水分胁迫下外生菌根对马尾松幼苗养分吸收的影响

利用接种褐环乳牛肝菌、鸡油菌、彩色豆马勃、土生空团菌的马尾松苗,在温室采用盆栽方法,研究水分胁迫下,不同菌根化苗对养分的吸收情况.结果表明:在水分胁迫下,外生菌根能显著提高马尾松幼苗对N、P、K的吸收.随胁迫加剧,菌根化苗N、P含量和磷酸酶活性均呈先增后降趋势,在中度胁迫时达最大,其中,接种褐环乳牛肝菌l的苗对N、P吸收效果最好,分别比对照增加56.65％和44.32％;接种彩色豆马勃和褐环乳牛肝菌1的马尾松苗的K含量随胁迫的加剧先增后降,在轻度胁迫时达最大,分别比对照增加221.99％和200.00％.N和K主要分布在叶中,而P在根、茎、叶中分布较均匀,菌根的形成有利于马尾松幼苗N、K的上行运输.在轻度和中度胁迫下,接种褐环乳牛肝菌1对提高马尾松苗N、P、K的吸收和含量效果最好,同时也促进了马毛松幼苗生长和抗旱能力的增强.     

褐环乳牛肝菌与绿木霉复合接种对辽西北地区樟子松根系的影响

【目的】研究盆栽培养条件下单接种和复合接种褐环乳牛肝菌、绿木霉对樟子松幼苗生长特性、根系结构的影响,进一步揭示根际微生物对植物根系构型的调控作用。【方法】以辽西北种植的樟子松为研究对象,设计4个试验处理:1.接种无菌PD培养基(CK);2.接种绿木霉(T43);3.接种褐环乳牛肝菌(N94);4.接种褐环乳牛肝菌和绿木霉(N94+T43)。1年后分别测定樟子松幼苗在不同处理条件下菌根依赖度、生长指标、根系拓扑指数、分形维数。【结果】1)复合接种(N94+T43)菌根依赖度为84.91%,显著高于单接种和CK(P0.05)。2)不同处理对樟子松幼苗苗高、地径、鲜质量、干质量提高效果依次为N94+T43N94T43CK。3)根冠比大小依次为T43CKN94N94+T43。4)复合接种N94+T43显著增加了樟子松根系总长度、表面积、体积、平均直径、根尖数、分叉数等根系参数,与其他处理差异显著(P0.05)。5)不同处理拓扑指数均接近于1,表明樟子松幼苗根系为典型的鱼尾形分枝;2年生樟子松幼苗根系分形维数依次为N94+T43N94T43CK。【结论】复合接种N94+T43菌根依赖度最大,降低了根冠比,提高了幼苗的苗高、地径、干质量、鲜质量,显著增加了樟子松根系总长度、表面积等根系参数,与其他处理差异显著(P0.05)。各处理均未改变樟子松根系的鱼尾形分枝模式,但复合接种N94+T43根系分形维数最大。表明复合接种褐环乳牛肝菌和绿木霉(N94+T43)对樟子松根系构型的调控作用大于其他处理方式。     

樟子松苗木促生长高效外生菌根菌的筛选

采用离体培养法制备的6种菌剂对1年生樟子松苗木进行接种,接种3个月后观察苗木的生长情况表明,褐环乳牛肝菌和厚环乳牛肝菌的菌根合成率最高,均达到65%以上,说明这2种菌对樟子松有良好的契合度。褐环乳牛肝菌和厚环乳牛肝菌在促进樟子松苗木苗高和地径生长方面效果最为理想,在鲜重方面也是最高,说明褐环乳牛肝菌和厚环乳牛肝菌应为樟子松苗木的高效外生菌根菌。     

利用食用型外生菌根真菌生产菌根化苗木的研究（二）马尾松苗木菌根化效应

选用松乳菇的二个株系和华南牛肝菌为供试食用型菌根真菌,将它们接种在马尾松苗床上,成功获得马尾松菌根化苗木。播种育苗3个月后,每个处理随机选取马尾松幼苗100株,检测和分析马尾松苗木的菌根化效应。 1 马尾松苗木的菌根感染率 根据具有菌根的苗木根数占总抽取根数的百分比来测定菌根感染率,以确定苗木的菌根化程度。测得结果如图1。     

干旱胁迫及外生菌根菌对马尾松幼苗根系形态及分泌物的影响

【目的】探究干旱胁迫下接种不同外生菌根真菌对马尾松幼苗根系生长、形态、根系分泌物及根际土壤酶活性的影响,为阐明不同外生菌根菌促生抗逆的策略提供参考。【方法】采用棚内盆栽试验,分析正常浇水和干旱胁迫条件下,接种橙黄硬皮马勃(Sc)、琥珀乳牛肝菌(Sp)和未接菌(CK)马尾松幼苗的地上和地下生长、根系分泌物及根际土壤酶活性差异。【结果】1)干旱胁迫抑制马尾松生长和根系活力,但接种Sc和Sp均能促进马尾松幼苗生长、生物量积累和根系活力,改善根系形态,以接种Sc效果更佳。2)在根系分泌物中共检测出酸类、酮类、萜类、酯类、醇类和醛类6大类有机物质,共28种化合物。分泌物组成和相对含量受接菌和干旱胁迫调控,其中,接种Sc和Sp分别使分泌物种类增加和降低;无论是否接菌,分泌物种类均在干旱胁迫下增加;各类分泌物相对含量对干旱和接菌处理响应明显且存在差异,变化幅度和方向与分泌物种类有关;接种菌根菌能改变干旱胁迫下各类分泌物相对含量的变化,主要表现在抑制萜类相对含量、增加醛类相对含量,同时,酸类物质相对含量下降程度更大。菌根菌对同一组分不同化合物相对含量也有显著影响。3)马尾松幼苗接种Sp后通过提高根际土...     

接种外生菌根真菌对马尾松幼苗生长的影响

采用松乳菇(Lactariusdeliciosus01,02)、华南牛肝菌(Suillusplacidu504)和双色蜡蘑(LaccariabicolorS238N)4株外生菌根真菌固体纯培养接种物,对马尾松进行了圃地育苗接种试验。接种6个月后取样,比较了接种和未接种马尾松幼苗的生长、菌根侵染率和氮磷钾含量的差异。结果表明,外生菌根对马尾松幼苗的生长和氮磷钾养分的吸收有明显的促进作用,接种幼苗的株高、地径、生物量和氮磷钾含量等显著增加,菌根感染率超过65%以上,较对照均达显著水平(P<0 05)。     

铝对外生菌根真菌草酸分泌及氮磷钾吸收的影响(英文)

选用来自我国西南酸性土壤上的松乳菇、褐环乳牛肝菌和来自西北石灰性土壤的厚环乳牛肝菌、土生空团菌作为供试菌株,采用液体培养的方法,研究不同浓度铝对4种外生菌根真菌的生长、草酸分泌及氮磷钾吸收的影响。结果表明:铝胁迫下,4种外生菌根真菌生物量均出现不同程度的下降,且松乳菇与褐环乳牛肝菌生物量下降幅度较厚环乳牛肝菌、土生空团菌少;同时,松乳菇与褐环乳牛肝菌无论在是否含铝的培养基中均有较高的草酸分泌量。这可能是由于草酸能够与培养基中的铝螯合,从而降低铝离子的活性、减轻对菌株的伤害。在大多数铝处理的菌丝中,松乳菇与褐环乳牛肝菌的氮磷钾吸收量高于厚环乳牛肝菌与土生空团菌。根据菌株在铝胁迫下的生物量与养分吸收状况可知,选自酸性土壤上的菌种具有较强的抗铝性,这可能是酸性土壤上自然选择的结果。另外,培养基中适当的铝浓度能够增加4种菌株的磷含量,这可能是有益于沉淀细胞内的铝以减轻铝毒。     

接种双色蜡蘑对酸性铝胁迫下马尾松幼苗生长、养分和铝吸收与分布的影响

【目的】探索菌根化植物在田间条件下对酸性铝胁迫的抗性和营养机制,并筛选出抗铝性强的菌根苗,为我国酸性土壤林区的造林和植被恢复提供理论和实践支持。【方法】选用双色蜡蘑的3个菌株(Lb S238A、Lb S238N和Lb 270)分别接种马尾松,形成3种菌根苗,并以非菌根苗为对照,在酸性山地冷砂黄壤中培养4周,每周分别施入p H 3.8的不含A1和含1.0 mmol·L-1Al的Hoagland营养液,连续处理12周后取样检测并分析接种双色蜡蘑对酸性铝胁迫下马尾松幼苗生长、养分和铝吸收与分布的影响。【结果】酸性铝胁迫促进Lb S238A菌根苗的生长及对磷、钙、镁和铝的吸收,抑制Lb S238N和Lb 270菌根苗的生长及Lb 270菌根苗对钙和镁的吸收。与非菌根苗相比,接种双色蜡蘑均能促进酸性铝胁迫下马尾松幼苗的生长及对磷、钙和镁的吸收,抑制或不影响铝的吸收。其中接种Lb S238A的效果最好,可使酸性铝胁迫下苗木的生物量提高69.9%,磷、钙和镁吸收量分别增加68.9%、69.7%和81.5%。酸性铝胁迫下,接种双色蜡蘑对马尾松幼苗生长的促进作用主要表现在地上部分尤其是茎的生长上;接种Lb S238A或Lb S238N降低根、茎、叶中的铝浓度,而接种Lb 270降低根和茎中的铝浓度,尤其是降低茎中铝浓度;接种Lb S238A和Lb 270分别使茎和根中钙浓度减少,但接种Lb S238N却提高叶中钙浓度;3株双色蜡蘑的侵染均使磷浓度在根中降低而在叶中增加,使磷、钙和铝的分布在根中减少而在叶中增加。【结论】接种双色蜡蘑通过促进酸性铝胁迫下马尾松幼苗对磷、钙和镁等养分的吸收,推动磷、钙和铝向地上部转运,抑制或不影响铝的吸收且稀释铝浓度来提高马尾松苗木对铝毒的抗性。供试苗木中,抗铝性和养分吸收能力最强的是Lb S238A的菌根苗,适于在铝浓度较高的酸性土壤上种植;Lb S238N或Lb 270的菌根苗虽对铝敏感,但却能在铝浓度较低的酸性土壤上生长优良。     

褐环乳牛肝菌对马尾松幼苗根际土壤微环境的影响

为探索菌根-土壤-植物共生体系原理,以马尾松为供试植物,研究褐环乳牛肝菌Sl12、Sl13对苗木根际和非根际土壤pH值、酶活性和可培养微生物数量的影响。结果表明:(1)褐环乳牛肝菌接种处理会使苗木根际土壤的p H值降低0.13。(2)褐环乳牛肝菌在不同程度上增加根际土壤过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶、磷酸酶的活性,与CK相比,Sl13菌株根际土壤酶活性分别增加47.14%、8.86%、5.91%、22.38%。(3)接种褐环乳牛肝菌能显著增加根际土壤细菌、放线菌、真菌的数量。其中,Sl12菌株能显著增加土壤中可培养真菌数量,提升效果优于Sl13。与CK相比,接种组Sl12菌株根际真菌数量增加63.75%,Sl13菌株增加39.06%。研究表明褐环乳牛肝菌通过改变马尾松苗木的根际土壤微环境,从而促进植物生长发育,提高植物抗逆性。     

马尾松外生菌根菌的培养和育苗效应研究

对彩色豆马勃、厚环乳牛肝菌、血红铆钉菇等７株菌根菌株在４种培养基、３种温度梯度下的生长状况和马尾松苗期接种效果进行研究。结果表明：改良麦芽汁培养基是外生菌根菌的适宜培养基；彩色豆马勃适应力强，明显促进马尾松苗期生长，菌根感染率高，但各菌株之间存在差异；厚环乳牛肝菌不适宜马尾松的苗期生长。     

马尾松菌根化苗水分胁迫生理与耐旱性研究

采用人工模拟水分胁迫方法,对马尾松菌根化和非菌根化容器苗的耐旱性进行研究,结果表明,水分胁迫可显著降低马尾松容器苗土壤中的水分含量,对菌根化苗和非菌根化苗光合色素、硝酸还原酶、丙二醛等生理物质含量、水分含量和根系活力均有显著影响。但在同等程度的水分胁迫条件下,菌根化苗所受的影响明显低于非菌根化苗,其光合能力、降低水分蒸腾能力、减轻细胞膜受损能力、根系活力和苗木含水率均高于非菌根化苗,这表明菌根化苗的耐旱性高于非菌根化苗。因此,为提高马尾松容器苗的耐旱能力和造林成活率,采用印度块菌子囊果匀浆制成的孢子悬浮液对苗木进行接种菌根处理是可行的。     

Selection of efficient VA mycorrhizal fungi for Casuarina equisetifolia—second screening

An investigation was carried out to screen and select efficient vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi for inoculating the forest tree species, Casuarina equisetifolia. The seedlings were inoculated with 10 different VAM fungi, obtained from various sources. Inoculated seedlings generally had greater plant height, stem girth, biomass and P content than uninoculated plants. They also had more mycorrhizal root colonization and spore numbers in root zone soil. C. equisetifolia seedlings responded best (in biomass) to inoculation with Glomus mosseae (Nicolson and Gerdemann) Gerdemann and Trappe, closely followed by Acaulospora laevis Gerdemann and Trappe and G. fasciculatum (Thaxter Sensu Gerdemann) Gerdemann and Trappe; all the three being statistically on par with each other.     

Growth and nutrient uptake of ectomycorrhizal Pinus sylvestris seedlings in a natural substrate treated with elevated Al concentrations

Models of the effects of elevated concentrations of aluminum (Al) on growth and nutrient uptake of forest trees frequently ignore the effects of mycorrhizal fungi. In this study, we present novel data indicating that ectomycorrhizal mycelia may prevent leaching of base cations and Al. Mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal Pinus sylvestris L. seedlings were grown in sand obtained from the B-horizon of a local forest. In Experiment 1, non-mycorrhizal seedlings and seedlings inoculated with Hebeloma cf. longicaudum (Pers.: Fr.) Kumm. ss. Lange or Laccaria bicolor (Maire) Orton were provided with nutrient solution containing 2.5 mM Al. Aluminum did not affect growth of non-mycorrhizal seedlings or seedlings inoculated with L. bicolor. Seedlings colonized by H. cf. longicaudum had the highest biomass production of all seedlings grown without added Al, but the fungus did not tolerate Al. Shoots of seedlings colonized by L. bicolor had the lowest nitrogen (N) concentrations but the highest phosphorus (P) concentrations of all seedlings. The treatments had small but significant effects on shoot and root Al concentrations. In Experiment 2, inoculation with L. bicolor was factorially combined with the addition of a complete nutrient solution, or a solution lacking the base cations K, Ca and Mg, and solutions containing 0 or 0.74 mM Al. Seedling growth decreased in response to 0.74 mM Al, but the effect was significant only for non-mycorrhizal seedlings. Mycorrhizal seedlings generally had higher P concentrations than non-mycorrhizal seedlings. Aluminum reduced P uptake in non-mycorrhizal plants but had no effect on P uptake in mycorrhizal plants. Mycorrhizal colonization increased the pH of the soil solution by about 0.5 units and addition of Al decreased the pH by the same amount. We conclude that the presence of ectomycorrhizal mycelia decreased leaching of base cations and Al from the soil.     

Improving drought tolerance of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Casuarina equisetifolia</Emphasis> seedlings by arbuscular mycorrhizas under glasshouse conditions

Effects of mycorrhizal association on improving tolerance of host plant under stress environments have received attentions in recent years. In this paper, six isolates of AMF (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus) were inoculated to Casuarina equisetifolia seedlings under glasshouse conditions to investigate the effects of AMF on growth and drought tolerance of host plants. All the six isolates which belong to Glomus showed high mycorrhizal colonization (88.5–96.0%) with C. equisetifolia seedlings. Seedlings were subjected to drought stress without watering for 7 days and survival of the seedlings inoculated with Glomus caledonium Gc90068, G. versiforme Gv9004 and G. caledonium Gc90036 increased by 36.6, 23.3 and 16.6%, respectively compared with uninoculated seedlings. Limited influence of AMF on seedling height growth was found, but the effects of AMF on total biomass increment were very significant; the increment ranged from 25.7 to 118.9% compared with uninoculated treatment, and it was noted that AMF exerted more influences on root biomass than shoot biomass. Based on the changes in physiological and biochemical parameters among different treatments caused by drought stress, it was concluded that AM (arbuscular mycorrhizal) associations improve the drought tolerance of C. equisetifolia seedlings by means of some physiological and biochemical responses, such as lowering permeability of plasma membrane and MDA (malondialdehyde) contents, enhancing concentrations of P nutrition, soluble sugar, soluble protein and activities of POX (Peroxidase) of C. equisetifolia seedlings.     

乡土用材树种与红菇菌根菌高效共生体的筛选研究

为筛选乡土用材树种与菌根型食用红菇菌的高效共生组合体,以红锥Castanopsis hystrix、白锥Castanopsis fabric和马尾松Pinus massoniana为宿主,以正红菇Russula vinosa07240、07242、07243、0204和0553菌株和鳞盖红菇Russulalepida0005菌株为菌种,开展了苗期接种试验。结果表明,参试的6个红菇菌株均可在红锥、白锥和马尾松苗木根系上形成感染,感染率46.7%～90.0%。马尾松的接种效应最快,不同接种处理之间苗高和地径的生长差异分别在接种后1个月和4个月时达到显著;而红锥和白锥苗高生长差异则在接种后10个月,地径生长差异分别在接种后12个月和14个月时达到显著。以0553菌株接种的红锥、马尾松苗高、地径及总生物量高于其他5个菌株接种处理。与对照相比,0553菌株接种下的红锥苗高、地径及总生物量增长量分别达24.1%、19.8%和50.4%,马尾松则分别达20.9%、18.6%和49.1%。对于白锥,则以07242菌株接种处理下的生长效应最大,苗高、地径及总生物量增长量分别达54.0%、20.2%和57.2%。红锥、马尾松与正...     

Mycorrhization, growth and nutrition of Pinus halepensis seedlings fertilized with different doses and sources of nitrogen

? Although fertilization is commonly used in nurseries, the effects of high level of nitrogen on Pinus halepensis mycorrhization are still unknown.

? The effect of fertilization at different N levels (low-LN: 35 mg/plant; medium-MN: 60 mg/plant; high-HN: 120 mg/plant), differing N sources (ammonium-(NH₄)₂SO₄; nitrate-HNO₃; ammonium+nitrate-NH₄NO₃) and inoculation with Pisolithus tinctorius and Lactarius deliciosus on the mycorrhization, growth and nutrient status of P. halepensis has been studied.

? P. tinctorius 3SR showed higher mycorrhizal ability (100% of mycorrhizal seedlings) than L. deliciosus (nearer to 50%). The application of increasing doses of N resulted in a significant reduction of mycorrhizal seedlings but no differences were observed between NH₄ and NO₃as N source at the 60 mg N/plant dose applied. The effects of fertilization on growth were mainly observed in uninoculated plants. The use of NH₄ increased growth in non-mycorrhized plants. Nutrient status was similar in all cases except for K concentration, which was higher in plants mycorrhized with P. tinctorius. Interactions between inoculation and fertilization were found, mycorrhizal effects appearing only at LN fertilization.

? It is advisable to avoid high doses of N fertilization in order to produce mycorrhizal P. halepensis seedlings.

     

Effects of benomyl and captan on growth and mycorrhizal colonization of Sitka‐spruce (Picea sitchensis) and ash (Fraxinus excelsior) in Irish nursery soil

The effects of two fungicides (benomyl and captan ‐ at recommended doses and up to three soil drenches) on root development and mycorrhizal colonization of Sitka‐spruce (Picea sitchensis) and ash (Fraxinus excelsior) were examined after 20 weeks growth, under environmentally controlled conditions, in soil from an Irish tree nursery. Although four mycorrhizal types have been found on Sitka‐spruce at the nursery, only one ectomycorrhizal type (Piceirhiza horti‐inflata) was identified on the short roots in this study. An inoculant (Vaminoc: MicroBio Ltd, Hemel Hempstead, UK) was used to inoculate ash and 20‐week‐old seedlings had a higher arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonization in comparison with uninoculated controls. Multiple applications (2–3) of benomyl reduced the length of root and shoot and shoot dry mass of Sitka‐spruce, whereas in ash, it only depressed root length. Benomyl decreased the numbers of ectomycorrhizas of Sitka‐spruce and arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization of Vaminoc‐inoculated ash. A single application of captan stimulated root length and ectomycorrhizal colonization of Sitka‐spruce and root dry mass in ash compared with uninoculated controls. Applications of captan reduced arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization of Vaminoc‐inoculated ash to levels near to those of uninoculated controls. Of the two fungicides used, benomyl had the most deleterious effect on root length and mycorrhizal colonization of Sitka‐spruce and ash.     

Coinoculation of bioinoculants improve <Emphasis Type="Italic">Acacia auriculiformis</Emphasis> seedling growth and quality in a tropical Alfisol soil

We conducted a study to find out if arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (Acaulospora scrobiculata, Scutellospora calospora) and phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB, Paenibacillus polymyxa) inoculation either individually or in combinations can improve Acacia auriculiformis seedling growth, uptake of nutrients and quality in a phosphorus deficient tropical Alfisol. The seedlings were assessed for various growth and nutrient uptake parameters after 60 days of treatment. Inoculation with P. polymyxa stimulated mycorrhizal formation. Seedling height, stem girth, taproot length, number of leaves and leaf area, plant dry matter production, nodulation, and nodular dry weight were significantly higher for seedlings that were either dual inoculated or triple inoculated compared to individual inoculation of AM fungi or PSB, and uninoculated seedlings. Dual and triple application of AM fungi and PSB also significantly improved the nutrient contents of shoots and roots and nutrient uptake efficiencies. The calculated seedling quality indexes of the AM fungi and PSB inoculated seedling were 25–208% higher than uninoculated seedlings. These findings show that A. auriculiformis seedlings when dual inoculated or triple inoculated performed better than seedlings inoculated with the microbes individually and compared with uninoculated control seedlings. We conclude that bioinoculation is important for the production of high-quality A. auriculiformis seedlings in tree nurseries for planting in nutrient deficient soils.     

Ectomycorrhizal inoculation of Douglas-fir transplanted container seedlings with commercially produced inoculum

Commercially produced vegetative inocula of Laccaria laccata and Hebeloma crustuliniforme successfully formed ectomycorrhizae with Douglas-fir transplanted container (plug+1) seedlings. After 4.5 months in containers, 83% and 90%, respectively, of short roots were mycorrhizal. L. laccata- or H. crustuliniforme-inoculated seedlings had significantly more mycorrhizal and total short roots than Pisolithus tinctorius-inoculated (4% mycorrhizal root tips) or uninoculated control seedlings. No significant differences were detected in seedling growth at the end of the container phase.After transplantation and growth in nursery beds for 17 months, mean new short root colonization of all seedlings was 80%. H. crustuliniforme persisted as a dominant mycorrhizal fungus on seedlings initially inoculated with this fungus. L. laccata-inoculated seedlings had 40% of their short roots colonized by L. laccata and another 40% by native fungi Rhizopogon and Thelephora spp. All mycorrhizae of control seedlings and those inoculated with P. tinctorius were formed by fungi native to the nusery beds. A significant fungal treatment effect was detected for shoot height only. Control seedlings were significantly taller than L. laccata-inoculated seedlings after transplanting.This article is part of senior author's thesis in partial fulfillment of the Ph.D. degree in the Department of Forest Science at Oregon State University, Corvallis.     

Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza effects on Gliricidia sepium and Senna siamea in a fallowed alley cropping system

Nitrogen fixing and non-N₂ fixing legumes such as Gliricidia speium and Senna siamea have been used in alley cropping systems for soil improvement and source of N for food crops. However their establishments could be limited by P and moisture deficiencies in degraded soils. Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can help to overcome these deficiencies. We examined the effects of a vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungus, Glomus deserticola, on the performance of sole hedgerow trees of Gliricidia sepium and Senna siamea and their mixtures (interplanted) in a fallowed alley cropping experiment on a degraded Alfisol in southwestern Nigeria. Percentage root infection by VAM fungi was higher in inoculated plants than in uninoculated ones irrespective of whether they were interplanted or non-interplanted. Inoculation with G. deserticola increased dry matter accumulation and nutrient uptake (N. P, Mg and K) but there was no significant interaction between mycorrhizal inoculation and interplanting for growth and nutrient uptake except for the uptake of P, Mg and K in G. sepium. Inoculation with G. deserticola reduced leaf shedding of G. sepium by 50% but did not have the same effect for S. siamea. For both tree species inoculated plants extracted more water from 0–30 cm depth than the uninoculated ones.