, Pi19 and Piz-5) and the cultivar Tetep had the lowest (≤4) blast severity scores in all the test locations. It could be suggested that these genes are potential resistance sources for developing varieties, which would be more relevant for the double cropping systems. 相似文献
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