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建立了一种用高效液相色谱仪分析节瓜及土壤中的吡虫啉残留量方法.样品用乙腈溶剂提取,节瓜样品过SPE小柱净化,土壤样品直接浓缩、定容,最后用液相色谱DAD检测器测定.该方法条件下,吡虫啉的最小检出量为:0.2ng,在节瓜和土壤中最低检测浓度分别为0.02、0.01mg/kg,吡虫啉在节瓜和土壤样品中的回收率分别为94.9%~ 119.7%和84.8%~107.1%,变异系数为1.46%~9.14%,满足农药残留分析要求. 相似文献
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采用HPLC DAD方法对吡虫啉在金银花及土壤中的残留动态进行研究。该方法最小检出量为0.021 2 ng,样品添加回收率为80.9%~ 84.6%,变异系数为7.74%~ 18.15%。研究结果表明:吡虫啉在金银花和土壤中的半衰期分别为1.52~ 4.65、11.07~ 19.09 d。建议金银花中吡虫啉的最大残留限量(MRL)为3.0 mg/kg;10%吡虫啉可湿性粉剂防治金银花蚜虫,用药量为30 g/hm2(有效成分),采用喷雾的施药方法,在每茬花中最多施药2次,安全施药间隔期为7 d。 相似文献
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吡虫啉在土壤、萝卜中的残留分析方法 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
采用高效液相色谱法,在270nm波长下,对吡虫啉在土壤、萝卜中的残留分析方法进行了研究,方法的标准偏差在0.46—6.61之间,回收率在81.2%—103.7%之间。 相似文献
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采用高效液相色谱检测技术,于2010—2011年开展了吡虫啉可溶液剂、可湿性粉剂、微乳剂和颗粒剂4种常见剂型的不同施药剂量、不同施药次数和采收间隔期的田间试验,研究了不同剂型吡虫啉在烟叶和土壤中的残留降解规律与最终残留量。结果表明,在3个添加水平(0.01~5 mg/kg)、5次重复下,鲜烟叶、干烟叶和土壤中吡虫啉的平均回收率和相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为85.6% ~89.3%,5.0% ~5.7%;85.0% ~88.3%,3.5% ~5.0%;84.1% ~91.5%,3.4% ~8.0%;符合农药残留检测要求。吡虫啉最小检出量(LOD)为0.3 ng(S/N=3),最低检测浓度(LOQ)分别为:鲜烟叶0.01 mg/kg,干烟叶0.03 mg/kg,土壤0.01 mg/kg。由于推荐剂量不同,不同剂型农药在烟叶上的原始沉积量有较大差别,可溶液剂、可湿性粉剂、微乳剂和颗粒剂4种剂型的吡虫啉降解速率均较快,半衰期分别为5.7~6.6、3.1~3.7、5.0~5.1和10.5~11.4 d。在不同处理的干烟叶中,吡虫啉残留量有明显差异,根据国际烟草科学合作研究中心(CORESTA)的指导性残留限量为5 mg/kg,建议大田喷雾施药的3种剂型(可溶液剂、可湿性粉剂和微乳剂)安全间隔期为14 d,移栽期穴施的颗粒剂安全间隔期为70 d。 相似文献
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为探索露地蔬菜中残留农药降解较快的主要原因,以吡虫啉为供试农药,以不结球白菜(Brassica rapa L.Chinensis Group.,俗称小白菜)为代表作物,采用人工模拟降雨研究了不同降雨强度、降雨间隔、降雨次数及农药剂型对吡虫啉在蔬菜中残留量的影响。结果表明:吡虫啉在小白菜中的残留量随着降雨强度的增大而降低,随着降雨间隔时间的延长而升高,随着降雨次数的增多而降低,且连续降雨对吡虫啉的淋失作用大于间断降雨;降雨对小白菜上吡虫啉水分散粒剂的淋洗率高于对乳油的淋洗率。 相似文献
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采用喷雾和灌根两种施药方法,设置高、低两个浓度,测定吡虫啉在草莓植株中的分布及对草莓蚜虫的防效。结果表明,喷雾处理区,草莓叶片中吡虫啉初始沉积量高于茎,叶片中持留的吡虫啉消解较快,而茎中消解较慢;灌根处理区,叶片中吡虫啉积累量于药后7 d达到最大值,之后缓慢减少,茎中吡虫啉持留量在药后1~28 d相对稳定。随着时间推移,不同施药方法对蚜虫的防效不同。喷雾法短期防效(7 d内)优于灌根法,但持效期较短。灌根施药法速效性较差,但持效期长,药后7~28 d防效保持在70%以上。同时,随着施药浓度的增加,灌根法的速效性有良好的提升。 相似文献
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建立了分析菜薹、芥蓝和青花菜中吡虫啉残留量的方法。样品经乙腈震荡提取,盐析后取乙腈相浓缩,PSA和GCB分散固相萃取净化后,高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测。吡虫啉在3种蔬菜中的平均回收率分别为82. 2%~99. 7%、92. 9%~108. 3%和80. 3%~100. 5%,相对标准偏差分别为2. 5%~6. 0%、0. 6%~3. 1%和1. 9%~2. 8%,定量限均为0. 02mg/kg。在黑龙江省、江苏省和湖南省进行田间试验,按照20%吡虫啉可溶液剂的推荐施药方法施药,末次施药5、7、10d后,菜薹中吡虫啉的残留量为<0. 02~0. 080mg/kg,芥蓝中吡虫啉的残留量为<0. 02~0. 11mg/kg,青花菜中吡虫啉的残留量为<0. 02~0. 33mg/kg。经长期膳食摄入风险评估,我国普通人群吡虫啉的日摄入风险概率最大为11. 7%,建议制定吡虫啉在菜薹、芥蓝和青花菜中的最大残留限量分别为0. 5mg/kg、1. 0mg/kg和1. 0mg/kg。 相似文献
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为明确吡虫啉、苯醚甲环唑和百菌清在露地甘蓝中的消解动态及残留分布规律,在田间施用农药后,采用液相色谱-质谱联用仪和气相色谱仪,对不同时间甘蓝样品及甘蓝不同部位的农药残留量进行了分析。结果表明:3种农药在甘蓝中的消解动态均符合一级反应动力学模型,其中,吡虫啉消解最快,苯醚甲环唑次之,百菌清最慢,半衰期分别为1.35、2.28和2.47 d。最终残留试验结果显示:施药后7和14 d,吡虫啉、百菌清在甘蓝中的残留量均符合食品中农药残留限量要求,而苯醚甲环唑在施药后14 d的残留量仍高于最大残留限量值 (MRL)。3种农药在甘蓝不同部位中的残留量差异显著 (P<0.05),其中甘蓝内球叶中未检出或残留量较低,外球叶中初始残留量较低,1至5 d可降至MRL值以下,外叶中的残留量显著高于其他部位。该结果表明,采后处理甘蓝时若去除其外叶,可有效降低甘蓝中的农药残留量,提高质量安全水平。 相似文献
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为探讨吡虫啉包衣对黄瓜瓜蚜的防治效果及包衣后吡虫啉在黄瓜植株体内的分布动态,以不同剂量的40%吡虫啉悬浮种衣剂包衣处理黄瓜种子,并测定了不同时间内其对瓜蚜Aphis gossypii Glover的防治效果,同时使用HPLC检测了瓜苗出土后不同时期吡虫啉在黄瓜植株各部位的分布量。结果表明,100 kg黄瓜种子用吡虫啉(有效成分)240 g、480 g和960 g的处理在瓜苗出土35 d后,瓜苗上所接瓜蚜的校正虫口减退率仍分别达到89.2%、92.0%和97.7%。经过吡虫啉包衣处理后的黄瓜种子在出苗后 3~14 d内,植株体内的吡虫啉含量逐渐增加,14 d时达到峰值后逐渐减少; 黄瓜植株不同地上部位中吡虫啉的含量不均匀,其中下部叶片药剂含量最高,其次是上部叶片,茎部最低。 相似文献
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A practical method for analysis of residues of imidacloprid in baked tobacco leaves has been developed using HPLC with liquid-liquid partition clean-up. Imidacloprid was extracted with ethyl acetate under ultrasound, and cleaned up by liquid-liquid partition with 50 g litre(-1) aqueous sodium chloride followed by dichloromethane. The water-soluble and fat-soluble components in tobacco, which interfere with imidacloprid in HPLC, were removed. The separation was performed on a Supelco LC-18 column (250 mm x 4.6 mm ID) with a mobile phase of acetonitrile + 5 mM ammonium acetate (20 + 80 by volume) at a flow-rate of 1 ml min(-1). The baseline separation between imidacloprid and the tobacco blank was achieved within 10 min. With a detection wavelength at 270 nm, the limit of quantitation was 0.04 mg kg(-1). The recovery ranged from 89.8 to 95.4% and the RSDs were less than 2.3%. The proposed method was successfully employed for the determination of imidacloprid residues in 300 samples of flue-cured tobacco leaves. 相似文献
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Peng Zhang Xuefeng Zhang Yunhe Zhao Yan Wei Wei Mu Feng Liu 《Pest management science》2016,72(6):1141-1149
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<正>0引言西瓜银斑驳病毒(watermelon silver mottle virus,WSMoV)是番茄斑萎病毒科(Tospoviridae)正番茄斑萎病毒属(Orthotospovirus)病毒,主要通过蓟马以持久增殖型方式传播[1-2]。WSMoV病毒粒子球状,外具包膜,基因组为三分体负单链RNA,分别为L RNA、M RNA和S RNA[1,3]。1982年IWAKI等最先在日本冲绳县发现WSMoV为害西瓜,在叶片上产生银色斑驳症状,遂命名为西瓜银斑驳病毒[4];随后,中国台湾、泰国、印度等地陆续报道该病毒[1,5-6]。 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: Pest resurgence following a pesticide application may occur owing to a stimulatory (hormetic) response to sublethal insecticide concentrations. The objective of the present study was to examine the potential for a greenhouse‐derived red clone of Myzus persicae to exhibit resurgence owing to a hormetic response following a systemic imidacloprid treatment in a bell pepper greenhouse. RESULTS: No differences in mortality and fecundity were observed among apterous adults exposed to sublethal imidacloprid concentrations on excised pepper leaves fed aqueous solutions of imidacloprid. Survival of first‐generation progeny was negatively affected by imidacloprid exposure, yet surviving progeny exhibited no differences in development rates or fecundity from progeny of adults unexposed to imidacloprid. Aphid mortality declined most rapidly in clip cages on pepper leaves at the top of the pepper canopy as compared with leaves present at the middle or bottom of the pepper canopy. CONCLUSION: Imidacloprid decays rapidly in mature pepper plants, resulting in sublethal concentrations in the upper canopy in as little as 4 weeks. Sublethal insecticide concentrations have been implicated in the resurgence of pest populations; however, exposure to sublethal doses of imidacloprid are unlikely to result in pesticide‐induced resurgence of the M. persicae aphid clone examined in this study. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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新烟碱类杀虫剂种子包衣防治麦蚜的可行性评价 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
为评价不同新烟碱类杀虫剂处理种子防治小麦蚜虫的应用潜力,采用种子包衣法分别在室内及田间比较了吡虫啉、噻虫嗪、啶虫脒、烯啶虫胺、噻虫啉防治小麦蚜虫的效果及安全性,并测定了吡虫啉和噻虫嗪的持效、对天敌和小麦产量的影响及其在小麦籽粒中的最终残留量。结果表明,在2.4、3.6和4.8 g/kg种子剂量下,啶虫脒明显降低小麦出苗率,而其它药剂均无显著影响;至抽穗前烯啶虫胺、啶虫脒和噻虫啉对麦蚜的防效低,吡虫啉和噻虫嗪则均有较高防效,在58.17%以上,而在小麦抽穗扬花期防效下降,为33.57%~60.46%。吡虫啉和噻虫嗪对叶部麦蚜防效均相应高于穗部。与喷雾处理相比,吡虫啉、噻虫嗪各剂量种子包衣对瓢虫和蚜茧蜂等天敌昆虫影响小,在3.6、4.8 g/kg种子剂量下,小麦千粒重和产量无显著差异,且在小麦籽粒中的残留量低。表明吡虫啉和噻虫嗪种子包衣防治麦蚜的应用潜力大。 相似文献
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Lakshmipathi Srigiriraju Paul J Semtner Jeffrey R Bloomquist 《Pest management science》2010,66(6):676-685
BACKGROUND: Imidacloprid is the primary insecticide for controlling the tobacco‐adapted form of the green peach aphid (TGPA), Myzus persicae (Sulzer), a major pest of tobacco worldwide. This study used leaf‐dip bioassays to assess TGPA resistance to imidacloprid in the eastern United States from 2004 through 2007. RESULTS: When combined over the 4 year study, 18, 14 and 3% of the TGPA had imidacloprid resistance ratios (RRs) of 10–20‐fold, 20–30‐fold and 30–90‐fold, respectively, compared with the most susceptible colony tested. This indicates that some colonies have developed moderate levels of resistance to imidacloprid. A colony collected near Clayton, North Carolina, had the highest RR of 91 (LC50 value = 31 mg L?1). This resistance declined for six tests over a 3 year period in the laboratory culture from >130‐fold RR (LC50 = 48 mg L?1) to 40‐fold RR (LC50 = 15 mg L?1). Over the same period, the most susceptible colony and a standard colony not exposed to imidacloprid for over 7 years had consistently low LC50 values. CONCLUSION: Moderate levels of resistance to imidacloprid are noticed among TGPA colonies from the eastern United States. The variation in resistance indicates that the factors responsible are present in the populations at low frequencies and are just not enough to cause field failures yet. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献

