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寒地水稻种植通常采用旱育秧模式。对水稻旱育秧苗期可能发生的白苗、药害、立枯病、青枯病、生理性失水、盐害、细菌性褐斑病等危害作以介绍,分析了这些危害发生的人为或非人为原因,总结了危害发生的特点,提出正确的诊断及处理方法,以便危害发生时能得到及时补救,减少生产损失。 相似文献
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1998~1999年进行了千金防除水稻旱育秧田、水稻移栽田杂草试验研究,结果表明,10%千金乳油,旱育秧床茎叶处理每公顷300~600ml能有效地防治禾本科杂草,对水稻秧苗安全。水稻移栽田茎叶处理每公顷600~900ml能有效防治大龄禾本科杂草,对水稻安全无害。 相似文献
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水稻强化栽培体系(System of RiceIntensification,简称SRI)是一种新的高产栽培方法。关键技术有:采用小苗、本田单本稀植,施有机肥,中耕除草,节水灌溉,间歇性地晒田、露田。寒地水稻单本植栽培法是黑龙江省农科院绥化农科所主持的适合当地生产的研究课题,关键技术有:选用适宜品种,使用“最少基本苗”形成的水稻多蘖苗,本田单本稀植,肥水管理以促为主。通过对SRI及寒地水稻单本植栽培法的比较分析,探讨了水稻高产栽培的新途径,为进一步提高寒地水稻单位产量提供科学的栽培方法。 相似文献
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水稻优质米生产技术总结 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了发展质量效益型农业 ,水稻生产必须以优质米生产为前提。现就水稻优质米生产技术的几个方面进行总结。1 选择优质米品种品种选择要根据我场寒地稻作“三低”的气候特点 ,及以井灌为主的实际出发 ,严格优质米品种和熟期选择标准。 10~ 11叶品种占 80 % ,12叶品种占 2 0 %。 10叶品种有垦 94 - 2 2 7等 ,11叶品种有合江 19、空育 131、龙粳 8号、垦 94 - 2 0 2、绥粳 3号 ,12叶品种有垦稻八号等。2 旱育壮苗技术旱育秧田规范化 适当相对集中固定秧田地是旱育壮苗的基础 ,高台是旱育的基本保证。做好“两秋、三常年”工作。发展大中棚… 相似文献
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针对常规寒地水稻移栽田前期除稗剂多采用一次性施药,药效和安全性差的问题,通过对寒地水稻移栽田稗草的防治采取插前5~7 d、插后15~20 d分期施药试验研究,结果表明:分期施药对稗草防治效果好,提高了对水稻的安全性。 相似文献
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杂交水稻制种系列机械化技术研究总结 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过1990~1992年3年对杂交水稻制种系列机械化配套制种技术研究,结果表明,由于工效提高,保证了大面积适时栽植,花期相遇良好,异交结实率提高,同时可减少收获损失,种子产量增加19.8%,为我国实现规模经营制种机械化提供了经验. 相似文献
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我国爆裂玉米科研和产业现状与发展战略 总被引:12,自引:8,他引:12
本文简要介绍了我国爆裂玉米科研与产业发展的历程和现状,并根据作者在爆裂玉米研究与产业开发方面的多年经验,面对加入WTO的挑战,对我国爆裂玉米科研和产业发展战略提出了见解。 相似文献
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Strategies and engineering adaptions to disseminate SRI methods in large-scale irrigation systems in Eastern Indonesia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The system of rice intensification (SRI) developed in Madagascar has been controversial in part because there have been no
large-scale, long-term evaluations of the impact of its alternative methods. This paper summarizes experience with the dissemination
of SRI practices across eight provinces in Eastern Indonesia over nine seasons from 2002 to 2006 under a major irrigation
project. The Decentralized Irrigation System Improvement Project (DISIMP) was financed by the Japanese Government with project
management by a Nippon Koei consultant team. SRI has been introduced in Indonesia via several organizations and in different
parts of the country starting in 2000. The evaluation reported here, made by the DISIMP technical assistance team, is based
on data from 12,133 on-farm comparison trials that covered a total area of 9,429 ha. Under SRI management, average paddy yield
increase was 3.3 t/ha (78%). This was achieved with about 40% reduction in water use, 50% reduction in chemical fertilizer
applications, and 20% lower costs of production. The farmers whom DISIMP was assisting to take up SRI were usually cultivating
their paddy fields individually within irrigation systems where it was difficult to reduce water applications as recommended
for SRI. Accordingly, innovations had to be made in soil and water management to create relatively aerobic soil conditions
so that farmers could get the more productive rice phenotypes expected from SRI practice. This article describes the modifications
made to adapt SRI concepts, pointing to the value of introducing in-field ditches, which was confirmed through paddy tract
surveys. This experience and analysis showed how SRI methods could be utilized within irrigation systems where water management
was not (yet) tailored to SRI production practices. Subsequently, modifications in irrigation system management are being
made to be more supportive of SRI cultivation. 相似文献
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阿根廷大豆生产和科研概况 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了阿根廷大豆生产发展的历史、产区分布、品种类型、育种方法、品种试验程序、栽培技术、病虫草害防治、推广体系等情况,分析了过去10年阿根廷大豆生产迅速发展的原因.作者认为,中国应借鉴阿根廷大豆产业发展的经验,大力推进轮作、免耕、深松、秸秆还田、根瘤菌肥等先进、实用技术,并加快转基因大豆的研究和推广. 相似文献
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