Principle and Analysis of Rapid Feeder Protection System for Distribution Network

The scheme of rapid protection will be possibly implemented by using the channel of communication, as the communication network of distribution power system being increasingly perfect and particular foundation of optical cable. The feeder protection based on communication can quickly and selectively isolate fault section and restructure the distribution network. This method is the direction of distribution automation. The action principles of feeder protection using blocking and allowing signals of directional over-current are analyzed. The directional over-current protection utilizing blocking signals is suitablefor distribution automation. The scheme can locate the fault section and instantly separate it. When feeder terminal unit (FTU) fails to act or communicate is interrupted, the feeder protection in the substation can backup.     

DNA芯片技术在动物医学中的应用研究进展

随着基因组数据的增长,DNA芯片(DNA Chip)技术得到广泛应用。其集成化、微型化、自动化的优点,为生物、医学、化学等领域的研究提供了一个强有力的工具,本文从病原微生物基因表达谱研究、基因组学研究以及病原微生物检测鉴定研究等多个方面概述了DNA芯片技术在动物医学中的应用进展、并对DNA芯片技术的原理进行综述。     

Fault Detection Techniques for Feeder Automation

Fault detection of the distribution systems is one of the key techniques for feeder automation. At all times, it is still very difficult for the exact detection of single phase to ground fault. First of all, the distinguishing rules of the faulted phase are presented when ground fault occurs in distribution systems. This paper analyzes the fault detection technique for single phase to ground in system with floating neutral point. Based on faulted phase's current, a method realizing ground fault protection is proposed and the algorithm model of action criterion is given out. The simulation results show that the method will be with very good selectivity to ground fault, and it can be used preferably in feeder automation. The detection method for short circuit fault is also introduced simply.     

Remote Test Method of Relay Protection

Considering the limitation of the field test for relay protection in power system, the paper studies and discusses the remote test method of relay protection in power system. It provides the technology requirements, the technology problems and restricted factors to build the protection test and analysis center. It proposes the method of building the protection test and analysis center. Considering the practice for the transmission of test data, the paper introduces the technology requirements of utilizing dispatching automation system data network to transmit the protection test data. Considering the requirements of microcomputer protection devices for remote test method, the paper presents that there are remote test function and synchronization test function in the field microcomputer protection devices.     

Principle and Scheme of a Feeder Automation Based System Protection

A new principle and scheme of a Feeder Automation based system protection using the channel of communication is proposed. The conjoint protection devices exchanging fault signal with direction information and the fault can be cleared instantly. These information can hel Pto isolate the fault zone and restructure the network rapidly. The recover is used for instantaneous faults. The optical MODEM disjoins the SCADA communication and Boolean signals functions using coding technology. So the fault flags can be exchanged rapidly peer-to-peer and special optical cables are not needed. Frames between optical MODEM are sent automatically. This scheme presented is successful through physical simulation experiment and has operated for about two years in a real distribution network.     

Detecting a fault line under a single phase to ground of distribution network based on analysis of multi frequency bands

Addressing the problem of choosing a fault line under single phase to ground of distribution network, we presented a new criterion based on analysis of the development of fault line selection and a method using wavelet packets. The feature frequency band, or the combined feature frequency bands of each line, in which the transient capacity current was concentrated was chosen for maximum energy. Based on the principle that the transient capacity current's energy of the fault line was larger than the that of normal lines, fault line selection can be carried out adaptively by contrasting the energy of the transient capacity currents of all lines in each chosen frequency band. The simulation results and spot testing data shows the proposed method can detect the fault line in distribution networks precisely and reliably.     

Novel method for fault line selection in arc suppression coils system using transient energy

In order to overcome low sensitivity of the protection based on transient components when the faulty voltage passes zero, regarding arc suppression coill branch as a healthy feeder line, using the relation of its transient energy and all feeders of transient energy amounting to zero, this paper presents an improved fault line selection method in arc suppression coils system using transient energy. This method has no requirements of detection fault close angle and pre setting, has a good anti interference ability and adaptability to various faults occurred in the systems with arc suppression coils. Large amount of digital simulation results show that the proposed method is effective and reliable.     

Analysis on Communication Mode of Feeder Automation

The paper mainly analyzes and studies mode of bus communication based on optical fiber at one_point to multiple_point and mode of point_to_point communication based on wireless at one_point to multiple_point. The advantages and disadvantages of two communication modes are given. Considering the demands on FA data communication,the paper presents transmitting data based on network mode and connection mode,implementing application protocol based on object oriented mode and international standard. Considering the requirements of FTU unit for data communication, the paper proposes the network inner operating system in FTU unit, which is indispensable. Data are transmitted on client/server mode, defined and organized on object oriented mode and transmitted on logical address.     

Design Approach to the Total Automation Systems of City Light Rail Transit

The design approach to the total automation systems of city light rail transit (LRT) is discussed, according to the specialty of city transport systems. Based on the operation modes and basic functions of LRT, the scheme of automation systems by using of the networked PLC systems is introduced. The general analysis for each sub automation systems is given, and the redundancy and fault tolerant function are emphasized.     

Model and Numerical Analysis of Radiation Field Created by Lightning Overvoltage Wave on Transmission Lines

The radiation field created by the transmission line stroked by lightning far from the lightning channel has been analyzed by the FDTD method.The authors we establish the calculation model and FDTD calculation method of transmission line,and discusses the import of lightning excitation source.The simulation of lightning stroked on a single transmission line in free space or stroked on three-phase high voltage transmission lines in actual environments has been done,and gives the distribution of transient radiation field around the transmission lines when lightning overvoltage wave transmits along the transmission line.The simulation result shows that: the effect of the transient radiation field caused by lightning over voltage wave done with environment is obvious,and the high frequency component of transient radiation field may disturb or do harm to the electronic facility or communication facility around the transmission lines.     

THE STUDY OF SINGLE CHIP COMPUTER BASED SYMMETRICAL COMPONENT DISTANCE PROTECTION

In this paper, a new microcomputer distance protection scheme with high property-cost ratio has been approached. The paper presents the performance equations based on the symmetrical components of current and voltage, proposes a new (1,a) coordinate plane and derives a Fourier symmetrical component algorithem with high accuracy and less calculation amount on the (1,a) plane. The protection program is debugged on the developing system of single chip computer. The digital imitation tests indicate that the proposed relaying system is satisfactory.     

中国西门塔尔牛CACNA2D1基因的遗传变异及其与屠宰性状的关联分析

旨在研究中国西门塔尔牛CACNA2D1基因的遗传变异及其与屠宰性状的关系。本试验与所采用的传统的PCR-SSCP或者PCR-RFLP技术不同,首次借助高通量SNP芯片技术在136头中国西门塔尔牛群体中对CACNA2D1基因的遗传变异进行了研究。结果显示,在中国西门塔尔牛CACNA2D1基因上总计发现12个有效SNP位点,其中4个位点Ho、He和PIC值较低属于中低度多态,8个位点属于高度多态。卡方适合性检验表明,10个位点处于HarDY-Weinberg平衡状态(P>0.05)。各位点遗传变异与屠宰性状进行关联分析显示,位点1不同基因型个体在肉色性状方面差异显著(P<0.05),位点2不同基因型个体在大腿肉厚方面差异显著(P<0.05),位点3不同基因型个体在胴体重、屠宰率、眼肌面积和大腿肉厚几个重要屠宰性状差异显著(P<0.05),在肉色性状达到了差异极显著(P<0.01)。位点3杂合子AB基因型为优势基因型,其他位点AA为优势基因型。本研究表明,CACNA2D1基因可以作为中国西门塔尔牛部分屠宰性状候选基因,尤其是位点3可以作为中国西门塔尔牛屠宰性状的重要潜在分子标记,从而为中国西门塔尔牛现代育种提供一定...     

Simulation of an automobile ignition system electro magnetic interference

When an ignition system operates, conducted interference caused by transient voltage of the primary circuit will impact on the accumulator and the disturbance will travel throughout the vehicle via wiring. The ignition system can disrupt the Electronic Control Unit and the normal operation of other electrical devices. Spark plug gap noise simultaneously produces very strong radiation interference in a vehicle. We analyzed the changes of the ignition coil voltage and current when an ignition switch was turned on and off. A discharged circuit model of spark plug also was set up. The electric field distribution in an automobile was calculated. For these calculations, the high voltage wire was considered to be a unipole antenna. This simulation indicates that using either damped wire or adding spark plug resistance can suppress spark noise effectively.     

The power-supply of X-ray machine adopting PID control and high-frequency inverter technology

To solve the problem of low control accuracy and low stability of current X-ray machines, a kind of digital power supply for X-ray machine is introduced. In the digital power supply, some key technologies are used to improve the output stability of the high frequency inverter, including improved BUCK circuit for voltage regulating circuit, high frequency inverter and soft switching technology for the high-voltage generator. The PWM control technology is used to control the switch transistor of voltage regulating circuit and inverter circuit, which makes the drive waveform output stable and easy to control. In order to improve the control accuracy, reduce the volume and change high voltage consecutively, the software PID of the microcomputer is used to control the feedback circuit. The high-accuracy power chip is used for the filament power supply to make the filament electric current stable. Through the analysis of the circuit, the parameters of the circuit are calculated and the circuit is simulated by PSPICE software. The results show that the theoretical analysis is consistent with the practical simulation results. The design can meet the requirement of the technology indices of the power supply of the X-ray machines.     

微流控芯片在农产品安全检测中的应用

近年来,随着食品工业的迅猛发展,国内外食品安全事故也频繁发生。开发安全可靠、便携有效的检测方法对食品安全至关重要。微流控芯片集样品前处理、分离和检测等过程为一体,实现了样品前处理和检测分析的自动化、集成化、小型化、低消耗、高效率和便携化,满足了现场、实时检测的需求。本研究对微流控芯片在食品成分、农药残留、兽药残留、食品添加剂和重金属检测中的应用进行归纳总结,为农产品安全检测提供参考。     

Virtual FFT Spectrum Analyzer Based on DSP Technology

Virtual Instrument has become an important direction of instrument development, now it has been widely used in many fields. FFT analysis is a widely used method in mechanical engineering, fault detection and many other fields. However, the traditional FFT analyzer is expensive and is not easy to upgraded. The birth of virtual FFT Spectrum Analyzer gets rid of the limit of traditional FFT analyzer, and paves the way for the application of FFT analyzer. The uses of DSP technology make the future broadened of Virtual Instrument. This article ,based on the deep study of DSP system, designs a virtual FFT Spectrum analyzer based on DSP technology. The design is new and of great practicality, which indicates the important role of Virtual Instrument in the development of instruments.     

Detecting Technology of Cabel Surface Defect Based on DSP and Image Recognition

The damage of bridge cable directly hazards the normal use of bridge and the safety of people. The paper discussed the signal acquisition and detection system which takes embedded DSP processor as core technology, combined with CCD, video decode chip, SDRAM, FLASH ROM, and established the fast measuring algorithm of the surface corrosion and damage, which includes deteminating the processing region, improving medium filter, sobel edge detection and dynamic threshold segment, close operation of morphology, computing defect area and saving. The experimental resuits show that this method implemented the real-time, non-contact and intelligence detecting of cable surface defect and gives the specifications of the system.     

Development of Data Acquisition and Processing System Based on DSP and USB 2.0

The data acquisition and processing system are proceeding towards faster, more powerful, easier to use and more cost effectiveness. This paper discuss the design of the high speed and convenient data acquisition and processing system based on DSP and USB 2.0, and expatiates the principle and method of the virtual instruments system in detail. The system employs an ADS8346 to sample the six channel signals simultaneously with a resolution of 16-bit.It utilizes EZ-USB FX2 as the USB2.0 interface, which can achieve the high speed communication between the host and the system. It uses TMS320VC33 (dsp) as the core chip, which can accomplish the function of the main control and real-time digital signal processing. The system enhances the virtual instruments' advantage more by the combination between software and hardware.     

果树病毒核酸检测技术研究进展

病毒的核酸检测技术发展非常迅速,主要有PCR技术、分子杂交技术、dsRNA技术、NASBA技术和基因芯片技术。综述了这些技术的原理、特点及其在果树病毒检测中的应用情况。基于PCR技术的检测方法是目前果树病毒检测的主要方法,许多果树病毒的PCR检测体系已经建立。NASBA技术也已开始用于果树病毒的检测。     

梨病毒病及无病毒化栽培概述

概述了中国梨的几种重要病毒病：梨环纹花叶病毒病(PRPMV)、梨脉黄病毒病(PVYV)、榅桲矮化病毒病(QSV)、苹果茎沟病毒病(ASGV)、梨石痘病毒病（PSPV）及其危害性,较全面地介绍了目前梨病毒病的几种检测方法。现在研究认为,以PCR技术和核酸分子杂交技术为基础的分子生物学方法结合较成熟的ELISA检测以及电镜观察能比较准确、快速地检测出中国梨的病毒病;热处理、茎尖培养、微体嫁接、化学制剂处理及其联合应用为梨病毒的脱毒提供了有效途径;并根据梨无毒苗的生长特点提出了梨无病毒化栽培的管理技术。