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封闭式循环水养殖水质处理技术简况 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
封闭式循环水养殖系统(以下简称循环水系统)概念有两个主要部分,一是循环,一是封闭。循环水是指同一养殖水体经过养殖系统内部的处理过程后循环使用。封闭是指此养殖环境既不受外界水源和气候制约,又不对外界环境产生危害。由于循环的需要,养殖系统本身有充分的能力改变和控制养殖水环境,从而达到与外界封闭的效果。 相似文献
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泡沫分离法的研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
封闭循环水的核心就是养殖废水的净化处理。对于循环水系统的每一道处理工序,都有大量可选择的工艺。特定工艺的选择,取决于养殖的鱼贝类、基础设备的生产能力、生产管理技术和其他许多因素。在水质净化处理中,泡沫分离法有其独特的功能。它能将溶解性有机物及悬浮物通过气泡的吸附形成泡沫被去除,适用于集约化水产养殖中闭合循环水处理。 相似文献
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循环水养殖系统的关键技术是养殖废水的处理和再利用。作为循环水养殖系统水处理的核心单元,生物膜对于养殖水体中污染物的去除起着至关重要的作用。水温、盐度、pH和溶氧等环境因子都会影响生物膜的功能,环境因子的突然变化会引起生物膜脱落、影响循环水养殖系统生物膜的形成过程及运行效果。控制好水温、盐度、pH和溶氧,生物膜净化效率就能达到较为理想的状态,养殖废水的处理效果就会更好。因此,有必要研究各个环境因子变量条件下的养殖废水去除动力学特征,以期为循环水养殖系统优化设计与运行管理提供理论依据。 相似文献
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海湾扇贝属瓣鳃纲、珍珠贝目、扇贝科种类,又称大西洋内湾扇贝,原产美国东海岸。现主要在山东、辽宁、河北等地开展人工养殖,因其生长快,产量高,成为我国沿海主要养殖品种。目前虽工厂化养殖技术比较成熟,但实际生产中,仍有一些育苗单位育苗失败,笔者现将2012年海湾扇贝育苗生产记录整理出来供同行借鉴。 相似文献
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旅大水产化工厂和山东省海水养殖研究所、青岛市第二海水养殖场利用现有海带育苗设备,在浅水条件下进行栉孔扇贝人工育苗试验获得成功,为解决扇贝苗种开辟了一条新路.扇贝是名贵的海珍品,近年来我国已开展人工养殖,存在的主要问题是苗种不足.虽然人工育苗早已成功,但必须在池水深度一至一米五的专用贝类育苗室培育,而建造一个三千平方米的贝类育苗室需投资五十余万元,使苗种生产受到限制.扇贝育苗季节正是海带育苗室 相似文献
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为了实现规模化人工养殖小丑鱼(Amphiprioninae),研发了小丑鱼室内循环水养殖设施和技术。1组循环水养殖系统由10个玻璃钢养殖桶和1个水处理玻璃缸及管道系统组成,采用物理过滤、生化过滤、藻板过滤进行循环水处理。1组循环水养殖系统每3个月可养殖产出全长约3.5 cm的商品小丑鱼5 000尾,养殖存活率达80%以上。从2014年至2015年,利用该设施养殖生产出商品小丑鱼10余万尾。和常规的食用海水鱼循环水养殖设施相比,小丑鱼室内循环水养殖系统主要减少了蛋白分离器、气浮机、微滤机等设备,增加了藻板过滤设施。研究表明,小丑鱼室内循环水养殖系统建造成本低、运行能耗低、管理维护简单、水质稳定,可基本实现全封闭循环水养殖,适合进行小丑鱼等海水珊瑚礁观赏鱼类的规模化养殖生产。 相似文献
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为探讨聚丙烯塑料发泡材料(EPP)、悬浮球填料和海绵填料对集装箱循环水养殖废水中细菌吸附性能的差异,以及3种填料挂膜启动和挂膜成熟后对氨氮(NH_4~+-N)、亚硝酸盐氮(NO_2~--N)和硝酸盐氮(NO_3~--N)的净水效果,以集装箱循环水养殖废水为研究对象,采用自然挂膜的方式进行了为期3个月的试验,并对相关指标进行测定。结果显示:EPP填料对养殖废水中细菌的吸附能力最好,另外两种填料对细菌的吸附能力次之并且差异不显著(P0.05);3种填料自然挂膜成熟的时间分别为21 d、26 d和30 d;各填料挂膜成熟后处理高浓度NH_4~+-N养殖废水时,NH_4~+-N浓度与NO_2~--N浓度之间的关系可以用多项式y=ax~2+bx+c进行拟合,NH_4~+-N浓度与NO_3~--N浓度之间的关系可以用对数式y=aln(x)+b进行拟合。研究表明:EPP填料、悬浮球填料和海绵填料均可作为生物填料用于集装箱循环水养殖系统。 相似文献
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随着可用水资源的减少,工业化循环水养殖是现代渔业的发展趋势。为了提高工业化循环水养殖的自动化程度,以及将其与物联网更好地结合起来,设计了基于易控的工业化循环水养殖系统。系统采用封闭式循环水养殖工艺,选用微滤机、流化床、低压纯氧混合装置等国内先进的循环水养殖装备构建硬件系统,使用西门子S7-300 PLC和其它智能仪表设备等构建控制系统,通过易控软件作为人机交互平台将各要素进行整合。该系统实现了工业化循环水养殖系统的养殖过程智能控制、养殖水质精准调控和养殖控制物联网化,具备自动化程度高、运行稳定、扩展性强的优点。该系统易于推广,并为将来的福利养殖系统提供了理论依据和基础数据。 相似文献
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海水工厂化养殖水处理系统的装备技术研究 总被引:21,自引:1,他引:21
工厂化养鱼(尤其是全封闭高密度养殖方式)是依靠工艺和设施装备技术的支撑,运用生态学原理及环境条件控制手段进行科学养殖。本文围绕海水工厂化养殖系统主要工艺环节(去除固体废弃物和水溶性有害物质、消毒、增氧、调温、水质测控)中涉及的装备技术和应用进行讨论。 相似文献
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Regardless of the degree of closure of a recirculation system, effluents are produced and replacement water is needed, which limits the possibility of locating a seawater production system away from the shoreline. At the Palavas Ifremer station, in the south of France, a High Rate Algal Pond (HRAP) was operated during several years to treat the effluent from a recirculating aquaculture system before reusing it. The effect of the HRAP-treated water on the recirculation system and on the fish was investigated and the optimal algae growing conditions were defined. The experiments were carried out in three rearing systems: one flow through, one recirculating and one recirculating with a HRAP. The water flow rate, temperature, pH and salinity conditions were similar in all systems.The effect of reusing the HRAP-treated water is very limited (1) on the functioning of the recirculation system and (2) on fish performance, but it allows a significant reduction of the dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus concentration in the rearing water. HRAP treatment reduced metal accumulation in muscle and liver of RAS fish, except for chromium and arsenic. All biomarkers presented no significant difference between systems, except for Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and EROD, which showed a higher concentration in RAS and in both recirculating system respectively. 相似文献
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Performance of a closed recirculating system with foam separation, nitrification and denitrification units for intensive culture of eel: towards zero emission 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Yoshihiro Suzuki Toshiroh Maruyama Hiroyuki Numata Hajime Sato Makio Asakawa 《Aquacultural Engineering》2003,29(3-4):165-182
The development of a closed recirculating aquaculture system that does not discharge effluents would reduce a large amount of pollutant load on aquatic bodies. In this study, eel were reared in a closed recirculating system, which consisted of a rearing tank, a foam separation unit, a nitrification unit and a denitrification unit. The foam separation unit has an inhalation-type aerator and supplies air bubbles to the rearing water. The growth of eel, which were fed a commercial diet, was satisfactory, with gross weight increases of up three times in 3 months. The survival rate under the congested experimental conditions was 91%. The foam separation unit maintained oxygen saturation in the rearing water at about 80%. Furthermore, fine colloidal substances were absorbed on the stable foam formed from eel mucus and were removed from the rearing water by foam separation. Ammonia oxidation and the removal of suspended solids were accomplished rapidly and simultaneously in the nitrification unit. The ammonia concentration and turbidity were kept at less than 1.2 mg of N per litre and 2.5 units, respectively. When the denitrification process was operated, nitrate that accumulated in the rearing water (151 mg of N per litre) was reduced to 40 mg of N per litre. The sludge was easily recovered from the nitrification and denitrification tanks, and the components were found suitable as compost. Based on these results, the intensive aquaculture of freshwater fish such as eel can be achieved using a closed recirculating system without emission. 相似文献