淫羊藿－蜂胶合剂对鸡红细胞CR_1增强作用的实验研究

用不同浓度的淫羊藿－蜂胶合剂与鸡红细胞在体外进行孵育，然后测其红细胞补体Ｉ型受体（ＣＲ１）的活性，以判定淫羊霍－蜂胶合剂对红细胞免疫功能的增强作用。结果显示：经２０％、１０％和５％的淫羊藿－蜂胶合剂处理后的鸡红细胞ＣＲ１花环率（ＣＲ１－Ｒ）分别为：３８．９％、２２．０％和９．０％，面对照组鸡红细胞ＣＲ１－Ｒ是９．３％。此结果表明：淫羊藿－蜂胶合剂具有明显的增高红细胞ＣＲ１活性作用，并与剂量有关。     

淫羊藿－蜂胶合剂对鸡马立克氏病抵抗力的影响及红细胞CR_1的变化

将２００只雏鸡根据不同的处理分成四组：对照组、淫羊藿－蜂胶合剂组，ＭＤ疫苗组和疫苗－合剂组，并在１１日龄时全部用ＭＤ强毒攻击。于４、１１，２６、４１和５６Ｈ龄时采血样，测定各自的ＲＢＣ－ＣＲ，花环率和ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ花环率，同时统计各组的ＭＤ发病率。结果：ＭＤ发病率，对照组＞合剂组＞疫苗组＞疫苗－合剂组，分别为：７６％、６０％、５４％和３４％。疫苗－合剂组ＭＤ发病率极显著地低于其他组（Ｐ＜０．００５）；ＲＢＣ－ＣＲ＿１花环率，接种ＭＤＶ后，疫苗－合剂组迅速增加，并一直维持在较高水平（８．０％左右），其他组均是下降以后再缓慢回升，与ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ花环率呈反向变化关系。结果表明：淫羊藿－蜂胶合剂有明显增强感染ＭＤＶ后鸡ＲＢＣ－ＣＲ＿１活性和降低ＭＤ发病率的作用。     

淫羊藿—蜂胶合剂对鸡马立克氏病抵抗力的影响及红细胞CR1的变化

将２００只雏鸡根据不同的处理分成四组：对照组、淫羊藿－蜂胶合剂组、ＭＤ疫苗组和疫苗－合剂组，并在１１日龄时全部用ＭＤ强毒攻击。于４、１１、２６、４１和５６日龄时采血样，测定各自的ＲＢＣ－ＣＲ１花环率和ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ花环率，同时统计各组的ＭＤ发病率。结果：ＭＤ发病率，对照组〉合剂组〉疫苗组〉疫苗－合剂组，分别为：７６％、６０％、５４％和３４％。疫苗－合剂组ＭＤ发病率极显著地低于其他组（Ｐ〈０．００５）     

淫羊藿—蜂胶佐剂对雏鸡和小白鼠腹腔巨噬细胞活性的影响

用淫羊藿－蜂胶佐剂０．２ｍＬ和０．４ｍＬ分别对３日龄雏鸡皮下注射,并于２４日龄时以相同剂量重复注射１次,以注射后不同时间检测鸡空巨噬细胞的吞噬活性。对２８日龄小白鼠隔日皮下注重注射淫羊藿－蜂胶佐剂０．２ｍＬ,并以环磷酰胺为对照。试验结果表明,淫羊藿佐剂捅显著提高雏鸡腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬活性,其中０．４ｍＬ剂量组明显优地０．２ｍＬ剂量组;对小白鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的细胞毒效应能明显增强,并能拮抗环磷酰胺的免     

淫羊藿——蜂胶佐剂对小白鼠NK细胞活性的影响

应用ＬＤＨ（乳酸脱氢酶）释放法检测了淫羊藿－蜂胶佐剂（以下简称Ｙ－Ｆ佐剂）对小白鼠ＮＫ细胞活性的影响。结果Ｙ－Ｆ佐剂组小鼠ＮＫ细胞活性极显著地高于阴性对照组（Ｙ组）和环磷酰胺组（ＣＹ组）（Ｐ＜０．０１）；Ｙ－Ｆ佐剂／环磷酰胺组极显著高于ＣＹ组（Ｐ＜０．０１），但与Ｙ组差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结果表明：Ｙ－Ｆ佐剂不仅能极显著提高小鼠ＮＫ细胞杀伤活性，而且能抗ＣＹ的免疫抑制作用，使ＣＹ抑制小鼠ＮＫ细胞活性恢复到正常水平。     

淫羊藿-蜂胶佐剂对雏鸡腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响

淫羊藿－蜂胶（ＥＰ）佐剂是一种纯中药免疫调节剂，临床应用可提高鸡的特异性体液免疫反应。实验证明，该佐剂可增强雏鸡Ｔ淋巴细胞转化率及ＮＫ细胞活性［１］，提高鸡红细胞免疫功能，降低马立克氏病的发病率［２］。本试验以免疫功能尚未发育完善的雏鸡的腹腔巨噬细胞...     

蛋用小公鸡快速育肥添加剂对增重影响的初步试验

用淫羊藿、红花和淫羊藿、红花、黄芪作为快速育肥添加剂，用雌激素为作为增重剂饲喂６到１０周龄蛋用小公鸡，观察对试验鸡增重和部分器官重的影响。结果表明：淫羊藿、红花组试验鸡平均增重明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），增重剂组试验鸡末重明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），其增重比对照组高５％。各组肝、肌胃平均重量无明显差异，淫羊藿、红花组睾丸重高于对照组，而增重剂组睾丸重量显著低于对照组（ｐ＜０．０５）。     

淫羊藿-蜂胶合剂促进鸡细胞免疫的研究

海兰自雏鸡分别于3日龄和10日龄以0．2、0．4mL沣射淫羊藿-蜂胶合剂（E．P合剂）2次。7、14、21和28tt龄采血检测免疫指标。细胞免疫测定指标为淋巴细胞转化水平、E-玫瑰花环形成率、血清溶菌酶含量。结果表明：淫羊藿-蜂胶合剂能显著提高锥鸡的淋巴细胞转化水平和E-玫瑰花环形成率，是雏鸡单核-巨噬细胞系统的有效激活剂，且作用时间长，免疫增强效果好，为E-P合剂在实际应用中作为免疫增强剂提供了理论和试验依据。     

助阳中药粗提物对粤黄鸡免疫功能的影响

将１日龄健康雌性粤黄鸡１２０只随机均分为４组。Ⅰ组饲喂基础日粮，Ⅱ，Ⅲ，Ⅳ组在基础日粮中分别添加２％淫羊藿粗提物、２％补骨脂粗提物、１％淫羊藿粗提物＋１％补骨脂粗提物。在１４日龄时给每只鸡接种１次鸡新城疫Ⅰ系疫苗。试验期（８周）末，与Ⅰ组比较，Ⅱ、Ⅳ组胸腺指数显著减小（Ｐ＜０．０５），脾脏指数显著增大（Ｐ＜０．０５），Ⅳ组的法氏囊指数也显著增大（Ｐ＜０．０５）；外周血液中Ｔ淋巴细胞百分率以Ⅱ、Ⅳ组升高极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１），Ⅲ组升高显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）；血清中ＮＤＶ抗体滴度Ⅱ、Ⅳ组升高显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）；血清中Ｔ３含量Ⅱ、Ⅲ组升高显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）、Ⅳ组升高极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）；Ｔ４含量仅Ⅳ组升高显著（Ｐ＜０．０５），Ⅱ、Ⅲ组升高不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。上述结果提示，淫羊藿粗提物和淫羊藿粗提物＋补骨脂粗提物均能增强粤黄鸡细胞免疫及体液免疫功能，而补骨脂粗提物只增强细胞免疫功能。     

西宁地区黑白花奶牛,猪及藏犬红细胞免疫功能初探

应用红细胞Ｃ＿３ｂ受体（ＲＢＣ－Ｃ＿３ｂＲ）花环和红细胞免疫复合物（ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ）花环试验对西宁地区饲养的３５例黑白花奶牛，２０例８０日龄左右的荣昌猪及６例藏犬的红细胞免疫功能，分别进行了检测。结果证明被测三种动物的红细胞膜上均具有Ｃ＿３ｂＲ，并测得ＲＢＣ－Ｃ＿３ｂＲ及ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ的花环百分率分别为：牛９．３４±６．１４％及６．４９±３．１４％，猪４．３５±１．０８％及２．３５±１．１％，藏犬３．５９±０．４８％及１．３４±０．３３％。从而证明红细胞免疫系统（ＲＣＩＳ）亦适用于黑白花奶牛、荣昌猪及藏犬等动物。文中还对黑白花奶牛血清中红细胞免疫粘附（ＲＣＩＡ）促进因子和抑制因子进行了探讨。     

附红细胞体病红细胞免疫功能的研究

对急性附红细胞体病患畜 (猪、羊 )红细胞免疫功能的研究显示 ,感染附红细胞体的病猪 RBC-CR1花环率显著下降 ,RBC-IC花环率变化不明显。结果表明 :附红细胞体侵袭红细胞的同时 ,破坏了红细胞膜表面的 C3 b受体 ,红细胞膜表面游离状态的 C3 b受体数量明显减少 ,机体红细胞的免疫黏附活性降低 ,红细胞免疫功能低下     

中草药添加剂对肉鸡抗氧化能力和红细胞免疫功能的影响

为了解中草药添加剂对肉鸡抗氧化和红细胞免疫功能的影响,选用80只1日龄AA肉鸡,随机分为对照组(C)和试验组(T),每组40只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加1%中草药添加剂,连续饲喂20d。在试验初(0d)和试验末(20d),分别测定血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、红细胞C3b受体花环率(E-C3bRR)和免疫复合物花环率(E-ICRR)。结果表明:0d时两组鸡抗氧化能力和红细胞免疫功能测定值差异不显著(P>0.05);20d时试验组与对照组比较,血清SOD、GSH-Px活性和E-C3bRR分别提高8.51%、7.49%和10.23%(P<0.05);血清MDA含量和E-ICRR分别下降5.85%和7.87%(P<0.05)。     

Characterization of feline T and B cells

Feline peripheral-blood lymphocyte populations (n = 22) were examined for the following markers: rosette formation with guinea pig erythrocytes (GPE-T cells), rosette formation with human RBC (HRBC-T cells), rosette formation with sheep RBC, mixed rosette formation with GPE-T cells and HRBC-T cells (total T cells), erythrocyte antibody-complement rosettes, and surface immunoglobulin. An average of 28% +/- 7% (range, 16% to 39%) of the feline lymphocytes formed rosettes with GPE-T cells, and 27% +/- 7% (range, 11% to 36%), with HRBC-T cells. An average of 57% +/- 9% (range, 33% to 75%) of the lymphocytes formed mixed rosettes. The erythrocyte antibody-complement rosette-forming cells and surface immunoglobulin-bearing cells were found in peripheral blood lymphocytes (10% +/- 6% and 24% +/- 8%, respectively). The murine monoclonal antibodies OKT 11 and HuLy-m1, specific for a framework determinant of human E-rosette receptor antigens, cross-reacted with feline cell membrane molecules recognizing a bimolecular complex (45,000 to 50,000 daltons) similar to that described in persons. We investigated the distribution of these E-rosette receptor-like antigens on feline lymphocytes. By complement-mediated lymphocytotoxicity, about 30% of the feline lymphocytes expressed the antigens. When lymphocytes were treated with HuLy-m1 antibody, spontaneous rosette formation with HRBC-T cells was significantly inhibited.     

Rosetting of bovine T-lymphocytes with autologous and allogeneic red blood cells

Certain bovine peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and foetal thymocytes were shown to bind autologous and allogeneic red blood cells (RBC). When autologous RBC were treated with dextran, approximately 10% of peripheral blood lymphocytes and about 30% of thymocytes were found to form rosettes. Cells forming autologous rosettes appear to be a population of T-lymphocytes because (1) more rosette formation occurred with thymocytes than with PBL, (2) autologous rosette formation was increased in PBL cultures enriched in T cells and was decreased in cultures depleted of T cells, (3) very few rosette forming cells had surface immunoglobulin and (4) peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures depleted of monocytes did not show a decreased autologous rosette formation. It appears that the cells forming rosettes with autologous and allogeneic RBC belong to the same sub-population of T-cells.     

Erythrocyte rosettes--a marker for bovine T cells.

Many species of erythrocytes were investigated for their ability to form spontaneous rosette with bovine peripheral blood leukocytes and fetal thymocytes. Only sheep and chicken red blood cells gave rosettes. Using conditions shown optimum for the demonstration of human rosette forming cells, only low numbers of bovine rosettes were demonstrable. By changing culture conditions to include 100% fetal calf serum, neuraminidase treated erythrocytes and/or lymphocytes and optimizing the incubation times and temperature, up to 38% of peripheral blood leukocytes and 52% of thymocytes formed rosettes. A thymic origin of rosetting cells was ascribed to T cells for the following reasons: 1) thymocytes gave higher numbers than did peripheral blood leukocytes, 2) rosette forming cell numbers were increased in peripheral blood leukocyte subpopulations enriched in T cells by nylon column separation and 3) only very few rosette forming cells had surface immunoglobulin, a marker of B lymphocytes. The reasons why all T cells were not detected by the technique were discussed.     

泻痢康对鸡红细胞免疫功能的影响

采用 E- 3b R花环试验 ,E- IC花环试验对饲喂 0 .5 %泻痢康 2 0 d的实验鸡和对照鸡的红细胞的免疫功能进行检测。结果发现 ,试验组和对照组鸡红细胞 C3b R致敏酵母花环率分别为 ( 4 .91± 1 .85 )与 ( 4 .31± 0 .6 4 ) ;试验组和对照组鸡红细胞未致敏酵母花环率分别为 ( 1 6 .5 0± 4.5 6 )与 ( 7.2 6± 2 .6 1 )。试验结果表明使用泻痢康饲喂鸡 ,不仅可有效地减少鸡下痢 ,而且可使鸡红细胞 C3b受体花环率增高 ,增强红细胞的免疫功能。     

鸡包涵体肝炎病毒（IBHV）对雏鸡淋巴细胞和红细胞免疫功能的影响

为探讨鸡包涵体肝炎病毒（ Ｉ Ｂ Ｈ Ｖ）引起免疫抑制的机理，给 １ 周龄雏鸡经口感染鸡Ⅷ型腺病毒，观察了感染后不同时间血液淋巴细胞转化率、 Ｒ Ｂ Ｃ Ｃ３ｂ 受体花环率和 Ｒ Ｂ Ｃ Ｉ Ｃ 花环率的动态变化。结果表明，淋巴细胞转化率和 Ｒ Ｂ Ｃ Ｃ３ ｂ 受体花环率于感染后 ３ ｄ 开始下降，至 ９ ｄ 降至最低，显著低于对照组（ Ｐ ＜ ００１）； Ｒ Ｂ Ｃ Ｉ Ｃ 花环率于感染后 ５ ｄ 开始升高，至 １１ ｄ 达最高，显著高于对照组（ Ｐ ＜ ００１）。证实 Ｉ Ｂ Ｈ Ｖ 能够引起淋巴细胞和红细胞免疫功能降低。     

Cell surface markers on canine lymphocytes.

Reference values for T and B lymphocytes were determined on lymphocytes from canine thymus, spleen, lymph node, bone marrow, and peripheral blood by use of erythrocyte (E) and erythrocyte-antibody-complement (EAC) rosette assays, plus a direct fluorescent technique for assay of surface immunoglobulins. Numbers of T lymphocytes, indicated by E rosette formation with human erythrocytes, ranged from a low of 1% in the thymus to 13% in the peripheral blood, whereas B-lymphocyte numbers ranged from 3% (thymus) to 41% (bone marrow) and from 6% (thymus) to 36% (bone marrow), as indicated by EAC rosette formation or presence of surface immunoglobulins respectively. Stimulation of peripheral blood lymphocytes with either phytohemagglutinin or concanavalin A increased the total number of E-rosetting cells two to threefold, whereas the number of EAC-rosetting cells decreased by half. Further, the percentage of cells bearing Fc receptors increased after phytohemagglutinin stimulation. These results indicate the E rosette technique can be used to identify and to monitor a population of canine T lymphocytes.     

免疫调节剂对球虫感染鸡的免疫学指标的影响

为探讨免疫调节剂对鸡球虫病的免疫反应调节作用 ,设计并进行了免疫调节剂对球虫感染鸡的免疫学指标影响的研究。测定指标包括 :淋巴细胞玫瑰花环细胞形成率 ,淋巴细胞转化率 ,红细胞免疫复合物花环形成率 ,红细胞 C3b受体花环形成率 ,脾脏重 /体重相对重 ;血清中 Ig G,Ig M,Ig A的 EL ISA P/ N值。结果各项免疫学指标的差异显著。表明胸腺素、黄芪多糖和卡介苗等免疫调节剂可提高球虫感染鸡的淋巴细胞玫瑰花形成率、淋巴细胞转化率。