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四爿藻培养条件的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在实验室模拟条件下,研究了温度、光照、盐度、pH值和营养盐对四爿藻生长繁殖的影响。结果表明:四爿藻生长的适宜温度为5~30℃,最适温度为20℃;适宜光照为500~10 000 lx,最适光照为4 000~7 000 lx;适宜盐度5~85,最适盐度为35;适宜pH值为4~9,最适pH值为7。筛选出四爿藻的培养液配方是,天然海水加入(NH2)2CO-N60 g/m3;KH2PO4-P 2 g/m3;FeC6H5O7-Fe 0.4 g/m3;维生素B11 g/m3和维生素B120.000 5 g/m3。 相似文献
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日本星杆藻(Asterionella japonica)是浮游动物的良好食物,也是发生赤潮的藻类物种,研究生态和营养条件对日本星杆藻生长的影响,对合理利用和防止赤潮的发生具有重要的意义。本文通过室内单因子正交实验,研究了温度、光照、盐度、pH值以及氮、磷、铁、硅和维生素B12等营养元素对日本星杆藻生长的影响,结果表明:该藻生长的适宜温度为10~35℃,最适温度为20℃;适宜光照为500~8 000 lx,最适光照为1 000lx;适宜盐度为5~45,最适盐度为20~35;适宜pH值为5~9.5,最适pH为8.0。在培养用的1 m3天然海水中添加20 g(NH2)2CO3、0.5 g NaH2PO4、10 g Na2SiO3、0.005 g维生素B12,日本星杆藻的生长最快。 相似文献
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本文研究了日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)腐皮病病原异原绵霉Js80122的生长、适宜生长和最适生长温度、盐度和pH值。Js80122在6℃-41℃范围内能生长,适宜生长温度为15℃~30℃,最适生长温度为25℃;在0~8.5%盐度范围内能生长,适宜生长盐度为0~2.5%,最适生长盐度为0~0.34%;在pH值2.0~8.2范围内能生长,适宜生长pH值为6.0~7.6,最适生长pH值为6.8。二因子正交试验显示,最适生长pH值和盐度分别为为7.0和0.0。 相似文献
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人工培养条件下环境因子对微小小环藻生长的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在实验室培养条件下,研究了温度、光照、盐度、pH值和氮、磷、铁、硅等营养盐对微小小环藻(Cyclotella caspia)生长繁殖的影响。实验结果表明:微小小环藻生长的适宜温度为10~40℃,最适温度为30~35℃;适宜光照为500~10 000 lx,最适光照为2 000~8 000 lx;适宜盐度为2~85,最适盐度为25~50;适宜pH值为4~9,最适pH为8.0~8.5。筛选出微小小环藻培养液配方是每立方米海水加入(NH2)2CO-N 30g,NaH2PO4-P 1 g,FeC6H5O7-Fe 0.1 g,Na2SiO3-Si 25 g。 相似文献
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采用L25(56)正交试验法测定了不同pH(6、7、8、9、10)、温度(10、15、20、25、30℃)和盐度(15、20、25、30、35)对体质量为(71.2±8.5)g的单环刺螠肠蛋白酶、淀粉酶、纤维素酶和脂肪酶活力的影响,以及不同盐度对单环刺螠血液溶菌酶活力的影响。试验结果表明,单环刺螠肠消化酶活力的最适环境条件分别为,蛋白酶:pH 8、温度30℃、盐度35;淀粉酶:pH 9、温度25℃、盐度25;纤维素酶:pH6、温度30℃、盐度35;脂肪酶:pH 6、温度25℃、盐度30。盐度15和20两组单环刺螠血液溶菌酶活力均先降后升再降,而盐度30和35两组则先升后降。至处理第4d,各试验组溶菌酶活力依次为:盐度3025352015,盐度15和20两组溶菌酶活力显著低于盐度较高试验组(P0.05)。盐度25~35、pH 6~9为单环刺螠适宜的环境条件,高温(25~30℃)下其消化酶活力较高,而低盐度(15~20)下其消化酶活力和免疫能力明显降低。 相似文献
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在实验室条件下通过单因子和正交试验,研究了温度、光照、盐度、pH值和氮、磷、铁、硅等营养盐对翼茧形藻(Amphiprora alata)生长繁殖的影响。结果表明:翼茧形藻生长的适宜温度为10~38℃,最适温度为30℃;适宜光照为500~10 000 lx,最适光照为5 000~10 000 lx;适宜盐度为2~80,最适盐度为60;适宜pH值为4~9,最适pH为7.5。经方差实验,在天然海水中添加10 mg.L-1NaNO3-N、2 mg.L-1NaH2PO4-P、0.2mg.L-1FeC6H5O7-Fe、40 mg.L-1Na2SiO3-Si,培养效果最佳。 相似文献
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温度、盐度对条斑星鲽胚胎发育的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
就温度、盐度对条斑星鲽胚胎发育的影响作了初步探讨。实验表明,胚胎发育的适宜温度为6~12℃,最适水温为8~10℃,在适温范围内胚胎孵化速度与温度呈正相关关系(N=65.925T^-0.9672)。盐度低于27,受精卵下沉,27~30之间悬浮于水体中,盐度高于35,受精卵浮于水面。胚胎孵化的适宜盐度范围、最适盐度范围分别为25~40和28~36;盐度低于25或高于40,孵化率都降低。研究表明,条斑星鲽胚胎发育的生物学零度(阈温度)为-0.1℃,有效积温值为1726.48℃.h。另外,根据其Q10值推算的胚胎发育的适宜水温与实验结果相似。 相似文献
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理化因子对原绿球藻生长及其色素含量的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以COA为基础培养基,进行了光照、温度、盐度等理化因子对原绿球藻生长和色素含量影响的单因子试验。试验结果表明,原绿球藻适宜生长的光照度为500~2500lx,最适光照度为500~1000lx:适宜生长的温度为10~30℃,最适温度为25~30℃;适宜生长的盐度为0~44.9,最适盐度为13.7~33.4;适宜生长的pH5~11,最适pH8~10;最适氮源为NH4-N,其次为(NH2)2CO;适宜生长的氮(NH4Cl)质量浓度为5~25mg/L,最适质量浓度为15~25mg/L。理化因子对该藻色素含量的影响与其生长相吻合。 相似文献
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在盐度28~30、水温23.6~25.8℃下,将54只初始体质量(34.82±3.79)g的健康短蛸放入500mL矿泉水瓶中,瓶体周身均匀钻直径5mm小孔约80个,每瓶1只,悬挂在4.1m×6.6m×1.4m养殖池中,投喂菲律宾蛤仔、缢蛏和肉球近方蟹3种饵料,每种饵料3个平行组,比较分析3种饵料对短蛸生长的影响。28d的饲养表明,3个饵料组的成活率均为100%,但投喂肉球近方蟹的短蛸特定生长率(1.67%/d)和饵料转化效率(33.46%)显著高于投喂缢蛏(1.33%/d,14.01%)和菲律宾蛤仔(1.31%/d,19.57%)的短蛸(P0.05)。试验结果表明,蟹类是短蛸养成阶段较理想的饵料。 相似文献
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Joo Araújo Ana Catarina Matias Pedro Pouso‐Ferreira Florbela Soares 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(9):3751-3759
The development of new octopus‐based products with a growing economic value ensures the commercial interest of this species, making live octopus export an activity of great interest. The aim of this study was to develop a method for long‐distance transportation of live octopus at high densities. The system was composed by 220‐L tanks with cooling and aeration, where the animals were kept separated from each others. The water temperature was maintained at 10°C, after a decreasing of 1°C/hr. Live octopus transportation was tested for 48 hr at two densities: 50 kg/m3 and 100 kg/m3. During this period, water parameters were monitored. Stress response was evaluated through the analysis of haemolymph, muscle and brain tissues. No mortality was registered after 48 hr for both treatments. In all trials, water quality remained within the normal limits in both densities; there was, however, a significative increase of ammonia levels in the water. Ammonia, dopamine and Hsp70 levels were analysed in the beginning and at the end of the experiment for both densities; however, no significant differences were found among them. In general, this system seems to be a viable solution for live octopus 48‐hr transportation at a density of 100 kg/m3. 相似文献
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Houwaida Harrabi Françoise Leroi Nourhène Boudhrioua Mihoubi Frédérique Chevalier Nabil Kechaou 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2017,26(3):279-295
Biological silages were prepared from shrimp head and octopus viscera by-products recuperated from the Tunisian seafood industry. Physical and biochemical changes and microbiological profiles were determined for raw materials during fermentation and on end-products. Results showed that biological silage significantly affected (p < 0.05) moisture, protein, and ash contents of shrimp head (CSHS) and octopus viscera silages (COVS). CSHS and COVS were stable, and their final pH values were 4.31 ± 0.01 and 3.71 ± 0.00, respectively. Proteolysis activity was confirmed by a significant increase (p < 0.05) of soluble nitrogen and low molecular weight of protein (<260 Da) found on the end-products for both silages. Lipid oxidation was delayed by addition of 150 ppm ethoxyquin to the raw material prior to fermentation. Biogenic amines detected in raw shrimp and octopus samples decreased significantly (p < 0.05) during the silage process. Histamine and tyramine, detected at high levels on octopus viscera, were absent in the end-products. Tyramine was produced in CSHS, indicating the possibility of the bacterial decarboxylation of tyrosine. Microbiological profiles showed that both silage products were free from pathogenic and spoilage bacteria. Therefore, biological silage can be used as a conservation procedure of shrimp and octopus by-products. The storage period could be shorter than 30 days, and further analysis should be carried out to ascertain safety and nutritional value of silage products. 相似文献
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We evaluated the anaesthetic effect of clove oil [2‐methoxy‐4‐2‐(2‐propenyl)‐phenol] on the common octopus (Octopus minor), in terms of the time required to become anaesthetized (‘anaesthetic time’) and recovery time. We used a factorial experimental design and administered clove oil at different temperatures (15, 20 and 25°C) and concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 mg L−1). We observed a significant (P<0.05) relationship between concentration and temperature, and each variable was effective (P<0.05). Anaesthetic time linearly decreased as the concentration and temperature increased. However, recovery time increased as the concentration increased and temperature decreased. There was no mortality. A concentration of 200 mg L−1 clove oil showed rapid anaesthetic and recovery times in the common octopus, indicating its suitability for this species. 相似文献
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Claire N. Greenwell Neil R. Loneragan Ryan Admiraal James R. Tweedley Mark Wall 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2019,26(2):108-118
This study examined the occurrence of octopus across an abalone, Haliotis laevigata, Donovan, sea ranch in south‐western Australia, to understand how octopus may be impacting abalone production. Commercial divers removed 654 octopus and 17,666 empty abalone shells during regular, 2 to 4‐weekly surveys over 27 months. A negative binomial generalised linear model estimated a 78% increase in empty shells per artificial abalone habitat per day, when octopuses were present, after adjusting for location and season. Of the 408 shells examined for evidence of predation, 19% had a small, slightly ovoid hole consistent with those made by octopus. The mean (± 1 SE) length of shells with boreholes (70.3 ± 2.2 mm) was significantly longer than those without (59.8 ± 0.5 mm), and boreholes were concentrated over the adductor, respiratory organs and heart. This study provides important insights into the adaptable feeding regimes of octopus and their potential to impose strong top‐down controls on sea ranching operations. 相似文献
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The Korean Government is in the process of establishing a plan for managing fishing effort by setting up the maximum fishing
gear usage per fishery type for the recovery of fishery resources. This will aid settlement of disputes between fishery sectors
over fishing gears, and the stability of fishing business conditions. Especially in the setting up of the maximum fishing
gear usage, economic standards as well as biological standards are being considered as significant factors to promote the
sustainable and economically viable development of fisheries. This study is, thus, to analyze the optimal economic fishing
gear usage (EMEY) as the most economically efficient usage for the common octopus trap fishery, one of the most controversial sectors in establishing
maximum fishing gear usage. Data from logbooks per trip were used for estimation of EMEY per trip because it was considered there were limitations of data available for analyses. As a finding drawn from the analyses,
the EMEY of common octopus trap vessels per trip has to be decreased by approximately 13%. That is, reducing the trip trap usage up
to the level of EMEY can lead to the reduction of trip fishing costs, thereby resulting in increased trip profits. 相似文献
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This study evaluated the effects of shelter pipes (PS), tube shelters (TS), and no shelter (NS) on the growth of juvenile common octopus (Octopus vulgaris). The grow-out was studied in situ by conducting a passive follow-up survey using integrated transponder tags. The growth and survival rates were evaluated in two experiments. Each experiment included two replicates. Both experiments ran for 60 days, for which each trial included 24 octopuses that were fed once a day a diet of frozen sardines (Sardinops melanostictus) and swimming crabs (Portunus trituberculatus), at 3–8% body weight. We investigated the relationship between the beak microstructure of the common octopus and possible stress events caused by culture conditions at 15 °C for 15 days. The nine juveniles were separated into three groups (NC: natural conditions, PS: culture conditions as a group, and TS: culture conditions with individuals kept separately) to analyze the amount of stress caused by rearing conditions. Stress marks were observed using a high-resolution stereo fluorescence microscope. In Experiment 1, the specific growth rates (SGRs) were 0.20 ± 0.15% per day in the PS group, 0.24 ± 0.10% per day in the TS group, and 0.68 ± 0.48% per day in the NS group. The survival rate was 62.5 ± 6.25%, 37.5 ± 18.75%, and 12.5% in the TS, PS, and NS groups, respectively. The experimental conditions of Experiment 2 were the same as those in Experiment 1, except that Experiment 2 involved different individuals and occurred during a different season. In Experiment 2, the SGRs were 0.54 ± 0.20% per day in the PS group, 0.59 ± 0.22% per day in the TS group, and 0.44 ± 0.10% per day in the NS group. Survival rate was 87.5 ± 6.25%, 75 ± 6.25%, and 75% in the TS, PS, and NS groups, respectively. Regression analysis showed that the water temperature (from 5.4–23.1 °C) affected the growth of octopuses in Experiments 1 and 2. Capture stress was detected in six of the nine individuals (NC, PS, and TS combined). Statistically significant differences in the stress levels were detected between the PS and TS groups (P ≤ 0.1), with the NC group exhibiting no stress lines after initial adaptation, unlike PS. In conclusion, octopuses kept in TS were not affected by stress after initial adaptation. 相似文献