1株山羊内源性肺腺瘤反转录病毒的序列测定与分析

参照内源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒株enJSRV-20(EF680302.1)全基因组序列设计合成3对引物,以山羊基因组DNA为模板,应用PCR技术扩增山羊内源性病毒基因片段,分别连接PMD-18T载体并测序,完成了1株山羊内源性肺腺瘤反转录病毒全基因序列的测定。结果分析显示测定序列全长7 480bp,获得的序列与内源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒株enJSRV-18(EF680301.1)的核苷酸相似性为93.4%,与外源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒株JS-7(AF357971.1)的核苷酸相似性为88.1%。根据pro基因序列构建系统进化树,结果显示扩增序列与内源性绵羊反转录病毒株en-JSRV-5(EF680305.1)的亲缘关系最近。本研究有助于内源性肺腺瘤反转录病毒感染性克隆的构建和内源性肺腺瘤反转录病毒功能的研究。     

德克赛尔杂交绵羊肺腺瘤的诊断

绵羊肺腺瘤(OPA)是由绵羊肺腺瘤病毒(JSRV)引起的一种可感染绵羊和山羊肺脏的肿瘤性疾病,近几年国内陆续有绵羊感染的报道,给国内的齐羊业造成巨大的经济损失.对山东某肉羊养殖场的发病羊进行临床症状观察,病理剖检及实验室诊断,通过外源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒(exJSRV)套式RT-PCR检测方法,确诊发病绵羊为绵羊肺腺瘤病毒...     

内源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒全基因组序列测定与序列分析

参照内源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒株enJSRV-20全基因组序列设计合成3对引物,应用PCR技术扩增内源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒基因片段分别连接pMD-18T载体并测序,完成了内源性绵羊反转录病毒基因组序列测定。分析结果显示,测定序列全长7519bp,与内源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒代表株enJSRV-20核苷酸同源性为99．4％,与外源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒代表株AF357971．1的核苷酸同源性为90．4％。基于全基因组序列核苷酸的系统进化发生树分析结果显示,扩增序列与enJSRV-20的亲缘关系最近。     

绵羊基因组中内源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒相关序列的确定

绵羊都含有与绵羊肺腺瘤病毒(Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus,JSRV)密切相关的15~20拷贝内源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒(enJSRV)相关序列。宿主可利用内源性病毒来预防致病性反转录病毒的感染,一些内源性病毒可以有效地干扰相关外源性病毒的复制。本试验通过分子生物学手段确定了蒙古绵羊基因组中含有enJSRV6和enJSRV10两个内源性病毒基因而内蒙古白绒山羊中未发现。通过比较内、外源病毒LTR序列的酶切图谱,获得专一作用外源性病毒的核酸内切酶M spⅠ、TfiⅠ、BsaWⅠ,如果将酶切与聚合酶链式反应(PCR)相结合,不需要经过测序就可分辨enJS-RV和外源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒(exJSRV),形成"酶切-PCR"检测技术,将为绵羊肺腺瘤病的快速诊断提供了新的手段。     

内源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒与宿主共进化研究进展

近年来的研究表明,内源性逆转录病毒作为哺乳动物基因组的重要组成部分,在与宿主共进化过程中发挥重要作用.对内源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒的研究,为揭示哺乳动物内源性逆转录病毒与宿主共进化关系提供了一个独特的模型系统.内源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒在与宿主共进化过程中不断的增强自身的宿主适应性,通过取代宿主原有的促进孕体发育及胎盘形成的机制而...     

内源性绵羊肺腺瘤反转录病毒的研究进展

从内源性绵羊肺腺瘤反转录病毒（enJSRV）与外源性绵羊肺腺瘤反转录病毒（exJSRV）基因组结构的比较、enJSRV与绵羊肺腺瘤病（OPA）的关系、enJSRV在羊体内的表达及其系统发育分析等方面综述了enJSRV的研究进展，旨在为早期诊断及预防OPA提出新方法，为揭示该病的分子发病机理及探索其基因治疗提供新思路。     

内源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒env基因的克隆及序列分析

参照GenBank上已发表的内源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒env基因与5′长末端重复序列保守区序列设计引物,应用PCR技术成功扩增出内源性绵羊肺腺瘤env基因与5′长末端重复序列,将纯化的扩增片段连接pMD18-T克隆载体进行测序获得目的基因序列。应用MEGA4.1、DNASTAR进行序列分析,分析结果表明,内源性env基因具有完整的开放阅读框,内源性env基因序列与内源性绵羊肺腺瘤(AF153615.1)基因同源性高达99.7%,与外源性绵羊肺腺瘤(M80216.1)基因的同源性仅为90.6%;由内源性env基因推导的氨基酸在NCBI进行BLAST比较:与AF153615.1的氨基酸同源性高达100%。内源性env基因编码表达的蛋白具有亲水性。这些结果为研究5′长末端序列对内源性env基因调控等问题提供了重要参考。     

北京地区绵羊肺腺瘤病的病理学及PCR诊断

对北京某种羊场的疑似绵羊肺腺瘤病的羊进行临床诊断、病理组织学观察和PCR检测。结果显示,(1)"小推车试验"时从鼻腔里流出黏稠鼻液;(2)剖检可见肺脏肿大和实变,肺脏和气管内有大量泡沫性液体;(3)病理组织观察到肺脏上皮细胞肿瘤性增生,突入肺泡腔;(4)PCR和半巢式PCR能扩增到176bp和129bp的特异性片段;(5)序列比对分析显示,U3区与外源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒的核苷酸同源性为90.9%-97.7%。综合上述诊断结果确诊该种羊场的疑似病例为绵羊肺腺瘤病。     

绵羊肺腺瘤PCR诊断方法的建立及应用

利用特异性PCR方法实现对绵羊肺腺瘤病毒(OPAV)快速精确诊断和病毒类型的分析.参照GenBank中公布的外源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒基因序列,针对病毒env基因YXXM基序设计了特异性PCR引物,建立了特异性PCR检测方法.成功扩增出病毒囊膜基因(env)多变区序列片段(ST)通过序列比对确定病毒类型.此方法操作简便,可用...     

绵羊肺腺瘤的防控措施

绵羊肺腺瘤是感染绵羊肺腺瘤病病毒所引起绵羊的一种慢性传染性的肺脏肿瘤性疾病。对于绵羊肺腺瘤的感染不具有年龄和品种差异性,但是3~5岁的美利奴绵羊对绵羊肺腺瘤病毒具有高度易感性。OPAV具有较长的潜伏期,感染OPAV后的动物具有极高的病死率,患病绵羊发病以后在临床中主要表现为病羊渐进性的消瘦,出现呼吸道症状,肺脏出现肿瘤性增生。该病在寒冷季节发生时,病情恶化。本文对绵羊肺腺瘤病的病原,流行病学;临床症状,病理变化,治疗和预防进行了阐述,望对相关工作者带来帮助,降低此病的发生,促进养羊业发展。     

ITGB2基因在苏博美利奴羊不同细度皮肤组织中的DNA甲基化及mRNA表达水平分析

本研究旨在分析ITGB2基因在苏博美利奴羊不同细度皮肤组织中的DNA甲基化和mRNA表达水平。以苏博美利奴羊周岁母羊为试验动物,以不同细度的皮肤组织样为试验样本,对ITGB2基因（GenBank登录号：NC_040252.1）启动子区CpG岛进行预测并设计BSP引物,并对ITGB2基因（GenBank登录号：NM_001009485.1）、GAPDH基因（GenBank登录号：NM_001190390.1）mRNA序列设计引物,采用重亚硫酸盐测序法（BSP法）进行扩增纯化后将其连接pMD19-T载体,转化JM109细胞过夜培养,形成单菌落,筛选阳性克隆菌进行测序,对所获序列进行分析,分析ITGB2基因启动子区CpG岛在周岁母羊皮肤组织的甲基化模式,并运用实时荧光定量PCR检测ITGB2基因在苏博美利奴羊不同细度皮肤组织中的mRNA表达水平。结果显示,极细组苏博美利奴羊CpG岛甲基化率（94.29%）高于极粗组苏博美利奴羊的CpG岛甲基化率（87.62%）,其中,极细组苏博美利奴羊CpG2、CpG3、CpG4、CpG7甲基化率（100%、100%、100%和80.00%）均高于极粗组（86.67%、93.33%、80.00%和73.33%）;ITGB2基因在苏博美利奴羊极粗皮肤组织中的表达量极显著高于极细皮肤组织的表达量（P < 0.01）,且ITGB2基因的DNA甲基化水平与mRNA表达量呈明显负相关。研究表明,DNA甲基化对皮肤生长发育有一定作用,可作为一个候选的表观遗传标记用于苏博美利奴羊。     

Development of a polymerase chain reaction method for diagnosis of Babesia ovis infection in sheep and goats

In this study, a pair of oligonucleotide primers were designed according to the nucleotide sequence of the small subunit ribosomal RNA (ssu rRNA) gene of Babesia ovis isolated from sheep in eastern Turkey. The primers were used to detect parasite DNA from blood samples of B. ovis-infected sheep and goats by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A 549-bp DNA fragment was specifically amplified from blood samples from sheep and goats, naturally infected with B. ovis. No PCR products resulted from Babesia motasi, T. ovis, Theileria sp. OT1, Theileria sp. OT3, T. lestoquardi, B. canis, B. microti,T. annulata or normal sheep leucocytes DNA using these specific primers. B. ovis-infected erythrocytes with 1% parasitemia were subjected to 10-fold serial dilutions (from 10(-1) to 10(-9)) using an uninfected sheep erythrocytes, and DNA was extracted from each diluted sample for testing the sensitivity of the PCR. The PCR was sensitive enough to detect parasite DNA from the dilution of 10(-5) with 0.00001% parasitemia. This is more sensitive than examining 200 fields under light microscopy. In addition, 98 field samples collected from small ruminanats in eastern Turkey were tested for B. ovis infection. Four samples were positive Babesia spp. in blood smears, 21 samples were positive for B. ovis DNA by PCR. These results indicate that the PCR provides a useful diagnostic tool for the detection of B. ovis infection in sheep and goats.     

Severe persistent orf in young goats.

Orf (contagious ecthyma) is a viral disease of small and wild ruminants, humans, and less frequently other species. In sheep and goats, the disease is characterized by the formation of vesiculo-proliferative lesions in the skin of lips and nostril. Here, a form of generalized orf in 16 goat kids from 2 different locations in west Texas is described. The disease was characterized by multifocal, severe, proliferative dermatitis that persisted from about 2 months of age until the goat kids were euthanized 3 months later. All affected goats were Boer or Boer crosses under 1 year of age. The mean immunoglobulin concentration in sera of affected goats was elevated compared with healthy control goats. Severe to moderate lymphadenomegaly of the nodes draining the areas of the skin affected with orf lesions was present in all 16 goat kids. Suppurative arthritis, chronic fibrinous pneumonia, and premature thymic involution were found in 3, 5, and 7 of the goat kids, respectively. The skin lesions of 3 goat kids were infested with larvae of the opportunistic black garbage fly (Ophira sp.). The orf virus was identified in skin lesions by isolation in Marbin-Darby ovine kidney cells, electron microscopy, and amplification of viral DNA by polymerase chain reaction. The orf virus was not detected in peripheral blood or lymph node mononuclear cells of any of the goats. Cross-neutralization experiments showed that an ovine orf virus antiserum raised in sheep was more effective in neutralizing a sheep orf virus isolate than a caprine orf virus isolate. The clinical and epidemiological characteristics of these orf cases may be the result of susceptibility factors within some individuals of the Boer breed of goats.     

Surveillance of Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus in sheep in Hokkaido, the northern island of Japan

Surveillance of jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) infection was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of blood DNA samples collected from 40 sheep and goats in 10 different flocks in Hokkaido, the northern island of Japan. No exogenous (oncogenic) JSRV sequence was detected by PCR in these samples, while the ovine endogenous retrovirus sequence was successfully amplified in all samples. Our paper is the first demonstration of JSRV surveillance in Japan and shows no evidence of oncogenic JSRV infection in sheep and goats in Hokkaido.     

Determination of prevalence and risk factors of infection with Babesia in small ruminants from Greece by polymerase chain reaction amplification

A total of 124 blood samples were collected from 92 sheep and 32 goats from 21 randomly selected herds located in two regions of Greece. Data on the characteristics of the animals (species, gender, age, tick burden, presence of haemoglobinuria, prior treatment for babesiosis) and the herd (location, size, species of animals, dogs associated with the herds, tick burden of dogs associated with the herds) were collected through questionnaires. Nineteen animals (15%) produced the DNA fragment specific for Babesia of which 16 were sheep and three were goats. Nucleotide sequence of PCR products revealed 100% homology with Babesia ovis 18S rRNA gene. Nine farms (43%) were found positive for B. ovis. The percentage of positive animals in each farm varied between 10 and 61%. The relative risk of the presence of ticks in sheep and goats (p<0.01) and farm dogs (p<0.01) for PCR-positive results for B. ovis in sheep and goats was found 6.63 and 4.14, respectively.     

Analysis of DNA Methylation and mRNA Expression Level of MSTN Gene in Xinjiang Bashiby Sheep

In order to investigate DNA methylation and expression levels of myostatin (MSTN) gene in mscule and fat, 5 months of age of Bashiby sheep were selected, the promoter region and exon 1 methylation levels of MSTN gene was analyzed using bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP). Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression level of MSTN gene in biceps femoris, femoral triceps, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, longissimus dorsi muscle and tail fat of Bashiby sheep. The results showed that the methylation probability of muscle was higher than fat, the methylation probability of biceps femoris, femoral triceps, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, longissimus dorsi muscle and tail fat were 74.2%, 74.2%, 83.2%, 83.7%, 82.1% and 25.3%, respectively. The expression levels of MSTN gene in biceps femoris, femoral triceps, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, longissimus dorsi muscle were significantly lower than tail fat in Bashiby sheep (P < 0.05), but there were no significant difference among biceps femoris, femoral triceps, semitendinosus, semimembranosus and longissimus dorsi muscle (P > 0.05).The DNA methylation was negatively correlated with the expression levels in muscle and fat of Bashiby sheep (r=-0.886, P < 0.05).     

新疆巴什拜羊肌肉生长抑制素基因DNA甲基化与mRNA表达量分析

为了探究肌肉生长抑制素（myostatin,MSTN）基因在肌肉和脂肪中的DNA甲基化模式及mRNA表达水平,试验以5月龄巴什拜羊羔羊为研究对象,采用亚硫酸氢盐测序法（bisulfite sequencing PCR,BSP）检测MSTN基因启动子区和第1外显子甲基化模式,并通过实时荧光定量PCR检测MSTN基因在巴什拜羊股二头肌、股三头肌、半腱肌、半膜肌、背最长肌和尾脂中的mRNA表达水平。结果显示,肌肉组织甲基化概率高于脂肪组织,其中,股二头肌、股三头肌、半腱肌、半膜肌、背最长肌和尾脂的甲基化概率分别为74.2%、74.2%、83.2%、83.7%、82.1%和25.3%,MSTN基因在股二头肌、股三头肌、半腱肌、半膜肌、背最长肌中的表达水平显著低于尾脂（P < 0.05）,股二头肌、股三头肌、半腱肌、半膜肌和背最长肌之间差异不显著（P > 0.05）,巴什拜羊肌肉和脂肪MSTN基因DNA甲基化水平与MSTN基因表达量呈显著负相关（r=－0.886,P < 0.05）。     

Orf virus circulation in cattle in Turkey

Orf virus (ORFV) causes contagious skin disease that mainly affects sheep and goats with zoonotic potential. However, there is not enough information about the association between ORFV and occurrence of skin disease in cattle. The present study describes outbreaks of ORFV infection in cattle in different provinces that are located in the Aegean, Central Anatolian and Mediterranean regions of Turkey. During the months of June and August 2017, vesicular fluid and scab samples were collected from cattle which had proliferative skin lesions. First, presence of lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) and bovine herpesvirus 2 (BoHV-2, known as the causative agent of pseudo-lumpy skin disease) were investigated by real time PCR and PCR, respectively. Then, samples tested for the presence of parapoxviruses by PCR using primers specific to major envelope protein gene (B2L). Parapoxvirus DNA was detected in investigated samples whereas LSDV and BoHV-2 DNA were not detected. The analysis of the B2L gene sequences revealed that cattle were infected with ORFV. The isolates in the present study shared 100% sequence identity at the nucleotide and amino acid level when compared with previously characterised Turkish field ORFV isolates from goats in 2016. Results of the study show unusual infection of cattle with ORFV, and suggest that ORFV jumps the host species barrier from goats to cattle.     

Infection of sheep and goats with bovid herpesvirus 2

Sheep and goats were shown to be susceptible to experimental infection with bovid herpesvirus 2 (BHV2), administered by either the intradermal or intravenous route. Lesions developing in sheep following intradermal inoculation of virus were similar to those in cattle inoculated intradermally, whereas the lesions in goats resolved without ulceration or scabbing. Disseminated circumscribed skin lesions developed in sheep and goats given BHV2 by the intravenous route. These lesions resolved in four to eight days without significant effect on the skin. BHV2 was isolated from skin lesions of sheep, goats and cattle that were infected intravenously, from sheep and cattle infected intradermally and from the leucocytes of the three species following intravenous inoculation of virus. Latent infection of sheep and goats was demonstrated following corticosteroid treatment 60 days after infection.     

绵羊甘露聚糖结合凝集素基因启动子区的克隆与序列分析

为了探讨绵羊甘露聚糖结合凝集素（mannan-binding lectin,MBL）基因启动子区活性及转录调控机制,本试验根据已提交的绵羊MBL序列设计3条特异性引物,采用热不对称交错PCR(thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR,TAIL-PCR)技术扩增获得绵羊MBL基因的启动子区序列。经生物信息学分析,确定了其转录活性区域,发现绵羊MBL基因启动子无TATA框,但其存在多个PEA3和Spi-1/PU.1转录因子结合位点,二者同属Ets家族,且参与绵羊MBL基因转录起始复合体的形成。此外,该序列还包含Sp1、GATA-1、TCF/LEF等其他转录因子结合位点。结果表明,试验成功克隆获得了绵羊MBL基因的启动子区序列,为后期MBL基因启动子区活性及其表达调控机制和甲基化研究奠定基础