山羊补饲育肥效果好

选择 5～ 6月龄本地去势公羊 16只 ,平均体重 2 0kg左右。随机分为对照、试验两个组 ,每组 8只 ,放牧饲养 ,条件相同。试验组每天每只羊补料 2 5 0g ,对照组只放牧不补料。经 75天饲养 ,试验组只平均增重 11 41± 0 6 3kg,日增重平均 15 2 1± 8 3g;对照组只平均增重 6 3 8± 0 .5 7kg ,平均日增重 85± 7.6g ,差异极显著。扣除成本 ,试验组比对照组平均每只羊多增收 3 2 47元。     

添加4%“牛羊壮”预混料对育肥羔羊试验

应用青海河湟青牧饲料科技开发有限公司生产的"牛羊壮"预混料对欧拉型藏羊羔羊进行育肥,试验期70d。结果表明:试验组羊育肥未平均增重12.59kg,日均增重0.180kg,对照组羊育肥未平均增重7.53kg、日均增重0.108kg,试验组每只羊比对照组羊增重5.06kg,差异显著。     

冬春季暖棚养羊补饲试验研究

在舍饲及放牧的条件下,冬春季采用暖棚养羊及补饲,分析了藏羊的增重和经济效益的影响。结果表明,放牧+精料+青干草试验,试验组比对照组平均每只多增重4.99kg,平均每只试验组比对照组多增收115元,说明,在同仁县高寒牧区,冬春季对藏羊补饲可缓解因寒冷而掉膘的问题,从而增加了经济收入,是一种十分有效的养殖方式,值得大力推广。     

添加“牛羊壮”添加剂对羔羊的育肥试验

应用青海河湟青牧饲料科技开发有限公司生产的"牛羊壮"预混料对欧拉型藏羊羔羊进行育肥,分两组、试验组25只、对照组25只,试验组羊饲喂混合精料中添加"牛羊壮"预混料,对照组羊的精料中未加"牛羊壮"预混料,试验期70d。结果表明:试验组羊育肥未平均增重12.59kg,日均增重0.179kg,对照组上述指标分别为7.53kg、0.108kg,经t检验,各项指标差异显著(P0.05)。试验组每只羊比对照组羊多收入90元,经济效益明显。     

高寒牧区冬春季不同补饲方式对藏羊生产效益的影响

为了减少天祝高寒牧区藏羊冷季掉膘损失,本试验于2013年12月1日-2014年5月15日在天祝县抓喜秀龙乡高寒牧区开展藏羊补饲燕麦秸秆青贮料和精料试验,分析了藏羊增重和经济效益的影响。结果表明,放牧+精料+青贮饲料试验组比放牧+精料对照组体重平均少减少4.39kg/只,。平均每只试验组藏羊比对照组多增收124.2元。说明在高寒牧区,青贮饲料的饲喂可以有效缓解冬春季藏羊掉膘的问题。而且,在饲喂青贮料后生产效益显著提高,也为当地牧民带来更多收入。     

添加复合预混料短期育肥绵羊试验

对青海省牧区淘汰 2～ 4岁的瘦羊 75只 ,贩运到东部农区舍饲育肥 ,分为两组 ,试验组 65只 ,对照组 10只。试验组羊饲喂混合精料中添加促生长复合预混料 ,对照组羊的精料中未加复合预混料 ,试验期 60d。结果表明 :试验组羊育肥末平均增重 11.4kg ,日均增重 0 .19kg ,对照组上述指标分别为 6.2 4kg ,0 .10 4kg ,经t检验 ,各项指标差异显著 (P <0 .0 5 )。试验组每只羊比对照组羊多收入 3 2元 ,经济效益明显。     

不同日粮对农户舍饲羊生产性能的影响

将29只杂种母羊随机分为2组,试验组13只,饲喂标准日粮;对照组16只,饲喂农户惯用日粮,进行60d饲养试验。结果表明,试验组羊平均每只羊总增重比对照组羊提高了7.02kg,日增重提高了185.33g;试验组母羊于断奶后35～60d内全部发情配种,而对照组则只有16%的母羊发情配种。     

高寒地区补饲复合预混料对放牧绵羊的效果

于枯草期在青海省门源县5家牧户中选择青海半细毛绵羊100只(其中周岁幼羊80只,怀孕母羊20只),将复合预混料添加于精料及燕麦干草中补饲60～120d.结果表明周岁幼羊试验组比对照组平均每只羊多增重1.45～6.91kg,增加幅度为81.0%～237.4%(P＜0.01),增加纯收益8.77～53.64元,投入产出比为13.1～147;怀孕母羊所产羔羊初生重平均每只羊试验组比对照组增加0.56kg,增幅为17.9%,产后60d比对照组羔羊多增重1.76kg(33%、P＜0.01),增加纯收益13.1元,投入产出比为113.4.表明牧户在自配精料混合料或燕麦青干草中添加复合预混料补饲放牧绵羊,增重效果显著,投入低,产出高,易操作.     

棉籽壳菌糠饲喂杜寒杂交羊育肥效果

利用棉籽壳菌糠对杜寒杂交羊进行育肥试验.结果表明:试验组羊的平均日增重为170.33 g,对照组为119.33 g,试验组比对照组提高42.7%,差异显著(P＜0.05);试验组每只羊收益比对照组可增加42.1%,经济效益明显.     

不同饲料配方对育肥羊增重效果的影响

从青海省海东工业园区互助县世明肉羊养殖农民专业合作社引进的育肥羊中选择生长发育正常,健康无病,体重约16.1~17.8 kg的羊60只,随机分为试验组和对照组,饲料中添加适当比例的河湟青牧预混料进行日增重测定。试验结果表明,在饲养管理一致,采用对照组料和试验组料饲喂时,试验组30、60、90 d体重分别比对照组高出0.83、2.63、4.4 kg,试验组平均日增重比对照组高53.33 g,且试验组每只羊多收入35元,经济效益明显高于对照组。说明通过配方足量补给,使日增重和饲料转化率得到较大提高,经济效益明显,具有较高的推广价值。     

Impact of a sustained-release ivermectin bolus on weight gain in breeding age Holstein heifers under commercial pasture conditions in southern Québec.

This field trial was designed to test the effect of treatment with a sustained-release ivermectin bolus on average daily and total weight gain in breeding age Holstein heifers under commercial pasture conditions in southern Quebec. One hundred and twelve heifers from 12 herds were randomly assigned at turnout either to treatment with a commercially-available ivermectin bolus or to remain as untreated controls. Ninety-six heifers, 49 treated animals and 47 controls, completed the trial. Animals were weighed at turnout, midseason, and at the end of the grazing season. Fecal samples were collected at each of these times and nematode eggs counted. Nematode egg excretion was relatively low throughout the pasture season, which was abnormally warm and dry until midsummer. Over the entire pasture season, average daily weight gain was higher in treated than in control animals (difference = 0.08 kg/day, P = 0.010). Total weight gain was also higher in treated animals than in control animals (difference = 12.82 kg, P = 0.013). The results of this study suggest that preventive treatment of breeding age, grazing dairy heifers with a sustained-release ivermectin bolus provides a significant weight gain advantage, in situations with moderate utilization of moderately contaminated pastures.     

缓释氢氧化钙和缓释盐酸对家兔营养物质消化吸收的影响

本试验选用体重为(2.0±0.5)kg的家兔为试验动物,分别采用缓释氢氧化钙和缓释盐酸调节家兔的消化吸收,测定其对营养物质消化吸收的影响。结果表明:缓释氢氧化钙能促进营养物质特别是钙和粗蛋白质的消化吸收,其消化率分别从41.0%和65.2%增加到89.8%和93.8%;缓释盐酸对营养物质特别是钙和粗蛋白质的消化吸收不利,其消化率分别从55.5%和84.9%下降为28.4%和68.7%;此外,缓释氢氧化钙的促进消化吸收效果可维持3~4 d。由此可知,缓释氢氧化钙对钙以及蛋白质的消化吸收具有促进作用,而脂肪的消化吸收无论状态如何都具有良好的效果,因此增加脂肪的摄入容易产生营养过剩。然而,服用缓释盐酸会降低营养物质的消化吸收效果。     

乳酸菌和酵母菌复合制剂对肉仔鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和肠道健康的影响

本试验旨在研究乳酸菌和酵母菌复合制剂(LS)及其与维吉尼亚霉素(VM)联用对爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和肠道健康的影响。选取1日龄健康AA肉鸡公雏400只,据体重相近原则分为4组,每组5个重复,每重复20只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加30 mg/kg VM(VM组)、15 mg/kg VM+1 000 mg/kg LS(VM+LS组)和1 000 mg/kg LS(LS组)的试验饲粮。试验期42 d。结果表明:1)VM、VM+LS和LS组的42日龄肉仔鸡体重显著高于对照组(P0.05);VM+LS和LS组的22~42和1~42日龄肉仔鸡平均日增重和料重比显著优于对照组(P0.05)。2)VM+LS组的42日龄胸肌率和全净膛率显著高于对照组(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,LS组21日龄空肠黏膜形态显著改善(P0.05),十二指肠绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度值显著提高(P0.05);VM+LS和LS组42日龄十二指肠和空肠绒毛高度及绒毛高度/隐窝深度值显著提高(P0.05)。4)VM+LS和LS组的42日龄盲肠大肠杆菌数量和大肠杆菌/乳酸杆菌值显著低于对照组(P0.05)。综上,LS及其与VM联合使用均能改善肠道健康,促进肉仔鸡生长。     

"疯草灵"解毒缓释丸预防绵羊黄花棘豆中毒试验

将8只绵羊随机分为试验组和对照组,每天按10 g/kg饲喂黄花棘豆Oxytropis ochrantha鲜草,同时试验组投服疯草灵解毒缓释丸3丸,对照组不投服,以探索疯草灵解毒缓释丸对绵羊黄花棘豆中毒的预防作用.结果表明:对照组在试验第16-21天出现黄花棘豆中毒症状,试验组在试验第50-72天出现黄花棘豆中毒症状;实验室结果为2组羊血清谷草转氨酶(SGOT)、血清碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性、尿素氮(BUN)含量比试验前明显升高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).表明投服3丸疯草灵解毒缓释丸对绵羊黄花棘豆中毒具有预防作用,但还不能完全防止黄花棘豆对绵羊肝脏和肾脏等组织器官的损害.     

Efficacy of ivermectin administered via sustained-release bolus against gastrointestinal nematodes in cattle

Twelve calves (mean weight, 175.5 kg) were used to confirm efficacy of ivermectin delivered from a prototype sustained-release bolus against naturally acquired gastrointestinal nematodes including early fourth-stage (inhibited) larvae of Ostertagia ostertagi. The calves were allocated by restricted randomization on weight to 1 of 2 groups: controls, to which a placebo bolus was given orally, and treated calves, to which a sustained-release bolus designed to deliver 8 mg of ivermectin/day at a steady rate was given orally. After treatment, the 2 groups were housed in separate pens with concrete flooring. Twenty-eight days after treatment, all calves were euthanatized and necropsied. The ivermectin-treated calves had no larval or adult Ostertagia spp and significantly (P less than 0.01) fewer adult Trichostrongylus axei and adult Cooperia (C oncophora, C punctata and C surnabada) than control calves. Efficacy of ivermectin was greater than 99% for Cooperia spp, and 100% for other parasites. Drug-related adverse reactions were not observed.     

藏系绵羊自然放牧条件下生长发育规律观察

在冬春季节自然放牧条件下,对藏系绵羊不同管理水平下的体重变化、羔羊成活率、繁殖成活率、成畜保活率进行对比研究。在不采取任何补饲措施的情况下,试验组夜间圈于标准化暖棚羊舍,对照组圈于简易羊舍。实验结果表明,在12月21日到次年5月21日的150d时间内,对照组羊自试验期开始的第一个月起,体重逐渐下降至4月份到最低体重。然后逐渐增重,但到6月份体重仍未恢复到期初水平。试验组当年羔羊、育成羊和成年羊体重下降幅度比对照组分别低0．57kg、2．25kg和2．61kg;羔羊成活率、繁殖成活率和成畜保活率比对照组分别高1．02、4．70和2．29个百分点。对照组羊体重减少9．83kg,减少产肉4．52kg,只均损失117．57元;试验组羊体重减少5．94kg,减少产肉2．73kg,只均损失70．98元,比对照组低46．59元。说明藏系羊在寒冷季节采取必要的保暖措施,可以减轻体重损失,提高羔羊成活率、繁殖成活率和成畜保活率。     

Prophylactic efficacy of an ivermectin sustained-release bolus against challenge exposure with gastrointestinal and pulmonary nematode infective larvae in calves

Twelve Holstein calves were used to determine the prophylactic efficacy of ivermectin against challenge exposure with gastrointestinal and pulmonary nematodes. Two groups of 6 calves (mean body weight, 205 kg) each were formed by restricted randomization according to body weight. Group-1 calves served as nonmedicated controls. Each calf of group 2 was orally given one prototype sustained-release bolus designed to deliver ivermectin at a continuous daily dose of 8 mg. Third-stage nematode infective larvae were given to the calves on posttreatment days 28 and 42. The calves were euthanatized 77 or 78 days after treatment. Ivermectin was 100% effective (P less than 0.05) in preventing the establishment of infection by Haemonchus placei, Ostertagia ostertagi, Cooperia spp (C punctata, C oncophora, C surnabada), Nematodirus helvetianus, Oesophagostomum radiatum, and Dictyocaulus viviparus and was greater than 99% effective against Trichostrongylus axei. Incidental infection by Trichuris spp was reduced by 94% (P = 0.08).     

贵州黑山羊羔羊早期断奶育肥试验

选择体重接近的贵州黑山羊1月龄羔羊20只,随机分为2组,对照组正常断奶,试验组实施30天断奶及直线强度育肥,在断奶期与育肥期设计不同的日粮进行饲喂.结果表明:早期断奶羔羊对断奶日粮适应期过渡正常,试验组与对照组体重差异不显著(P＞0.05).早期断奶补饲可以明显增加贵州黑山羊的体重及日增重(P＜0.01).试验组体尺在...     

波尔山羊、南江黄羊与土种山羊杂交效果比较

在贵州石阡县将波本F1、南本F1和本地羊分为三组，测定初生、2月龄、4月龄、6月龄、8月龄五阶段的体高、体长、胸围、管围和体质量。试验结果为：波尔山羊、南江黄羊杂交能显著提高贵州石阡当地山羊的产肉性能。其中波本F1初生重公羊提高67.57％，母羊提高67.65％。南本F1初生重公羊提高8.11％，母羊提高11.76％。6月龄波本F1公羊体质量提高25.19％，母羊提高26.19％。南本F1公羊和母羊体质量分别提高12.59％和16.67％。比较波本F1和南本F1各阶段体质量发现，除了2月龄和8月龄母羊的体质量波本F1比南本F1小外，其余波本F1都大于南本F1。尤其是初生重波本F1公羊比南本F1大1.1kg，增加了55.00％，母羊大0.95kg，增加了50.00％。并建立加强杂种羊的饲养管理。     

德氏乳杆菌对育肥猪胴体性状及肉品质的影响

本试验旨在研究无抗生素饲粮中添加德氏乳杆菌对育肥猪胴体性状、肉品质及背最长肌营养成分的影响。试验选用健康、平均体重为(65.34±3.64)kg的"杜×(长×大)"育肥猪120头,随机分为2个组,每组6个重复,每个重复10头猪(公母各占1/2)。对照组饲喂无抗生素基础饲粮,试验组饲喂在无抗生素基础饲粮中添加0.1%德氏乳杆菌的饲粮。试验期42 d。结果表明:2组育肥猪的胴体性状差异不显著(P0.05);与对照组相比,试验组育肥猪的脾重率和胰重率显著升高(P0.05);宰后45 min时2组育肥猪的肉品质差异不显著(P0.05),宰后24 h时,与对照组相比,试验组育肥猪肉的黄度显著升高(P0.05),剪切力显著降低(P0.05);与对照组相比,试验组育肥猪背最长肌中甘氨酸、丙氨酸和风味氨基酸含量显著升高(P0.05),葵酸和棕榈酸含量显著降低(P0.05),棕榈油酸、亚油酸和多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著升高(P0.05)。结果提示,无抗生素饲粮中添加0.1%德氏乳杆菌对育肥猪的胴体性状、肉品质及肉中营养成分具有一定改善作用。