Pathogenesis of two strains of avian paramyxovirus serotype 2, Yucaipa and Bangor, in chickens and turkeys

Nine serologic types of avian paramyxovirus (APMV) have been recognized. Newcastle disease virus (APMV-1) is the most extensively characterized virus, while relatively little information is available for the other APMV serotypes. In the present study, we examined the pathogenicity of two strains of APMV-2, Yucaipa and Bangor, in 9-day-old embryonated chicken eggs, 1-day-old specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicks, and 4-wk-old SPF chickens and turkeys. The mean death time in 9-day-old embryonated chicken eggs was more than 168 hr for both strains, and their intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI) was zero, indicating that these viruses are nonpathogenic in chickens. When inoculated intracerebrally in 1-day-old chicks, neither strain caused disease or replicated detectably in the brain. This suggests that the zero ICPI value of APMV-2 reflects the inability of the virus to grow in neural cells. Groups of twelve 4-wk-old SPF chickens and turkeys were inoculated oculonasally with either strain, and three birds per group were euthanatized on days 2, 4, 6, and 14 postinoculation for analysis. There were no overt clinical signs of illnesses, although all birds seroconverted by day 6. The viruses were isolated predominantly from the respiratory and alimentary tracts. Immunohistochemistry studies also showed the presence of a large amount of viral antigens in epithelial linings of respiratory and alimentary tracts. There also was evidence of systemic spread even though the cleavage site of the viral fusion glycoprotein does not contain the canonical furin protease cleavage site.     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒CK/CH/LHLJ/04V的分离鉴定及致弱的初步研究

从黑龙江省某鸡场发病鸡群的肾脏中分离到一株病毒,通过病毒致SPF鸡胚病变特征、对鸡外周血红细胞凝集特性、病毒粒子形态学特征以及RT-PCR鉴定等方面的研究,表明该病毒为鸡传染性支气管炎病毒,并命名为CK/CH/LHLJ/04V。通过对该病毒基因型分析以及对SPF鸡致病性试验发现该病毒为我国近年来流行的一类重要IBV的代表。将该毒株在SPF鸡胚连续传代110代(P110),取不同代次毒进行动物实验。结果显示,该毒株对SPF雏鸡的致病力随鸡胚传代次数的增加而逐渐降低。P110代毒以105.0 EID50/0.1 mL的剂量通过点眼滴鼻接种15日龄SPF雏鸡,鸡群发病率和死亡率均为0。不同代次毒接种SPF鸡对同源毒株P3代强毒的攻击均具有100%保护性。实验表明,IBV毒株CK/CH/LHLJ/04V P110对SPF雏鸡已无致病性,但仍具有良好的免疫原性,可作为研制IB弱毒疫苗的候选毒株。     

一株鸭源新城疫病毒强毒株的分离与初步鉴定

从表现腹泻、神经症状、肠道粘膜局部出血、坏死以及卵泡充血、出血为特征的病死产蛋鸭分离到一株病毒,经血凝（hemagglutinin,HA）、血凝抑制（hemagglutination inhibition,HI）和血清中和试验（seium neutralization,SN）及部分融合蛋白（F）基因的序列测定初步鉴定为新城疫病毒（Newcastle disease virus,NDV）,命名为JSD0812株。该毒株10日龄SPF鸡胚平均死亡时间（mean deathtime,MDT）为54．6h,1日龄SPF鸡脑内接种致病指数（intracerebral pathogenicity index,ICPI）为1．75,6周龄SPF鸡静脉接种指数（intravenous pathogenicity index,IvPI）为2．68,其F蛋白裂解位点氨基酸序列为^112R—R—Q—K—R—F^117,上述结果符合NDV强毒株的分子特征,证实该毒株为NDV强毒株。致病性试验表明该毒株对鸡、鸭和鹅均有很强的致病性．     

不同来源禽网状内皮增生病病毒株的致病性比较

本研究旨在探讨不同来源的禽网状内皮增生病病毒(REV)对1日龄SPF鸡的致病性.用包括分子克隆化病毒REV-C99在内的不同来源的6个REV株人工感染1日龄SPF鸡,以禽流感病毒灭活疫苗(H9-AIV、H5-AIV)与新城疫病毒灭活疫苗(NDV)免疫后HI抗体滴度的测定结果为指标,比较不同REV株的致病性.结果表明,分别用3000TCID_(50)·只~(-1)的剂量人工感染1日龄SPF鸡,6个REV感染组与对照组相比,H9-AIV、H5-AIV与NDV免疫后4、5与6周的HI抗体水平均极显著降低(P<0.01).但6个REV感染组之间差异不显著(P>0.05).研究结果显示,不同来源REV株感染1日龄SPF鸡后均造成生长迟缓,并对体液免疫反应有明显的抑制作用,同时,这也揭示出REV感染可能是免疫失败的重要原因之一.     

一株鸡传染性贫血病毒对不同日龄SPF鸡的致病性研究

为评价鸡传染性贫血病毒AV1550株的致病性,取1日龄、7日龄和14日龄SPF鸡分别经胸部肌肉注射不同病毒含量的病毒液,同时设置正常对照,隔离饲养观察21日。感染后14日采血测定红细胞压积,21日统计死亡率、体重变化以及胸腺、骨髓、法氏囊病变情况并测定1日龄SPF鸡感染后不同组织中的病毒载量。结果表明,1日龄SPF鸡感染AV1550株后,表现出精神沉郁、增重减缓、贫血等明显的临床症状,死亡率为53.9%;死亡鸡或观察期结束时存活鸡剖检,可见胸腺萎缩,骨髓变成淡黄色;不同剂量感染后14日,均能引起红细胞压积显著下降;21日时,胸腺病毒载量最高,可达106.7copies/mg 。7日龄SPF鸡感染后,出现增重减缓,高感染剂量（100000EID50）出现贫血,部分鸡出现胸腺萎缩和骨髓病变,但病变率低于30%。14日龄SPF鸡感染后,不引起明显临床症状。研究证实,CAV对SPF鸡的致病性具有明显的日龄依赖性,红细胞压积降低、骨髓病变、胸腺萎缩以及胸腺病毒载量测定可作为评价CAV致病的指标。     

Identification and virulence characterization of fowl adenoviruses in Korea

Since 2007, 55 adenovirus strains have been isolated from commercial chicken flocks in Korea and have been identified and the pathogenicity of these isolates was confirmed in specific-pathogen-free chickens of different age. Based on sequencing analysis of the hexon gene, 55 FAdV isolates were genetically related to the IBH-2A strain of FAdV3 (4 isolates, 99.2% to 100%), the KR5 strain of FAdV4 (22 isolates, 97.9% to 99.2%), the 764 strain of FAdV9 (11 isolates, 99.1% to 99.3%), and the 1047 strain of FAdV11 (18 isolates, > 99%). Experimental infections with four serotypes of FAdV resulted in high mortality of 18-day-old chicken embryos and 1-day-old chicks with marked liver necrosis similar to those observed in the natural outbreaks. Notably, specific hydropericardium was observed in chicks challenged with the K531 strain (serotype 4). However, 3-wk-old chickens challenged with FAdVs, regardless of serotype, did not show any clinical signs or mortality except histologic lesions of focal hepatocytic necrosis with mild lymphocytic infiltration. The results indicate that four FAdV serotypes (3, 4, 9, and 11) are the dominant serotypes of FAdVs in the Korea and are pathogenic enough to cause clinical disease in young chicks. The present investigation provides important information on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of FAdVs and highlights the importance of control strategies against FAdV infection in Korea.     

我国主要流行的4种血清型禽腺病毒-I群感染SPF鸡的致病性比较研究

旨在对我国流行的4种血清型(4、8a、8b和11型)禽腺病毒-I群(fowl adenovirus, FAdVs)对鸡胚和鸡的致病性进行研究,选取12日龄SPF鸡胚和10日龄SPF鸡感染4种血清型FAdVs,对SPF鸡胚和鸡的死亡率及鸡胚胚体质量进行统计;对感染鸡的大体剖检变化、组织学变化进行观察和病毒载量进行研究。结果显示,FAdV-8b和FAdV-11感染SPF鸡胚后其死亡率高于45%,FAdV-8a感染后胚体质量降低最严重,FAdV-4感染后对胚体质量影响最小;FAdV-4感染SPF鸡死亡率高达53.3%,其他组鸡无死亡;除肝出现肿胀、变性、出血和炎性细胞浸润外,4种病毒感染SPF鸡后分别造成不同组织器官的严重损伤,FAdV-4感染出现心包积液、FAdV-8a感染肌胃出现糜烂、FAdV-8b感染导致腺胃肿胀和FAdV-11感染导致胰腺坏死,各损伤组织均出现实质细胞坏死和炎性细胞浸润;4种病毒感染SPF鸡均出现免疫器官的组织学损伤,其中,FAdV-8a、-8b 和-11感染鸡引起的免疫器官内淋巴细胞缺失和损伤较FAdV-4更为严重;组织病毒载量结果显示,FAdV-4感染鸡心和肾病毒载量最高,FAdV-8b和FAdV-11感染鸡胰腺病毒载量高于FAdV-4感染组,且FAdV-4感染鸡心、肝和肾病毒载量在感染后第5天高于第3、7天,除FAdV-8a感染组外,病毒载量与各组织损伤情况相一致。综上表明,4种血清型FAdVs中,FAdV-11对SPF鸡胚的致死性最强,FAdVs对SPF鸡的致死率最高,尽管FAdV-8a、-8b 和-11不致死SPF鸡,但对SPF鸡胚、SPF鸡的消化系统和免疫系统损伤较为严重,这将会造成鸡胚孵化率降低、鸡生长发育缓慢和易于继发其他病原感染。     

Pathogenicity of embryo-adapted serotype 2 OH strain of infectious bursal disease virus in chickens and turkeys

The pathogenicity of serotype 2 OH strain of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) to specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken embryos and 2-wk-old SPF chickens and turkey poults was investigated. The virus was pathogenic for chicken embryos after five passages as evidenced by pathologic changes in inoculated embryos. The embryo-adapted virus was not pathogenic for 2-wk-old SPF chickens and turkey poults as indicated by lack of clinical signs, gross or microscopic lesions in the bursa of Fabricius of inoculated birds. Bursa-to-body-weight ratios of the inoculated chickens and turkey poults were not significantly different from those of uninoculated controls. Virus-neutralizing antibodies to serotype 2 IBDV were detected in inoculated chickens and turkeys. Results of this study indicated that the embryo-adapted serotype 2 OH IBDV isolate that is pathogenic for chicken embryos is infectious but not pathogenic in chickens and turkeys.     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒LH2/01/10的分离鉴定

2001年在我国黑龙江省某鸡场疑似鸡传染性支气管炎的发病鸡群中，分离到一株病毒，将该病毒接种10日龄SPF鸡胚，取72h的尿囊液进行电镜观察并用1％胰酶处理，结果发现尿囊液中存在典型的冠状病毒，用胰酶处理过的尿囊液能凝集SPF鸡的红细胞，初步鉴定为鸡的传染性支气管炎病毒。将该病毒尿囊液再次接种10日龄SPF’鸡胚，通过病毒对鸡胚的致病作用、病毒超微形态特征以及病毒凝集鸡红细胞的特性等对该毒株进行研究，结果表明：经胰酶处理后的病毒尿囊液可凝集鸡红细胞。鸡胚的第二代病毒尿囊液(命名为LH2,／01／10)分别接种1日龄和15日龄的SPF鸡，发现对不同日龄的鸡表现不同的致病性，对1日龄接种鸡和同笼饲养的同居对照鸡致病力高，发病率为11／11，致死率分别为4／6和2／5；15日龄接种和同居感染鸡发病率为9／9，致死率分别为1／5和1／4。实验应用反转录一聚合酶链式反应技术对LH2／01／10的膜蛋白基因进行扩增、克隆和序列测定，结果表明该基因具有IBVM基因的共有分子特征．与IBV标准株M41的M基因核苷酸的同源性为90％，氨基酸的同源性为91％。这从分子水平进一步证实引起鸡群死亡的病毒为鸡传染性支气管炎病毒。     

Serologic and pathogenetic studies on avian reoviruses isolated in Japan

Eighty-nine avian reoviruses isolated from diseased and clinically normal chickens were classified serologically using antisera against five prototype strains. Eighty-three strains were classified into five serotypes; six strains were untypable. Most of the cytopathogenic strains that produced a clear cytopathic effect (CPE) in chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) were highly pathogenic for chicken embryos (80% or more mortality via the allantoic sac) and for chicks (severe footpad swellings and tenosynovitis). These strains were classified into a single serotype represented by the TS-142 prototype strain. However, 10 strains that could not produce a clear CPE in CEFs showed very low pathogenicity for embryos and chicks, and these strains were serologically different from the TS-142 prototype strain. There was a strong relationship between pathogenicity and serotype. About 17% of the isolates were considered highly pathogenic.     

Induction of hydropericardium in one-day-old specific-pathogen-free chicks by adenoviruses from inclusion body hepatitis

The pathogenicities of inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) and hydropericardium syndrome (HPS) strains of adenovirus for specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicks were compared. One-day-old SPF chicks inoculated intramuscularly with the DPI-2 (serotype 2), S-PL1 (serotype 2), TR630 (serotype 8), and Saga97 (serotype 8) strains from IBH and with the LVP-1 strain (serotype 4) from HPS exhibited the mortality, liver enlargement, and hydropericardium characteristic of gross change found in HPS. The chicks inoculated with the IBH and HPS strains exhibited similar histologic and immunohistochemical changes. Neither mortality nor pathologic changes occurred in 3-wk-old SPF chicks inoculated with IBH strains, although HPS strain induced HPS lesions in them. This study indicates that IBH strains of adenovirus can also reproduce HPS lesions and mortality in 1-day-old SPF chicks and that IBH and HPS strains may have similar pathogenicities except for their different virulence for older chickens.     

Avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 isolates from the spinal cord of parrots display a very low virulence

The spinal cord of 32 psittacines suffering from proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) was investigated. In six cases, a virus was isolated which upon electron microscopic examination revealed morphological details typical of members of the Paramyxoviridae. All isolates were subsequently characterized as avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (APMV-1) by type-specific polyclonal antisera. According to their reactivity with APMV-1 specific monoclonal antibodies, the six isolates shared epitopes within the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase spike protein, distinct from pigeon-type paramyxoviruses and the LaSota vaccine strain. This grouping was further corroborated by properties of the haemagglutinin: all isolates showed a very thermosensitive haemagglutination activity and were rapid eluters. Virulence of the APMV-1 isolates in 1-day-old specific pathogen free (spf) chicken was very low, with intracerebral pathogenicity indices between 0 and 0.1. In embryonated spf chicken eggs, psittacine isolates replicated to high titres (10(8.6)-10(10.7) EID50/ml). However, they exhibited a reduced lethality over an observation time of 7 days (10(6.1)-10(8.3) ELD50/ml). In a haemagglutination inhibition test with parrot sera from birds with no history of APMV-1 vaccination, sera reacted preferentially with two isolates compared with APMV-1 vaccine strains LaSota and B1. The other four isolates exhibited a differentiated reaction pattern with the parrot sera, indicating an antigenic inhomogeneity. This is the first report of isolating very low virulent APMV-1 from neuronal tissue of parrots and implications for a possible role in slow progressing disease will be discussed.     

Experimental infection of hamsters with avian paramyxovirus serotypes 1 to 9

ABSTRACT: Avian paramyxoviruses (APMVs) are frequently isolated from domestic and wild birds throughout the world and are separated into nine serotypes (APMV-1 to -9). Only in the case of APMV-1, the infection of non-avian species has been investigated. The APMVs presently are being considered as human vaccine vectors. In this study, we evaluated the replication and pathogenicity of all nine APMV serotypes in hamsters. The hamsters were inoculated intranasally with each virus and monitored for clinical disease, pathology, histopathology, virus replication, and seroconversion. On the basis of one or more of these criteria, each of the APMV serotypes was found to replicate in hamsters. The APMVs produced mild or inapparent clinical signs in hamsters except for APMV-9, which produced moderate disease. Gross lesions were observed over the pulmonary surface of hamsters infected with APMV-2 & -3, which showed petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhages, respectively. Replication of all of the APMVs except APMV-5 was confirmed in the nasal turbinates and lungs, indicating a tropism for the respiratory tract. Histologically, the infection resulted in lung lesions consistent with bronchointerstitial pneumonia of varying severity and nasal turbinates with blunting or loss of cilia of the epithelium lining the nasal septa. The majority of APMV-infected hamsters exhibited transient histological lesions that self resolved by 14 days post infection (dpi). All of the hamsters infected with the APMVs produced serotype-specific HI or neutralizing antibodies, confirming virus replication. Taken together, these results demonstrate that all nine known APMV serotypes are capable of replicating in hamsters with minimal disease and pathology.     

1群4型禽腺病毒的分离鉴定及Fiber-2蛋白的免疫效果分析

旨在鉴定河南某蛋鸡场以心包积液、肝肿大出血为特征的病原,并对病原的免疫原性蛋白进行表达和效果分析。本研究采用病毒分离、血清学试验、PCR检测及测序分析、动物回归试验、大肠杆菌表达、蛋白纯化、攻毒保护等方法进行研究。结果显示,所采集样品经卵黄囊途径接种7日龄SPF鸡胚,盲传2代后获得病毒;PCR可扩增出约900 bp的Hexon基因片段,经测序,其Hexon基因与血清C4型毒株的相似性为100%;血清中和试验结果表明分离的禽腺病毒为1群血清4型禽腺病毒,命名为HN-ZK株。该毒株可在鸡胚原代肝细胞上产生CPE,病毒含量可达10^7.5TCID₅₀·0.1 mL^-1。动物回归试验表明,该分离毒株可使35日龄SPF鸡100%（10/10）表现出发病症状。以分离株的DNA为模板,利用大肠杆菌原核表达系统,获得相对分子质量约为33 ku的Fiber-2蛋白,离心浓缩、纯化后蛋白含量为300 mg·mL^-1。将表达的Fiber-2蛋白用不同的剂量免疫SPF鸡,结果表明20 μg·只^-1的剂量能使鸡完全抵抗强毒株的攻击,说明Fiber-2蛋白具有较好的免疫原性。本研究可为禽心包积水-肝炎综合征的诊断和基因工程亚单位疫苗的研制提供数据参考。     

Isolation and Identification of Group I Type 4 Avian Adenovirus and Analysis in Immune Effect of Fiber-2 Protein

The aim of this study was to identify pathogens, which caused pericardial effusion, hepatomegaly and bleeding at a chicken farm in Henan province, and furthermore to analyze effectiveness of immunogenic proteins of the pathogen. This study employed virus isolation, serological assays, PCR and sequencing analysis, animal experimentation, E. coli expression and protein purification, immunogenicity and challenge test and other methods. The results showed that virus was isolated in 7-day-old SPF chicken embryonated eggs, inoculated via the yolk sac route by two blind passages. Viral confirmation was carried out using PCR techniques, and showed a 900-bp-long fragment which shared a 100% homology with the Hexon gene of the serotype C4 strain. Serum neutralization results indicated that this isolate avian adenovirus was the group I type 4 avian adenovirus, named HN-ZK strain. The virus could induce CPE on primary hepatocytes of chicken embryo, and its titer was 10^7.5 TCID₅₀·0.1 mL^-1. Animal experimentation illustrated that the isolated virus caused 100% (10/10) typical symptoms and pathogenicity in 35-day-old SPF chickens. Furthermore, the DNA of the isolate virus was used as a template to express Fiber-2 fragment, with a molecular weight of 33 kDa by using the E. coli expression system, and the protein was concentrated and purified to 300 mg·mL^-1 after centrifugation and purification. SPF chickens were immunized with different doses of the purified Fiber-2 protein, and showed that a dose of 20 μg per chick was completely resistant to challenge of the virulent virus, suggesting the purified Fiber-2 protein has better immunogenicity. This study can provide data for diagnosing the hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome, and developing a genetic engineering subunit vaccine.     

Differences in the induction of urate deposition of specific-pathogen-free chicks inoculated with avian nephritis virus passaged by five different methods.

The G-4260 strain of avian nephritis virus (ANV) was passaged using five different methods as follows: method 1, passage three times in chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of 11-day-old embryonated eggs (CAM3); method 2, passage twice in CAM and further passage once in yolk sac (YS) of 6-day-old embryonated eggs (CAM2-YS1); method 3, passage 11 times in CAM (CAM11); method 4, passage 10 times in CAM and further passage twice in YS (CAM10-YS2); method 5, passage as in Method 4 and then passage three times in chicken kidney cell culture (CAM10-YS2-CK3). CAM11 and CAM10-YS2 were each inoculated orally into 25 one-day-old specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicks. Seven chicks in the CAM11-inoculated group and six chicks in the CAM10-YS2-inoculated group died or were killed because they were moribund; all had either nephrosis or urate deposition. CAM3, CAM2-YS1, CAM10-YS2, and CAM10-YS2-CK3 were each inoculated intraperitoneally into 15 one-day-old SPF chicks. No chicks inoculated with CAM3 or CAM2-YS1 died, but wo chicks inoculated with CAM10-YS2 and three inoculated with CAM10-YS2-CK3 died with urate deposition. At 14 postinoculation, plasma urate values of the CAM10-YS2- and CAM10-YS2-CK3-inoculated chicks were significantly higher than those of CAM3- and CAM2-YS1-inoculated chicks and control chicks (P less than 0.01). However, interstitial nephritis was observed in most of the ANV-inoculated birds.     

Viral pathogenesis of a nephrotropic infectious bronchitis virus isolated from commercial pullets.

Infectious bronchitis was diagnosed in 3-to-4-week-old pullets from an outbreak in a commercial flock in California. The disease was characterized by head swelling, watery discharge from the eyes and nostrils, and urates in kidneys. Mortality ranged from 1.8% to 12.5% per week. The isolation of a coronavirus from a suspension of pooled kidneys from clinically ill chickens at the fifth passage in 10-day-old chicken embryos, gross and histologic renal lesions, and seroconversion by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in inoculated birds suggested that the virus isolated was a nephrotrophic strain of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). The virus isolate was found to be a previously unrecognized serotype, based on virus neutralization tests performed in embryonated chicken eggs. Nephropathogenicity of the IBV isolate was confirmed by inoculation of the viral isolate into specific-pathogen-free chicks and demonstration of renal lesions. The isolation of nephrotropic strains of IBV has not been reported previously from poultry in California.     

Mixed paramyxovirus infection of wild and domestic birds in Israel

Five cases of dual isolations of different serotypes of avian paramyxoviruses (APMV) from domestic and wild birds are described: one case of mixed infection by APMV-1 and APMV-4 and four cases of infection by APMV-1 and APMV-2 serotypes. The double infection was proven by consecutive isolations of two viruses from allantoic fluid samples derived from single swabs after their respective treatment by antisera against each suspected virus. The finding of double APMV infection in poultry farms appears to be important for epizootiology and pathogenesis of APMV-caused diseases.     

Ⅰ群禽腺病毒血清11型的分离鉴定及致病性试验

【目的】 了解江苏地区禽腺病毒（Fowl adenovirus,FAdV）的基因遗传演化情况及致病性,为FAdV的流行病学研究和疫病防控提供参考。【方法】 通过SPF鸡胚盲传、PCR鉴定、电镜观察、全基因组测序、序列比对与相似性分析判定病毒血清分型,并将分离株以5×10^5.33 EID₅₀剂量胸肌注射的方式感染10日龄SPF雏鸡进行动物回归试验。【结果】 PCR结果显示,该分离株为Ⅰ群FAdV阳性,在透射电镜下可见球型、无囊膜、具有腺病毒典型的二十面体结构,通过全基因组和Hexon基因进行序列分析表明该分离毒株为FAdV D种血清11型毒株,命名为JSNT-1株。将该毒株感染SPF雏鸡,死亡率为10%（1/10）,病死鸡剖检可见肝脏褪色变黄,出血肿胀,边缘钝圆;肾脏肿大出血,苍白等病变。通过实时荧光定量PCR试验可从口腔及泄殖腔中检测到排毒,且病毒在鸡体内多个组织器官均有分布。病理组织学结果显示,死亡鸡的肝细胞变性坏死,出现嗜碱性核内包涵体;肾小球上皮细胞变性坏死;心肌可见大量炎性细胞浸润。【结论】 分离株为FAdV血清11型,感染SPF鸡后临床发病不明显,致死率低,病死鸡能产生特征性的包涵体肝炎病变,且病毒可在鸡体内外进行复制。     

鸭源新城疫病毒的分离鉴定

从病死肉鸭肝脏中分离到2株病毒(ZH1、ZH2),均能够凝集鸡、肉鸭、绵羊、山羊、猪、人、兔、牛等的红细胞,且这种血凝性可被NDV标准阳性血清所抑制.参照NDV毒力判定标准及其方法对分离毒株ZH1、ZH2进行了鸡胚最小致死量平均死亡时间(MDT)、鸡胚半数感染量(EID50)以及1日龄鸡脑内接种致病指数(ICPI)测定,结果ZH1、ZH2株的MDT为52 h和44 h,EID50为106.4/0.1mL和108.64/0.1mL,ICPI为1.93和1.975.表明这2株分离病毒均为NDV强毒株.