青海:“五定原则”力保猪肉安全

<正>从青海省农业农村厅获悉,为确保青海省猪肉产品质量安全和全程可追溯,在防范非洲猪瘟应急响应期间,该省坚持"五定原则",即特定养殖场、特定屠宰企业、特定运输工具、特定经营企业、特定零售市场,对猪肉产品实行"点对点"供应。特定养殖场,特定屠宰企业所屠宰生猪来自稳定可靠的特定规模养殖场;特定屠宰企业,经企业申请、市     

利用“犬载监控设备”对工作犬进行“非视距”指挥的研究

在某些特定案件以及特定场所，人员不便进入的地区可以利用工作犬进行相应的作业，而达到救援，解救人质，排除隐患重要作用。但是随之而来的问题是，毕竟犬是一种动物，它不能及时地反馈及处理事故或者案件现场的信息，我们就需要一个相应的指挥者来指导工作犬进行工作。“犬载监控设备”就是在这样的前提下诞生的一套具有高科技的监控指导设备。     

“城管”现象的社会学分析

城管这一队伍是负责本市市政设施、城市公用、城市节水和停车场管理中的专业性行政执法人员,在我国经济发展的特定阶段才出现了这一特定的群体。不可否认的是在城市秩序和面貌的维护中,城管这一队伍有着很大的贡献。但是不管他们贡献如何,在我们国家的很多城市,城管人员都不被社会所认可。近年来,还频频爆出城管在执法过程当中暴力执法,甚至出现一些被管理人员丧失生命的恶劣情况。本文试图从社会学的角度分析,城管现象的成因,优化方式,试图为我国城管队伍建设贡献绵薄之力。     

蜜蜂“促”“控”得时增效益

<正>强群是越冬、防病、高产的基础,但是对于定地饲养的蜂群并非在什么时候都要保持强群。在特定季节、条件下有计划控制群势,避免流蜜期过了才出现强群,使蜂群的最强壮期与主要蜜源的大流蜜期相吻合是少投入多产出的理想状态。鲁西聊城地区"立春"后总会出现晴暖无风且气温在12℃以上的日子,越冬蜂会自发蜂拥而出,飞     

“四管”和“八理”

<正>管理是什么?没有统一的定义。一般是指在特定的环境条件下,对组织所拥有的资源进行有效地计划、组织、指挥、协调、控制及创新,以期高效的达到既定组织目标的过程。很多人理解,管理就是"管人"和"理事",这么理解虽然无错,但并不十分准确。"科学管理之父"泰罗认为:"管理就是确切地知道你要别人干什么,并使他用最好的方     

要“鱼”还是要“渔”

企业在某个特定的时期取得竞争优势并不是很难．难的是长期保持这种优势。如果说短期的优势可以靠点子、概念获得的话．那么长期的优势则必须依靠企业的组织能力。所谓“授人以鱼不如授人以渔“．”鱼”只能满足一时之需．而”渔”却让人有谋生的本钱。同样，“鱼”好比企业的产品．而”渔“则是企业的组织能力。     

水产饲料的“锌”里话

<正>1水产动物与锌1.1锌在水产动物机体分布特点锌在水产动物体内所有器官组织中均有分布,而鱼类锌沉积主要在肝(胰)脏、肠道、肌肉、脊椎骨、鳞片等组织;甲壳类锌主要贮存在肝胰脏、肌肉、甲壳等组织。组织锌沉积一定程度上也是代表锌元素在对应组织中起着重要的特定功能。1.2水产动物肠道上皮细胞锌吸收通道虽然锌可以通过多种机制进入细胞,但水产动物肠道上皮细胞对肠道内微量元素锌的吸收主要有三种方式:一种是通过特定的锌离子转运载     

肉仔鸡养殖盈利“三大法宝”

规模养殖毕竟不是单纯数量上的增加，还有其特定的内涵和质量的概念，规模化只是表象，支撑规模化还必须有专业化、规范化、机械化和自动化。     

“烂八月”谨防猪肺疫

猪肺疫又叫猪巴氏杆菌病，俗称“锁喉疯”。它是由特定血清型的多杀性巴氏杆菌引起的急性或散发性和继发性传染病。是每年“烂八月”最易发的传染病。一旦发病，如不及时诊治，很容易并发猪瘟，死亡率很高，给养猪户造成严重经济损失。     

中西方视角下我国生猪“健康养殖”与“福利养殖”之我见

正"健康养殖"源自我国的海水养殖业,是我国畜牧业发展过程中在特定时期和特殊国情下的历史产物,二十一世纪初期前后在我国诞生后就成为关注和研究的热点,现在仍是畜牧业以及社会关注的热点之一,是中国所特有的概念。"福利养殖"源于动物福利(Animal Welfare),是舶来品,来自西方畜牧业发达国家。国外畜牧业发达国家一般更看重动物福利,动物福利方面的法律法规也较为完善;国内提的更多的则是"健康养     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1991

In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.