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气候变化对日喀则保灌地青稞生育期的影响 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
为了研究近年来气候因子在日喀则保灌地青稞生育期天数变化中的作用,利用青稞生育期和气象观测资料,对生育期天数及生育期内气象要素进行趋势分析、突变分析和相关性分析,阐述了气候变化对青稞生育期天数的影响。结果表明:1992—2012 年,日喀则青稞全生育期天数呈显著减少趋势,减幅为0.68 d/a。气温和日照对生育期天数变化的作用明显,其中,三叶期、成熟期的平均气温与该生育期天数呈明显负相关;孕穗期、乳熟期的平均气温与该生育期天数为正相关。分蘖期、孕穗期的日照时数与该生育期天数为正相关,拔节期、开花期的日照时数与该生育期天数为负相关。青稞多个生育期天数发生突变,分蘖期、乳熟期天数突变年份为2001 年,这与日喀则青稞品种由‘藏青320’更换为其他品种的时间一致。品种更换后,日照时数变化对分蘖期天数的影响减弱,同时乳熟期天数延长了约16天。 相似文献
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青稞是西藏、青海等地区人民的主食,属于一种大麦,籽实粒大、麦麸少,既可以加工青稞面、做糌粑,又能用来酿酒。高寒地区的水文结构和气候环境皆不适宜农作物生长,因而在高寒地区栽培青稞则必须重视提高种植技术,并做好病虫害防治工作。系统论述了高寒地区青稞种植技术的应用与推广方案,并提出个人见解。 相似文献
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青稞以其早熟、耐寒、耐贫瘠、抗逆性强等特性,成为四川阿坝、青海、西藏、甘肃甘南和天祝等藏区高海拔地区种植业的主要优势作物,多年来凭借其自身特性在恶劣的气候环境中也能稳定生长。近年来,随着以青稞为主要原料的保健食品、酿酒业的不断研发,青稞需求呈现出不断增长的趋势。青稞秸秆是牲畜的优质饲草,发展青稞种植对缓解天然草场压力,保护生态平衡,促进牲畜育肥、养殖区草畜平衡起到积极的推进作用。为了提升青稞品质和产量,应在青稞种植地区推广新品种、新技术,选择最适宜的种植方式来提高单产,实现青稞丰产。文章深入探究与分析了青稞农业技术推广措施及种植方式,初步总结出一套适合高海拔地区青稞种植的农业新技术,望有借鉴意义。 相似文献
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摸清过量施氮下不同青稞品种(系)生长发育指标的变化和调控机制,为西藏河谷农区青稞高产高效栽培提供科学依据。本研究设置N1(施氮量70 kg/hm2,常规施氮处理)、N2(施氮量172.5 kg/hm2)、N3(施氮量275 kg/hm2)、N4(施氮量345 kg/hm2)4个施氮处理,CK(施氮量0 kg/hm2)为不施氮处理,比较分析不同施氮量水平下,青稞品种‘藏青3000’和青稞品系‘6927’的株高、分蘖和成穗、叶绿素、粒重和籽粒灌浆特性、氮素利用和产量等因子的变化。结果表明,施氮对青稞的基本苗没有影响,青稞分蘖率呈现出先增加后降低的趋势,相同处理下‘6927’的最高茎蘖数高于‘藏青3000’;随着施氮量的增加,青稞成穗数呈现减少的趋势;随着施氮量的增加,所有生育期的株高均表现为先升高后降低或增加不明显的趋势;随着施氮量的增加,叶绿素SPAD值呈先增加后不再显著增加或降低的趋势,‘藏青3000’各施氮处理的旗叶叶绿素SPAD值高于‘6927’;施氮可明显提高青稞各生育期... 相似文献
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云南普洱市烤烟种植气候适宜性精细化区划 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
基于普洱市多站点气候资料,运用GIS空间分析技术和隶属度函数模型,结合烤烟生态学理论,分析了云南普洱市烤烟气候特点,论证并构建了烤烟种植气候适宜性定量评价指标体系,进行了烤烟种植气候适宜性精细区划。结果表明,普洱烤烟气候与云南主烟区气候既有相似性又差异显著;普洱烟区温度适宜度普遍较高,而降水适宜度总体偏低,北部区域光照适宜度明显较高;烤烟种植综合气候最适宜区和适宜区主要分布于北部6县中、低海拔和部分中高海拔地带,南部区域因降水过多、日照不足,适宜植烟面积小。区划结果与近几年烤烟生产实际相吻合,具有较高精准性和实用性。 相似文献
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Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
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G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
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Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
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Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
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D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
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Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
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Mohammed Riyazaddin Polavarapu B. Kavi Kishor Are Ashok Kumar Belum V. S. Reddy Rajendra S. Munghate Hari C. Sharma 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(4):423-436
Sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata, is one of the important pests of postrainy season sorghums. Of the 90 sorghum genotypes evaluated for resistance to this pest, RHRB 12, ICSV 713, 25026, 93046 and 25027, IS 33844‐5, Giddi Maldandi and RVRT 3 exhibited resistance in postrainy season, while ICSB 463, Phule Anuradha, RHRB 19, Parbhani Moti, ICSV 705, PS 35805, IS 5480, 5622, 17726, 18368 and 34722, RVRT 1, ICSR 93031 and Dagidi Solapur showed resistance in rainy season, suggesting season‐specific expression of resistance to A. soccata. ICSB 461, ICSB 463, Phule Yasodha, M 35‐1, ICSV 700, 711, 25010, 25019 and 93089, IS 18662, Phule Vasudha, IS 18551 and 33844‐5 and Barsizoot had fewer deadhearts than plants with eggs across seasons, suggesting antibiosis as one of the resistance mechanism. Five genotypes exhibited resistance with high grain yield across seasons. Correlation, path and stepwise regression analyses indicated that leaf glossiness, seedling vigour, trichome density, oviposition and leaf sheath pigmentation were associated with the expression of resistance/susceptibility to shoot fly, and these can be used as marker traits to select and develop shoot fly‐resistant sorghums. 相似文献
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Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
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E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
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[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献