丁酸梭菌对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道结构和免疫功能的影响北大核心CSCD

本试验旨在研究饲粮添加丁酸梭菌对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道结构和免疫功能的影响。选取(25±1)日龄、体重(6.24±0.32)kg的健康"杜×长×大"杂交仔猪360头,随机分为5个组,每组4个重复,每个重复18头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加250、500、1 000和2 000 mg/kg丁酸梭菌的试验饲粮。试验期30 d。结果表明:1)250和1 000 mg/kg丁酸梭菌添加组断奶仔猪的平均日采食量(ADFI)显著低于对照组(P<0.05);250和500 mg/kg丁酸梭菌添加组的腹泻率较对照组分别显著降低了40.99%和44.32%(P<0.05)。2)丁酸梭菌添加组断奶仔猪的空肠绒毛高度较对照组分别显著提高了32.23%、35.71%、33.59%和47.36%(P<0.05),空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度较对照组分别显著或极显著提高了47.24%(P<0.01)、48.03%(P<0.01)、19.69%(P<0.05)和22.83%(P<0.05)。3)饲粮添加丁酸梭菌显著提高断奶仔猪的血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)和免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量(P<0.05),各组的血清免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、补体3(C3)和补体4(C4)含量则无显著差异(P>0.05)。结果提示,25~55日龄断奶仔猪饲粮添加250~500 mg/kg丁酸梭菌可改善断奶仔猪肠道结构,增强机体免疫功能。     

酪酸梭菌对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道组织形态及肠道通透性的影响

本试验旨在研究酪酸梭菌对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道组织形态及肠道通透性的影响。试验选用21日龄断奶、体重(5.35±1.33)kg的"杜×长×大"三元杂交仔猪18头,随机分为3组,分别饲喂基础饲粮(对照组)、基础饲粮+500 mg/kg酪酸梭菌(酪酸梭菌组)、基础饲粮+3 000 mg/kg氧化锌(氧化锌组),每组6个重复,每个重复1头猪,试验期14 d。结果表明:1)各组断奶仔猪平均日增重与料重比无显著差异(P0.05);酪酸梭菌组和氧化锌组仔猪腹泻率与对照组相比显著降低(P0.05)。2)与对照组相比,酪酸梭菌组和氧化锌组断奶仔猪回肠隐窝深度显著降低(P0.05),绒腺比极显著升高(P0.01)。3)酪酸梭菌组和氧化锌组断奶仔猪第14天血清内毒素与D-乳酸浓度均显著低于对照组(P0.05),酪酸梭菌组与氧化锌组之间无显著差异(P0.05)。4)与对照组相比,酪酸梭菌组和氧化锌组断奶仔猪回肠和结肠咬合蛋白(Occludin)mRNA表达量显著升高(P0.05);与氧化锌组相比,酪酸梭菌组断奶仔猪回肠和结肠闭合小环蛋白-1(ZO-1)、Occludin mRNA表达量无显著差异(P0.05)。综合以上结果,断奶仔猪饲粮中添加酪酸梭菌可以显著降低断奶仔猪腹泻率,改善肠黏膜形态,降低肠黏膜通透性,上调紧密连接蛋白的表达量,可达到与添加氧化锌相同的效果。     

纳米氧化锌对断奶仔猪生长性能和肠黏膜屏障的影响

本文旨在研究纳米氧化锌对断奶仔猪生长性能和肠黏膜屏障的影响及其机理。选用96头平均体重为(5.7±0.2)kg的21日龄"杜×长×大"断奶仔猪,随机分成3组:1)对照组,饲喂基础饲粮;2)氧化锌组,饲喂在基础饲粮中添加3 000 mg/kg锌(氧化锌)的试验饲粮;3)纳米氧化锌组,饲喂在基础饲粮中添加300 mg/kg锌(纳米氧化锌)的试验饲粮。每组4个重复,每个重复8头仔猪,试验期14 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,纳米氧化锌组断奶仔猪平均日增重提高了7.26%(P<0.05),腹泻率降低了70.82%(P<0.05),但与氧化锌组差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,纳米氧化锌组仔猪28和35日龄绒毛高度分别提高了12.64%和10.80%(P<0.05);28日龄隐窝深度降低了15.42%(P<0.05);28和35日龄绒毛高度/隐窝深度分别提高了33.61%和17.11%(P<0.05);28和35日龄血浆D-乳酸含量分别降低了28.97%和20.23%(P<0.05),二胺氧化酶活性分别降低了28.61%和24.92%(P<0.05)。氧化锌组和纳米氧化锌组之间各指标差异不显著(P>0.05)。结果提示,断奶仔猪饲粮中添加300 mg/kg锌(纳米氧化锌)可提高平均日增重,降低腹泻率,改善肠黏膜形态,降低肠黏膜通透性,其效果与添加3 000 mg/kg锌(氧化锌)相当。     

壳聚糖锌对断奶仔猪小肠组织学形态与功能的影响

通过对血浆D-乳酸、内毒素、二胺氧化酶和肠道菌群及肠道黏膜形态等指标的测定,探讨壳聚糖锌(CS-Zn)对断奶仔猪小肠组织学形态和功能的影响。选择体重7.25 kg左右的"杜长大"三元杂交断奶仔猪120头随机分为5组,分别饲喂5种日粮,基础日粮不添加外源锌(对照组),试验组在基础日粮基础上分别添加501、00mg/kgCS-Zn、100 mg/kg硫酸锌和3 000 mg/kg氧化锌(均以锌计),试验期28 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,CS-Zn-100组血浆D-乳酸水平,DAO活性和内毒素含量显著降低(P<0.05),盲肠和结肠内容物中大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌数量显著降低(P<0.05),乳酸杆菌数量显著提高(P<0.05),十二指肠、空肠绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著提高(P<0.05),隐窝深度显著降低(P<0.05)。结果提示,壳聚糖锌具有调节断奶仔猪肠道菌群平衡、改善肠黏膜形态的作用。     

饲粮中添加乳铁蛋白对早期断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道菌群及肠黏膜形态的影响

本试验旨在研究在饲粮中添加乳铁蛋白(lactoferrin,LF)对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道菌群及肠黏膜形态的影响。试验选用96头体重相近的21日龄"杜×长×大"三元杂交断奶仔猪,随机分为4组,分别饲喂基础饲粮(对照组)、基础饲粮+250 mg/kg乳铁蛋白、基础饲粮+500 mg/kg乳铁蛋白和基础饲粮+750 mg/kg乳铁蛋白,每组4个重复,每个重复6头仔猪。正试期21 d。结果表明,与对照组和750 mg/kg乳铁蛋白组相比,饲粮中添加250和500 mg/kg乳铁蛋白可显著提高仔猪平均日增重(P<0.05);与对照组相比,不同水平乳铁蛋白可显著降低盲肠中大肠杆菌数量(P<0.05),其中添加500 mg/kg乳铁蛋白显著提高了盲肠、结肠中乳酸杆菌的数量(P<0.05),显著降低了结肠中大肠杆菌数量(P<0.05);添加250和500 mg/kg乳铁蛋白极显著提高了十二指肠、空肠、回肠的绒毛高度/隐窝深度比值(P<0.01)。结果提示,饲粮中添加乳铁蛋白可刺激肠道有益菌生长、降低有害菌增殖,从而改善肠道功能,具有提高仔猪生长性能的作用,本试验条件下乳铁蛋白的适宜添加量为250 mg/kg。     

凹土纳米氧化锌对断奶仔猪血清、肝脏和肠道黏膜抗氧化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究凹土纳米氧化锌对断奶仔猪血清、肝脏和肠道黏膜抗氧化指标的影响。选取210头21日龄体重(6.30±0.51) kg的健康杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分为7个组,每组6个重复,每个重复5头猪。各组分别为对照组(CON组,基础饲粮)、抗生素组(ANT组,基础饲粮+抗生素)、氧化锌组(ZO组,基础饲粮+3 000 mg/kg氧化锌)、纳米氧化锌组(NZO组,基础饲粮+800 mg/kg纳米氧化锌)、低剂量凹土纳米氧化锌组(LANZ组,基础饲粮+700 mg/kg凹土纳米氧化锌)、中剂量凹土纳米氧化锌组(MANZ组,基础饲粮+1 000 mg/kg凹土纳米氧化锌)和高剂量凹土纳米氧化锌组(HANZ组,基础饲粮+1 300 mg/kg凹土纳米氧化锌)。预试期3 d,正试期9 d。结果表明:1) ZO和LANZ组的血清过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著高于CON组(P<0.05);ANT、ZO、LANZ、MANZ和HANZ组的血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著高于CON组(P <0. 05),且ANT组的血清T-AOC显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。2) LANZ组的肝脏CAT活性显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。3) ZO、NZO、LANZ、MANZ和HANZ组的空肠黏膜超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著高于ANT组(P<0.05)。ZO、LANZ组的空肠黏膜CAT活性显著高于CON和ANT组(P<0.05)。ANT、ZO、NZO、LANZ和HANZ组的空肠黏膜T-AOC显著高于CON和MANZ组(P <0.05)。4) HANZ组的回肠黏膜CAT活性显著低于CON组(P<0.05),ZO、NZO组的回肠黏膜谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著低于CON、ANT和LANZ组(P<0.05)。由此可见,断奶仔猪饲粮中添加适量凹土纳米氧化锌能够提高血清、肝脏和肠道中抗氧化酶的活性,增强仔猪的抗氧化性能。本试验中,饲粮中凹土纳米氧化锌适宜添加量为700 mg/kg。     

饲粮中添加屎肠球菌对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道菌群和免疫功能的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加屎肠球菌对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道菌群和免疫功能的影响。选用255头(35±1)日龄断奶的"杜×长×大"三元杂交仔猪,随机分为5个组,每个组3个重复,每个重复17头仔猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(不添加抗生素和屎肠球菌);抗生素组在基础饲粮中添加8 mg/kg黄霉素和90 mg/kg阿散酸;屎肠球菌3个试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加100、300、500 mg/kg屎肠球菌。试验期为35 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加屎肠球菌对仔猪平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)、料重比(F/G)没有显著影响(P>0.05),但添加100、300 mg/kg的屎肠球菌有提高仔猪ADFI的趋势(P>0.05),添加500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌有降低仔猪F/G的趋势(P>0.05)。与抗生素组相比,饲粮中添加屎肠球菌对仔猪ADG、ADFI、F/G均无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著增加仔猪盲肠中乳酸杆菌的数量(P<0.05);与抗生素组相比,饲粮中添加100、300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌对其数量没有显著影响(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,饲粮中添加500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著降低仔猪结肠中大肠杆菌的数量(P<0.05),添加300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著增加仔猪结肠中乳酸杆菌数量(P<0.05);与抗生素组相比,饲粮中添加300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著增加仔猪结肠中乳酸杆菌数量(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加300 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著提高仔猪脾脏重量和脾脏指数(P<0.05)。与抗生素组相比,饲粮中添加300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌可显著提高仔猪脾脏重量(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著提高仔猪血液中淋巴细胞数量及淋巴细胞比率(P<0.05),添加100、300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著提高血清中免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量(P<0.05),添加300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著提高血清中免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量(P<0.05)。与抗生素组相比,饲粮中添加300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著提高仔猪血液中淋巴细胞比率及血清中IgM含量(P<0.05),添加100、300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著提高血清中IgG含量(P<0.05)。综上所述,仔猪饲粮中添加屎肠球菌可以改善仔猪生长性能,维持仔猪肠道菌群平衡,有效增强仔猪免疫力,其中以添加500 mg/kg效果最好。     

包被纳米氧化锌对断奶仔猪生长性能、抗氧化酶活性及血清生化和免疫指标的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平的包被纳米氧化锌对断奶仔猪生长性能、抗氧化酶活性及血清生化和免疫指标的影响。试验选取21日龄平均体重为(5.29±0.02)kg的长×大二元杂交断奶仔猪180头,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复6头仔猪。对照组饲喂基础日粮,普通氧化锌组饲喂基础日粮+2 500 mg/kg普通氧化锌,包被纳米氧化锌组分别在基础日粮中添加250、500、750 mg/kg包被纳米氧化锌,正试期14 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,日粮中添加500 mg/kg包被纳米氧化锌能提高断奶仔猪的平均日增重和日采食量(P<0.05),降低耗料增重比(P<0.05),且与普通氧化锌效果相当;与对照组相比,500 mg/kg包被纳米氧化锌组血清锌水平、铜锌超氧化物歧化酶活性和免疫球蛋白G含量升高(P<0.05),尿素氮和丙二醛含量降低(P<0.05),且均与普通氧化锌组差异不显著。结果表示,日粮中添加包被纳米氧化锌可显著促进仔猪生长,提高饲粮中蛋白质和锌的利用率,并能有效改善血清抗氧化酶活性,提高仔猪免疫力,且以日粮中添加500 mg/kg包被纳米氧化锌效果最佳,具有替代高剂量普通氧化锌的潜力。     

丁酸梭菌对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道结构和免疫功能的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮添加丁酸梭菌对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道结构和免疫功能的影响。选取(25±1)日龄、体重(6.24±0.32)kg的健康"杜×长×大"杂交仔猪360头,随机分为5个组,每组4个重复,每个重复18头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加250、500、1 000和2 000 mg/kg丁酸梭菌的试验饲粮。试验期30 d。结果表明:1)250和1 000 mg/kg丁酸梭菌添加组断奶仔猪的平均日采食量(ADFI)显著低于对照组(P0.05);250和500 mg/kg丁酸梭菌添加组的腹泻率较对照组分别显著降低了40.99%和44.32%(P0.05)。2)丁酸梭菌添加组断奶仔猪的空肠绒毛高度较对照组分别显著提高了32.23%、35.71%、33.59%和47.36%(P0.05),空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度较对照组分别显著或极显著提高了47.24%(P0.01)、48.03%(P0.01)、19.69%(P0.05)和22.83%(P0.05)。3)饲粮添加丁酸梭菌显著提高断奶仔猪的血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)和免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量(P0.05),各组的血清免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、补体3(C3)和补体4(C4)含量则无显著差异(P0.05)。结果提示,25~55日龄断奶仔猪饲粮添加250~500 mg/kg丁酸梭菌可改善断奶仔猪肠道结构,增强机体免疫功能。     

纳米氧化锌对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清免疫和生化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮添加不同剂量的纳米氧化锌对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清免疫和生化指标的影响。试验选用28日龄体重(9.37±0.48)kg"杜×长×大"三元杂交断奶仔猪150头,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮;试验1、2、3组在基础饲粮中分别添加150、300和450 mg/kg的纳米氧化锌;高锌组在基础饲粮中添加3 000 mg/kg的普通氧化锌。试验期为21 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮添加纳米氧化锌显著提高了仔猪的平均日采食量和平均日增重(P0.05),显著降低了料重比和腹泻率(P0.05),其中以300和450 mg/kg剂量组的作用效果较佳,且与普通氧化锌效果相当;2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加纳米氧化锌和普通氧化锌能显著提高血清中免疫球蛋白A、白细胞介素-6和肿瘤坏死因子α含量(P0.05),显著降低血清尿素氮含量(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加300或450mg/kg的纳米氧化锌能提高断奶仔猪的免疫机能,改善生长性能,降低腹泻率,具有替代普通氧化锌的潜在应用价值。     

纳米载铜蒙脱石对断奶仔猪生长、肠道菌群及其肠黏膜形态的影响

选用128头健康“杜长大”三元杂交断奶仔猪,随机分为对照组、CuSO4组、纳米蒙脱石(MMT)组和MMT-Cu组,分别饲喂基础日粮(对照组)、基础日粮+78 mg/kg Cu2+(CuSO4.5H2O,相当于MMT-Cu中Cu2+的量)、基础日粮+2.0 g/kgMMT、基础日粮+2.0 g/kgMMT-Cu。结果表明,与对照组相比,MMT-Cu组能显著提高(P<0.05)断奶仔猪的平均日增重、饲料转化效率及小肠绒毛高度、绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值,显著降低(P<0.05)腹泻率及小肠、结肠内容物中大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的数量;而MMT组也显著降低(P<0.05)仔猪腹泻率,提高(P<0.05)小肠绒毛高度和绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值。与MMT组或CuSO4组相比,MMT-Cu组能显著(P<0.05)提高断奶仔猪的平均日增重和饲料转化效率(P<0.05),显著降低了(P<0.05)小肠和结肠内容物中大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的数量。     

The Effect of Dietary Sulphate Copper Supplementation on Growth Performance, Intestinal Digestive Enzymes and Absorptive Transporters in Weanling Pigs

The experiment was conducted to assess the effects of dietary supplementation of Cu on the growth performance,digestive enzymes,tissue minerals and absorptive transporters in small intestinal mucosa of weanling pigs.One hundred crossbred pigs weaned at 28±2 d of age were assigned randomly to one of the following diets with 5 replicates:corn-soybean basal diet with 10,100,175,250 mg/kg of Cu as CuSO4·5H2O.The results showed that 250 mg/kg Cu had a positive effect (P0.05) on average daily gain,daily feed intake and ratio of gain/feed.Compared to 10 mg/kg Cu,higher Cu had significant effect on the apparent digestibility of protein and fat (P0.05).The supplementing of Cu improved amylase and lipase activity in jejunum content and lipase in pancreas (P0.05) and had no effect on intestinal morphology.The liver Cu elevated approximately 4-fold in pigs fed diet with 250 mg/kg Cu compared with pigs fed diet with 10 mg/kg Cu,no increases were observed in pigs receiving the lower level of Cu (100 and 175 mg/kg).Both Fe and Zn contents in kidney and liver were not affected by Cu supplementation.There was no positive effect (P0.05) of Cu supplementation on PepT1 (peptide transporter 1) and SGLT1 (sodium/glucose cotransporter) mRNA abundance in intestinal mucosa.However,higher supplementing level (250 mg/kg) significantly elevated the DMT1 (divalent metal transporter) mRNA abundance in duodenum mucosa.These results suggested that dietary supplementation with 250 mg/kg Cu could improve growth performance,nutrient digestibility and intestinal enzyme activities of weanling pigs.     

谷氨酰胺与3-酸梭菌对断奶仔猪生长性能、免疫功能、小肠形态和肠道菌群的影响

本试验旨在研究谷氨酰胺、丁酸梭菌及其二者复合添加对断奶仔猪生长性能、免疫功能、小肠形态结构和盲肠菌群的影响.试验选用288头21日龄断奶的杜×大×长三元杂交仔猪,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复24头猪.分别饲喂基础饲粮(对照组)、基础饲粮+1%谷氨酰胺(谷氨酰胺组)、基础饲粮+500 mg/kg丁酸梭菌(丁酸梭菌...     

Effect of chito-oligosaccharide on growth performance, intestinal barrier function, intestinal morphology and cecal microflora in weaned pigs

A total of 180 weanling pigs (21 ± 3 d of age; 5.98 ± 0.04 kg) were used to investigate the effect of chito-oligosaccharide (COS) on growth performance, intestinal barrier function, intestinal morphology, and cecal microflora. Based on initial BW, gender and litter, the pigs were given 5 treatments during a 14-d feeding experiment, including a basal diet (control), 3 diets with COS supplementation (200, 400, or 600 mg/kg), and a diet with colistin sulfate (CSE) supplementation (20 mg/kg). Six randomly selected pigs from each treatment were used to collect serum, duodenal, jejunal, ileal, and cecal samples on d 7 and 14 postweaning. From d 1 to 7 postweaning, pigs fed COS or CSE had greater ADG and ADFI compared with the control pigs. From d 1 to 14, diets with either 400 or 600 mg/kg COS, or 20 mg/kg CSE increased (P < 0.05) ADG and G:F compared with the control diet. No significant differences were observed in ADG, ADFI, and G:F between the pigs fed COS and CSE. Pigs fed either 400 or 600 mg/kg COS, or 20 mg/kg CSE had less (P < 0.05) diamine oxidase (DAO) in the serum, but greater concentration of (P < 0.05) DAO in jejunal mucosa, than the control pigs on d 7 postweaning. Treatments did not affect villous height and crypt depth of the duodenum, jejunum, or ileum. Pigs fed COS at 400 mg/kg had greater (P < 0.05) concentration of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli in the cecum than pigs fed the control diet and CSE diet on d 7 postweaning. Supplementation of COS or CSE decreased (P < 0.05) the population of cecal Staphylococcus aureus compared with the control diet on d 7 postweaning. The number of cecal Bifidobacteria in pigs fed 600 mg/kg COS was greater (P < 0.05) than that of pigs fed the control diet or CSE diet on d 14 postweaning. No significant differences were observed in Escherichia coli counts in the cecum among treatments. The present results indicate that dietary supplementation of COS at 400 or 600 mg/kg promotes growth performance and improves gut barrier function, increases the population of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli, and decreases S. aureus in the cecum of weanling pigs.     

The Effect of Dietary Sulphate Copper Supplementation on Growth Performance, Intestinal Digestive Enzymes and Absorptive Transporters in Weanling Pigs

The experiment was conducted to assess the effects of dietary supplementation of Cu on the growth performance, digestive enzymes, tissue minerals and absorptive transporters in small intestinal mucosa of weanling pigs. One hundred crossbred pigs weaned at 28 ± 2 d of age were assigned randomly to one of the following diets with 5 replicates: corn-soybean basal diet with 10, 100, 175, 250 mg/kg of Cu as CuSO₄•5H₂O. The results showed that 250 mg/kg Cu had a positive effect (P < 0.05) on average daily gain, daily feed intake and ratio of gain/feed. Compared to 10 mg/kg Cu, higher Cu had significant effect on the apparent digestibility of protein and fat (P < 0.05). The supplementing of Cu improved amylase and lipase activity in jejunum content and lipase in pancreas (P < 0.05) and had no effect on intestinal morphology. The liver Cu elevated approximately 4-fold in pigs fed diet with 250 mg/kg Cu compared with pigs fed diet with 10 mg/kg Cu, no increases were observed in pigs receiving the lower level of Cu (100 and 175 mg/kg). Both Fe and Zn contents in kidney and liver were not affected by Cu supplementation. There was no positive effect (P > 0.05) of Cu supplementation on PepT1 (peptide transporter 1) and SGLT1 (sodium/glucose cotransporter) mRNA abundance in intestinal mucosa. However, higher supplementing level (250 mg/kg) significantly elevated the DMT1 (divalent metal transporter) mRNA abundance in duodenum mucosa. These results suggested that dietary supplementation with 250 mg/kg Cu could improve growth performance, nutrient digestibility and intestinal enzyme activities of weanling pigs.     

乳酸片球菌对肥育猪生长性能及肠道抗氧化能力、形态结构和菌群的影响

本试验旨在研究乳酸片球菌对肥育猪生长性能及肠道抗氧化能力、形态结构和菌群的影响。选取48头体重为(62.46±1.20)kg的"杜×长×大"肥育猪,将其随机分为2组,每组4个重复,每个重复6头猪(公母各占1/2)。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂基础饲粮中添加0.1 g/kg乳酸片球菌制剂(1.0×10~(10)CFU/g)的试验饲粮。试验期56 d。结果表明,与对照组相比:1)饲粮添加乳酸片球菌对肥育猪平均日采食量、平均日增重、料重比无显著影响(P0.05)。2)饲粮添加乳酸片球菌显著提高了肥育猪十二指肠谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性、空肠总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性以及回肠过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性(P0.05)。3)饲粮添加乳酸片球菌显著降低了肥育猪十二指肠隐窝深度(P0.05),显著提高了黏膜厚度(P0.05)、肠壁厚度(P0.05)以及绒毛高度/隐窝深度(P0.05);显著降低了空肠隐窝深度(P0.05),显著增加了绒毛高度/隐窝深度(P0.05);显著增加了回肠绒毛高度(P0.05)。4)饲粮添加乳酸片球菌显著增加了肥育猪空肠乳酸菌数量、定植抗力(P0.05),显著降低了大肠杆菌数量(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮添加0.1 g/kg乳酸片球菌(1.0×10~(10)CFU/g)能改善肥育猪肠道菌群和肠道形态结构,增强肠道抗氧化能力,进而促进肥育猪的肠道健康。     

The effects of dietary supplementation with porous zinc oxide on growth performance,intestinal microbiota,morphology, and permeability in weaned piglets

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with porous zinc oxide (HiZox) on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, morphology, and permeability in weaned piglets. A total of 128 weaned piglets [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] with an average body weight (BW) of (6.55 ± 0.25 kg; 21 d of age) were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments: (1) a corn‐soybean basal diet; (2) basal diet + 3,000 mg/kg conventional ZnO; (3) basal diet + 200 mg/kg HiZox; (4) basal diet + 500 mg/kg HiZox. The experiments lasted for 28 days. Incremental HiZox in the diet increased ADG (linear p = 0.015; quadratic p = 0.043) and ADFI (linear p = 0.027; quadratic p = 0.038), and the diarrhea index decreased linearly and quadratically (p < 0.01) as HiZox supplemented increased. Furthermore, supplementation with HiZox increased the amounts of Lactobacillus spp. (p < 0.05) in the ileum and cecum in comparison with that of control treatment or 3,000 mg/kg ZnO treatment, while decreased the populations of Escherichia coli, Clostridium coccoides, and Clostridium. leptum subgroup (p < 0.05) in the ileum and cecum relative to those in control treatment. The addition of HiZox increased the villus height and villus‐to‐crypt ratio (VC) of duodenum, jejunum, and ileum (p < 0.05), while decreased the crypt depth of jejunum (p < 0.05) and tended to reduce the crypt depth of duodenum (p < 0.10) compared with the control treatment. Piglets fed with 500 mg/kg HiZox had lower serum D‐lactate and diamine oxidase (DAO) than those fed with basal control diet or 3,000 mg/kg ZnO diet (p < 0.01). The results suggested that supplementation with HiZox modulated intestinal microbial composition and improved intestinal morphology, which may exert protective effects on the integrity of the mucosal barrier function of weaned piglets, was as efficacious as pharmaceutical doses of ZnO in enhancing growth performance, indicating that the HiZox may be a promising alternative to pharmaceutical doses of ZnO.