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M. Shamim Hasan ZAHID Sharda Prasad AWASTHI Atsushi HINENOYA Shinji YAMASAKI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(5):535-540
To search natural compounds having inhibitory effect on bacterial growth is important,
particularly in view of growing multidrug resistant (MDR) strains of bacterial pathogens.
Like other bacterial pathogens, MDR Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent
of diarrheal disease cholera, is becoming a great concern. As an approach of searching new
antimicrobial agents, here, we show that anethole, a well-studied natural component of
sweet fennel and star anise seeds, could potentially inhibit the growth of MDR O1 El Tor
biotype, the ongoing 7th cholera pandemic variant strains of toxigenic V.
cholerae. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of anethole against
diverse O1 El Tor biotype strains is evaluated as 200
µg/ml. Moreover, the effect of anethole is
bactericidal and exerts rapid-killing action on V.
cholerae cells. This study is the first report which demonstrates
that anethole, purified from natural compound, is a potent inhibitor of growth of
toxigenic V. cholerae. Our data suggest that anethole could be a
potential antimicrobial drug candidate, particularly against MDR V.
cholerae mediated infections. 相似文献
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Tomoaki Tochitani Izumi Matsumoto Kohei Hoshino Kaoru Toyosawa Mami Kouchi Takatoshi Koujitani Juki Kimura Hitoshi Funabashi 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2013,26(2):187-191
The common marmoset (Callithrix
jacchus) is now widely used in various
research fields, including toxicology. However,
information about the background pathology of this
species is scarce. Here, we report a case of
rhabdomyosarcoma that spontaneously occurred in a
common marmoset. A 44-month-old male common
marmoset was euthanized due to bilateral hind limb
paralysis. At necropsy, a 2×2×5-cm intramuscular
mass was observed in the lower right back.
Histologically, the mass was mainly composed of
interlacing bundles of spindle-shaped tumor cells.
Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were
positive for myogenin, desmin, vimentin and
alpha-smooth muscle actin. Ultrastructurally, the
tumor cells contained bundles of myofilaments with
Z-band-like structures. Thus, the tumor was
diagnosed as a rhabdomyosarcoma. To our knowledge,
this is the first report of spontaneous
rhabdomyosarcoma that was definitely diagnosed in
the common marmoset. 相似文献
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Maiko OHTORI Mikiko AOKI Tadashi ITAGAKI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(1):105-107
This study was designed to clarify the differences in the internal transcribed
spacer (ITS) 1 and 5.8S nucleotide sequences of Moniezia expansa,
M. benedeni and M. monardi isolated from ruminants in
Japan and to determine their phylogenetic relationships. A 98% similarity in the 5.8S
sequences was observed among the 3 Moniezia species, whereas many
nucleotide indels and substitutions were observed in the ITS1 sequences among the three
Moniezia species. These results suggest that the ITS1 region could
serve as a potential marker for discriminating the 3 Moniezia species. In
the phylogenetic tree based on the ITS1 sequences, M. monardi and
M. benedeni showed genetically closer relationship to each other than
to M. expansa. 相似文献
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Mohamed M’BAYE Guohua HUA Hamid Ali KHAN Liguo YANG 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2015,61(5):391-397
Inhibins are members of the TGFβ superfamily and act as suppressors
of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion from pituitary glands
via a negative feedback mechanism to regulate folliculogenesis. In
this study, the INHBB gene was knocked down by three
RNAi-Ready pSIREN-RetroQ-ZsGreen vector- mediated recombinant plasmids
to explore the effects of INHBB silencing on
granulosa cell (GC) cell cycle, apoptosis and steroid production
in vitro. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain
reaction, Western blot, flow cytometry and ELISA were performed to
evaluate the role of INHBB in the mouse GC cell
cycle, apoptosis and steroid production in vitro. The
results showed that the relative mRNA and protein expression of
INHBB in mouse GCs can be significantly reduced by
RNAi with pshRNA-B1, pshRNA-B2 and pshRNA-B3 plasmids, with pshRNA-B3
having the best knockdown efficiency. Downregulation of the expression
of INHBB significantly arrests cells in the G1 phase
of the cell cycle and increases the apoptosis rate in GCs. This was
further confirmed by downregulation of the protein expressions of
Cyclin D1, Cyclin E and Bcl2, while the protein expression of Bax was
upregulated. In addition, specific downregulation of
INHBB markedly decreased the concentration of
estradiol and progesterone, which was further validated by the
decrease in the mRNA levels of CYP19A1and
CYP11A1. These findings suggest that inhibin βB is
important in the regulation of apoptosis and cell cycle progression in
granulosa cells. Furthermore, the inhibin βB subunit has a role in the
regulation of steroid hormone biosynthesis. Evidence is accumulating
to support the concept that inhibin βB is physiologically essential
for early folliculogenesis in the mouse. 相似文献
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Arunee THANASARASAKULPONG Pichayanut POOLPERM Pallop TANKAEW Takuo SAWADA Nattawooti STHITMATEE 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(3):321-326
Recombinant outer membrane protein H (rOmpH) is a potential fowl cholera vaccine
candidate. The present study was aimed at developing rOmpH formulations for intranasal
administration. The rOmpH was purified and formulated with either Escherichia
coli enterotoxin B (LTB) or CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) as an adjuvant.
Antibody responses in chickens intranasally immunized with rOmpH in combination with 2
different adjuvants were significantly increased (P<0.05) post
immunization. Chicken survival rates showed that rOmpH formulated with ODN and LTB
elicited 90% and 70% protection, respectively. Our findings indicated that rOmpH
formulated with ODN elicited protection better than that formulated with LTB. Therefore,
the vaccines formulations in the present study can be considered new intranasal vaccine
formulations for fowl cholera in chickens. 相似文献
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Mai YAMAMOTO Takashige KASHIMOTO Ping TONG Jianbo XIAO Michiko SUGIYAMA Miyuki INOUE Rie MATSUNAGA Kohei HOSOHARA Kazue NAKATA Kenji YOKOTA Keiji OGUMA Koichiro YAMAMOTO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(7):823-828
Vibrio vulnificus is the causative agent of primary septicemia, wound
infection and gastroenteritis in immunocompromised people. In this study, signature-tagged
mutagenesis (STM) was applied to identify the virulence genes of V.
vulnificus. Using STM, 6,480 mutants in total were constructed and divided into
81 sets (INPUT pools); each mutant in a set was assigned a different tag. Each INPUT pool
was intraperitoneally injected into iron-overloaded mice, and in vivo
surviving mutants were collected from blood samples from the heart (OUTPUT pools). From
the genomic DNA of mixed INPUT or OUTPUT pools, digoxigenin-labeled DNA probes against the
tagged region were prepared and used for dot hybridization. Thirty tentatively attenuated
mutants, which were hybridized clearly with INPUT probes but barely with OUTPUT probes,
were negatively selected. Lethal doses of 11 of the 30 mutants were reduced to more than
1/100; of these, the lethal doses of 2 were reduced to as low as 1/100,000.
Transposon-inserted genes in the 11 attenuated mutants were those for IMP dehydrogenase,
UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-2-epimerase, aspartokinase, phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine
cyclo-ligase, malate Na (+) symporter and hypothetical protein. When mice were immunized
with an attenuated mutant strain into which IMP dehydrogenase had been inserted with a
transposon, they were protected against V. vulnificus infection. In this
study, we demonstrated that the STM method can be used to search for the virulence genes
of V. vulnificus. 相似文献
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Jin-A LEE Bock-Gie JUNG Tae-Hoon KIM Yun-Mi KIM Hong-Bum KOH Bong-Joo LEE 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(9):1087-1094
Biotite and bentonite are phyllosilicate minerals that were originally used in
industrial applications. Several beneficial activities of them have recently been
reported, especially regulation of the immune system and antimicrobial effects. Therefore,
we investigated the immune-enhancing and bacterial clearance effects of a biotite and
bentonite mixture (BBM) on experimental infection of Salmonella enterica
serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) to determine whether the BBM could
be used as an alternative antibiotic. We administered 1% or 2% BBM as a feed supplement.
We then evaluated the bacterial clearance effects of the BBM against S.
Typhimurium. We also evaluated the immune-enhancing effect of the BBM through several
immunological experiments that included examination of the lysozyme activity,
CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocyte ratio and the T-helper type 1 (Th 1)
cytokine profile. The clinical signs of S. Typhimurium and the number of
viable bacteria in feces and tissues were significantly decreased in both BBM groups,
especially in the 2% BBM group. The BBM also markedly enhanced the lysozyme activity,
CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocyte ratio and expression levels of IFN-γ and
IL-12 in S. Typhimurium-challenged pigs. Therefore, the BBM could be a
good candidate as an alternative antibiotic that improves Th 1-specific immune responses
and the bacterial clearance effect. 相似文献
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Masanao MATAYOSHI Takashi KITANO Tetsu SASAKI Masaji NAKAMURA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(6):705-710
A total of 349 Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica
serovar Choleraesuis (S. Choleraesuis) strains, which were isolated
between 2008 and 2012 from 349 pigs at two slaughterhouses in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan,
were investigated for antimicrobial susceptibility and the presence of antimicrobial
resistance genes. All isolates were resistant to at least four antimicrobial agents. The
antimicrobial agents for which isolates showed a high incidence of resistance were as
follows: ampicillin (100%) and streptomycin (100%), followed by gentamicin (99.7%),
oxytetracycline (99.7%), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (99.4%), nalidixic acid (40.1%) and
oxolinic acid (40.1%). All isolates were sensitive to cefuroxime, ceftiofur, colistin,
fosfomycin, enrofloxacin, orbifloxacin and danofloxacin. The predominant resistance
phenotypes and genotypes were: resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, gentamicin,
oxytetracycline and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (58.5%, 204/349) and
blaTEM-strA-strB-aadA1-aadA2-aacC2-tet
(B)-sul1-sul2-dhfrXII-dhfrXIII (36.1%, 126/349). The quinolone
resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of gyrA, gyrB, parC and
parE of the quinolone-resistant isolates (n=12) showed amino acid
substitutions of Ser-83→Phe or Asp-87→Tyr in GyrA and Ser-107→Ala in ParC. To our
knowledge, this is the first report on the molecular characterization of antimicrobial
resistance among S. Choleraesuis strains in Japan. 相似文献
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Fumio OKABE Yoko NAKAGIRI Takahisa YAMADA Hiroyuki KOSE 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(5):601-604
Diabetic patients need particular care in case of infection, digestive disorder or
external injury, because external stress often exasperates the glucose metabolism, which
is known as “sick day management”. In addition, severe trauma can be a cause of
hyperglycemia with insulin resistance. In spite of critical component of the treatment,
the precise mechanisms of how trauma develops posttraumatic diabetes remain unknown. Here,
we ablated body wall muscles in Drosophila larvae by laser beam and found
that the level of trehalose, the principal sugar circulating in the hemolymph or in the
tissues of most insects, was increased. The model may provide a helpful tool to understand
the relationship between trauma and sugar metabolism. 相似文献
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Madoka ICHIKAWA-SEKI Azirwan GUSWANTO Puttik ALLAMANDA Euis Siti MARIAMAH Putut Eko WIBOWO Yoshifumi NISHIKAWA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2016,78(1):121-123
Neospora caninum can cause fetal abortion and neonatal mortality in
cattle, and is a cause of economic concern worldwide. This study aimed to determine the
prevalence of Neospora caninum-specific antibodies in cattle from Western
Java, Indonesia. Serum samples from 991 cattle from 21 locations were tested for
antibodies to N. caninum by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
(ELISA) on the basis of recombinant NcSAG1. The overall seroprevalence was 16.6%, ranging
from 0 to 87.5% in the sampled locations. The results of this study indicate latent
infection rates of sampled animals were different in each location. Further studies are
necessary to elucidate the relationship between N. caninum infection and
abortion in cattle, and to identify risk factors for infection in high-prevalence
environments. 相似文献
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Toru TACHIBANA Ken Takeshi KUSAKABE Sayuri OSAKI Takeshi KURAISHI Shosaku HATTORI Midori YOSHIZAWA Chieko KAI Yasuo KISO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2016,78(1):161-165
The New World monkey Aotus spp. (night monkeys) are expected
for use of valuable experimental animal with the close species of Saimiri
spp. (squirrel monkeys). Saimiri is known to show spontaneous
hypercortisolemia, although few reports in Aotus. We compared basic
states of blood steroid hormones and histological structure of the adrenal glands in two
monkeys. Serum cortisol and ACTH levels were statistically lower in Aotus
than Saimiri. Conversely, Aotus adrenocortical area
showed significant enlargement, especially at the zona fasciculata. Electron microscopic
observation at Aotus fasciculata cells revealed notable accumulation of
large lipid droplets and irregular shapes of the mitochondrial cristae. These results
suggest potential differences in cellular activities for steroidogenesis between
Aotus and Saimiri and experimental usefulness in
adrenocortical physiology and pathological models. 相似文献
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Sarah Bonnet Nadine Brisseau Axelle Hermouet Maggy Jouglin Alain Chauvin 《Veterinary research》2009,40(3)
Babesia sp. (EU1), first characterized in 2003, has been implicated in human cases of babesiosis in Italy, Austria and Germany. It has been identified in roe deer and in its suspected tick vector, Ixodes ricinus, in several European countries. The aim of the present study was to validate the competence of I. ricinus as a vector of Babesia sp. (EU1) via experimental infections. For this purpose, a parasite strain isolated from roe deer was cloned in sheep erythrocytes. After experimental infections, parasite DNA was successfully amplified by PCR in both eggs and larvae originating from infected I. ricinus females and in the salivary glands of females exposed to Babesia sp. (EU1) as nymphs. We also demonstrate that infected females were able to transmit parasite DNA during a new blood meal. Together with previous epidemiological studies, these results validate I. ricinus as a competent vector for Babesia sp. (EU1). 相似文献
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Kohei Matsushita Aki Kijima Yuji Ishii Shinji Takasu Meilan Jin Ken Kuroda Hiroaki Kawaguchi Noriaki Miyoshi Takehiko Nohmi Kumiko Ogawa Takashi Umemura 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2013,26(1):19-27
In this study, the potential for development of an animal model (GPG46) capable of rapidly detecting chemical carcinogenicity and the underlying mechanisms of action were examined in gpt delta rats using a reporter gene assay to detect mutations and a medium-term rat liver bioassay to detect tumor promotion. The tentative protocol for the GPG46 model was developed based on the results of dose-response exposure to diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and treatment with phenobarbital over time following DEN administration. Briefly, gpt delta rats were exposed to various chemicals for 4 weeks, followed by a partial hepatectomy (PH) to collect samples for an in vivo mutation assay. The mutant frequencies (MFs) of the reporter genes were examined as an indication of tumor initiation. A single intraperitoneal (ip) injection of 10 mg/kg DEN was administered to rats 18 h after the PH to initiate hepatocytes. Tumor-promoting activity was evaluated based on the development of glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P)-positive foci at week 10. The genotoxic carcinogens 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF), 2-amino-3-methylimidazo [4,5-f] quinolone (IQ) and safrole (SF), the non-genotoxic carcinogens piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and phenytoin (PHE), the non-carcinogen acetaminophen (APAP) and the genotoxic non-hepatocarcinogen aristolochic acid (AA) were tested to validate the GPG46 model. The validation results indicate that the GPG46 model could be a powerful tool in understanding chemical carcinogenesis and provide valuable information regarding human risk hazards. 相似文献
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