奶牛瑟氏泰勒虫P33表面蛋白基因的克隆及序列分析

研究根据GenBank上发表的牛瑟氏泰勒虫P33表面蛋白的基因序列设计合成1对引物,用PCR方法扩增出了牛瑟氏泰勒虫的基因片段,将该基因纯化后连接到pMDl8-T栽体上,进行序列测定和分析,并用此方法对延边某奶牛场10头奶牛进行了检测.结果表明:10份样品中9份为阳性,所扩增的目的基因核苷酸长为868 bp,共编码283个氨基酸;该段基因片段与牛泰勒虫韩国株核苷酸序列同源性为99.4%,氨基酸同源性为99.3%.     

牛瑟氏泰勒虫表面蛋白P33基因的克隆与真核表达载体的构建

根据已发表的牛瑟氏泰勒虫(Theileria sergenti)表面蛋白P33基因的核苷酸序列设计引物,应用PCR技术从牛瑟氏泰勒虫基因组DNA中扩增P33基因片段,克隆到pMD18-T simple载体上,重组质粒经PCR、酶切鉴定后测序分析。进一步将该基因插入到真核表达载体pVAXⅠ,为今后深入研究该基因的表达及其功能奠定了基础。     

牛瑟氏泰勒虫表面蛋白p33基因的真核表达

目的构建牛瑟氏泰勒虫表面蛋白p33基因的真核表达载体。方法根据已发表的牛瑟氏泰勒虫（Thei-leria sergenti）表面蛋白p33基因的核苷酸序列设计引物,应用PCR技术从牛瑟氏泰勒虫基因组DNA中扩增p33基因片段并克隆入pMD18-Tsimple载体。进一步将该基因插入到真核表达载体pVAXⅠ,转染Hela细胞后进行RT-PCR检测和IFA检测。结果牛瑟氏泰勒虫表面蛋白p3基因成连接到pVAXⅠ载体中,并在真核细胞中有效表达。结论本研究试验为今后该基因的进一步动物试验奠定了基础。     

牛瑟氏泰勒虫吉林株ITS基因的克隆与系统进化分析

本研究根据GenBank上的牛瑟氏泰勒虫内转录间隔区基因(ITS基因)设计合成1对特异性引物,以采自吉林省珲春市某养牛场的血液样本为试验材料,PCR扩增牛瑟氏泰勒虫ITS基因,克隆至pMD-18T Simple载体,进行序列测定,将该基因序列与GenBank上9种已知的泰勒虫相应序列进行比较分析,建立系统进化树。结果表明:牛瑟氏泰勒虫吉林株与美国株亲缘关系较近,其次是水牛泰勒虫,与其他泰勒虫亲缘关系较远。     

牛瑟氏泰勒虫二温式PCR快速检测技术的建立及初步应用

为建立一种牛瑟氏泰勒虫快速检测技术,根据GenBank上已发表的牛瑟氏泰勒虫P23表面蛋白基因序列(D84447)设计1对特异性引物,扩增出大小为244 bp的基因片段,经克隆、测序分析,与已知基因序列同源性为100%。用该对引物建立的牛瑟氏泰勒虫二温式PCR能检测出的最高敏感度为171 fg/μL,与牛新孢子虫、弓形虫和卵形巴贝斯虫不产生交叉反应,对48份临床血液样本进行检测,阳性检出率为66.67%。用同一对引物对28份临床血液样本分别进行二温式PCR和三温式PCR检测,阳性符合率为95%,总符合率为96.43%。结果表明,该方法具有快速、敏感、特异等优点,可用于牛瑟氏泰勒虫病的快速临床诊断及流行病学调查。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒中国地方分离株M基因的分子特征

本实验根据已经发表的鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）M基因序列设计并合成一对引物，利用RT－PCR扩增得到了IBM新疆分离株LX4株（HA价为2^7)M基因678bp的片段，将该片段克隆到PUC18载体上，通过对所得到的重组质粒进行酶切分析，PCR鉴定，证明得到了含有目的基因片段的阳性重组质粒。采用Sanger's双脱氧末端终止法对插入片段进行核苷酸序列测定，获得了IBV－LX4株M基因的核苷酸序列，利用DNASIS分析软件，将它与GENBANK中发表的15株国外参考毒株相比较，发现核苷酸的同源性（除D1466和DE072外）为85％－92％，氨基酸的同源性为83％－92％，与国内参考株（H52－GD）相比分别为90％和92％，确证我们得到的克隆片段为IBV－LX4株的M基因，且含有两个糖基化位点，9个高度保守的半胱氨酸，三个跨膜区域，与国外的报道一致。     

丝状支原体丝状亚种SC型中国不同地区分离株脂蛋白Q基因的分子特征

根据已发表的丝状支原体丝状亚种SC型（MmmSC）脂蛋白Q（LppQ）基因序列设计并合成一对引物，利用PCR扩增方法，从我国不同省区的MmmSC分离株HVRI—X、BenI、QingI、MuI和模式株PG1中获得了LppQ基因1303 bp的片段，将该片段克隆到PMD18-T载体上，通过对所得到的重组质粒进行酶切分析、PCR鉴定，证明得到了含有目的基因片段的阳性重组质粒。采用Sanger’s双脱氧末端终止法对插入片段进行核苷酸序列测定，获得了HVRI-X、Ben Ⅰ、oing Ⅰ、Mu Ⅰ株和模式株PG1 LppQ基因核苷酸序列。核苷酸序列比较结果显示，国内4个MmmSC分离株与GenBank公布的LppQ基因核苷酸序列同源性均在99．7％以上，氨基酸序列同源性均在99％以上；与模式株PG1的核苷酸序列同源性在99．7％以上，氨基酸序列同源性均在99．3％以上。，国内4个MmmSC分离株之间的核苷酸序列同源性均在99．7％以上，氨基酸序列同源性均在99．3％以上。对HVPI X株LppQ基因氨基酸亲私陛和蛋白表面可能性进行了分析，证实LppQN末端富含亲水氨基酸，比C末端更有可能定位在蛋白表面。     

牛瑟氏泰勒虫P23表面蛋白基因的克隆与原核表达

构建牛瑟氏泰勒虫P23基因片段原核重组表达质粒,表达重组蛋白。采用PCR方法扩增牛瑟氏泰勒虫P23表面蛋白基因,将扩增产物与pMD18-T-Simple载体连接,测序,验证扩增产物。将P23基因片段克隆到载体pGEX-4T-3上,经酶切分析、PCR鉴定后,IPTG诱导表达,最后用SDS-PAGE和Western blotting分析鉴定表达产物。结果表明克隆的P23基因片段为684 bp,重组质粒pGEX-4T-3/P23构建成功;SDS-PAGE显示目的蛋白相对分子质量约为58 ku;Western blotting分析结果显示,与牛瑟氏泰勒虫阳性血清发生反应,而与牛瑟氏泰勒虫阴性血清无反应,表明牛瑟氏泰勒虫P23表面蛋白具有良好的抗原性和特异性,提示可以利用融合蛋白来建立检测抗体的间接ELISA诊断方法。     

牛瑟氏泰勒虫HSP70 cDNA片段的克隆与系统发育分析

从血液涂片检查为牛瑟氏泰勒虫阳性的病牛血液中提取总RNA,通过RT-PCR技术扩增出牛瑟氏泰勒虫HSP70基因,将其重组到pMD-18TSimple载体后进行克隆、序列测定及分析。结果表明该片段长1 966 bp,编码620个氨基酸残基,将该基因片段序列与GenBank中13种已知梨形虫的相应序列进行比较分析,牛瑟氏泰勒虫吉林分离株与已报道的牛瑟氏泰勒虫亲缘关系最近,其次是环形泰勒虫,与马巴贝斯虫亲缘关系较远。     

牛瑟氏泰勒虫重组腺病毒载体Ad-p33的构建与鉴定

为了研究并构建出牛瑟氏泰勒虫p33基因重组腺病毒载体,试验根据GenBank(D87198)上发表的牛瑟氏泰勒虫p33基因序列设计合成1对特异性引物,采用PCR技术扩增p33基因,克隆至pMD18-T Simple载体后,亚克隆到腺病毒穿梭载体pCR259中,将经酶切鉴定和PCR鉴定正确的重组穿梭质粒pCR259-p3...     

白术、微米白术和白术多糖对断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道形态及微生态区系的影响

试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。     

Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia

Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.     

Internal Parasites and Haematological Values in Cattle Slaughtered in Buea Subdivision of Cameroon

Tropical Animal Health and Production -     

Phase I evaluation of CCNU (lomustine) in tumor-bearing cats

1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.     

Chemotaxis of macrophage in inflammation

Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.     

Prevalence of gastric lesions in racing Alaskan sled dogs

Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.     

Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects

Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.     

Y‐chromosomal variation of local goat breeds of Turkey close to the domestication centre

Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.     

Changes in proportion of canine urinary calculi composed of calcium oxalate or struvite in specimens analyzed from 1981 through 2001

The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.     

Smart Phone Assisted City-scale Wireless Sensor Network Deployment for Transportation System Monitoring

<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.