戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液对载体的消毒试验

采用载体浸泡定量杀菌试验,考察戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液对载体片染菌的杀灭效果。参考中华人民共和国农业部《兽用消毒剂技术规范》(1992年版),观察不同稀释倍数(800、1600、6.25、12.5)在不同作用时间(5、30 min)其对载体片染菌的杀灭效果。戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液800倍稀释,与载体片上的细菌作用5 min,以及6.25倍稀释,与蜡样芽孢杆菌8008作用30 min,杀菌率均为100%。说明戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液有效消毒浓度为800倍稀释,灭菌浓度为6.25倍稀释。     

2种消毒剂对猪舍自然菌的消毒效果

为了考察戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液、复方戊二醛溶液2种消毒剂对猪舍自然菌的现场消毒效果,参考中华人民共和国农业部《兽用消毒剂技术规范》(1992年版),采用戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液100倍稀释、复方戊二醛溶液150倍稀释,通过擦拭法进行消毒前后表面菌落计数,计算杀菌率,判定其现场消毒效果。结果显示:戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液100倍稀释,复方戊二醛溶液150倍稀释时,与猪舍自然菌作用60 min,杀菌率达96.45%以上。结果表明:2种消毒剂对猪舍自然菌消毒效果相当,戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液可以推广使用。     

戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液对鸡新城疫病毒的杀灭效果研究

考察戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液消毒剂对新城疫病毒的杀灭效果。参考中华人民共和国农业部《兽用消毒剂技术规范》(1992年版),采用悬浮杀灭试验,以鸡胚感染法,将其通过不同稀释倍数(800、1600、3 200)、在不同时间段(5、10、15、30、60 min)观察其对新城疫病毒的杀灭效果。结果:戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液在20℃水浴中,1 600倍稀释,作用5min,对鸡新城疫病毒的灭活率在80%以上。结论:戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液在20℃水浴中,对鸡新城疫病毒的最低有效浓度为1 600倍稀释,该浓度对新城疫病毒的最快有效时间为5 min。     

5种消毒剂对鸭场常见病原菌的杀灭效果试验

为了解市场常见的5种消毒剂(聚维酮碘、苯扎溴铵、月苄三甲氯铵、复方戊二醛、戊二醛癸甲溴铵)对鸭场常见病原菌(大肠杆菌、鸭疫里默杆菌、巴氏杆菌、沙门菌、葡萄球菌)的杀灭效果,采用营养肉汤稀释法检测最小抑菌浓度(MIC)、最小杀菌浓度(MBC)。结果显示:聚维酮碘对大肠杆菌、沙门菌、葡萄球菌的MICs/MBCs均为1∶4,对鸭疫里默杆菌及巴氏杆菌的MICs/MBCs均为1∶8;苯扎溴铵对这5种病原菌的MICs/MBCs分别为1∶200、1∶25;月苄三甲氯铵对这5种病原菌的MICs/MBCs分别为1∶1 920、1∶960;复方戊二醛对这几种病原菌的MICs/MBCs分别为1∶1 200、1∶600;戊二醛癸甲溴铵对这几种病原菌的MICs/MBCs分别为1∶1 000、1∶500。表明这5种消毒剂对这5种受试菌的MICs/MBCs值与消毒剂推荐使用浓度存在差异,因此,养殖厂在选择消毒剂时,应结合消毒剂对病原菌的杀灭效果,制定科学的消毒规程,对养殖场进行有效消毒。     

戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液对鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒的杀灭效果

为了考察戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液消毒剂对鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒的杀灭效果,参考中华人民共和国农业部《兽用消毒剂技术规范》(1992年版),采用悬浮杀灭试验,将其通过不同稀释倍数(50、100、200)、在不同时间段(5、10、15、30、60 min)观察其对鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒的杀灭效果。结果:戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液在20℃水浴中,100倍稀释,作用60 min,对鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒表现出完全的杀灭效果。表明:戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液在100倍稀释时鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒的杀灭效果良好。     

过氧乙酸戊二醛复方消毒剂与氨气的互作

为研究氨气与过氧乙酸戊二醛复方消毒剂(简称复方消毒剂)相互中和的效果及氨气对消毒效果的影响,通过测定不同剂量512倍稀释的复方消毒剂,在不同作用时间、不同氨气浓度时,喷雾消毒前后气雾柜内细菌数量和氨气质量浓度,计算杀菌率和氨气中和率,以确定512倍稀释的复方消毒剂对氨气的中和效果及高浓度氨气对其杀菌效果的影响。结果显示:在氨气质量浓度为40.98 mg/m³时,512倍稀释的复方消毒剂分别以15、30、60 mL/m³剂量喷雾,作用30 min后,氨气中和率分别为13.3%、17.8%、54.0%;在氨气质量浓度分别为40.98、48.57、56.16 mg/m³时,512倍稀释的复方消毒剂以15 mL/m³喷雾消毒,作用30 min后,杀菌率分别为100%、99.6%、99.2%。结果表明:在氨气质量浓度40.98 mg/m³,作用30 min后,512倍稀释的复方消毒剂,喷雾剂量60 mL/m³可实现理想的中和氨气效果,15 mL/m³可实现理想的消毒效果。     

复方大蒜素自微乳消毒剂的研制

为了使传统消毒剂和安全环保型消毒刑有机的结合,拟开发一种大蒜素的复方消毒剂,并对其理化性质进行考察.采用大蒜油、苯扎溴铵、辅助乳化剂、乙醇等辅料,绘制该系统的伪三元图制备复方大蒜素的自微乳消毒剂,并分别考察该自微乳的的外观性状、pH值、离心稳定性、乳化特征及粒度分布、稳定性等.结果发现复方大蒜素自微乳性质稳定,黄色透明...     

五种不同种类消毒剂杀菌效果评估

为给父母代种鸡殖场正确做好消毒工作提供一套理论数据,本研究选择5种消毒剂对鸡场采集细菌培养物消毒效果进行评估。将3.1×10~7CFU/ml的细菌液与不同稀释倍数消毒剂分别反应30min、1、3、5、10、12、24h,培养并计数反应后的菌落总数。结果表明,复方戊二醛溶液稀释至1000倍、火碱稀释至1%、10%聚维酮碘稀释至0.5%、过硫酸钾复合粉稀释至800倍、复方酚溶液稀释至600倍,反应30min杀菌率可达100%。该研究结果,结合5种消毒剂的成本和消毒机理可以选择合适的消毒方案。     

几种消毒剂杀菌特性的比较试验

选用目前常用的含氯、季胺盐消毒剂,针对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽胞杆菌进行了最小抑菌浓度、最小杀菌浓度的测定及定量杀菌试验。结果表明含氯消毒剂(强力消毒灵)对3种细菌的杀菌效果最好;双链季胺盐消毒液(康唯消)对3种细菌的抑菌效果最好;双季胺碘消毒液(百毒杀)对3种细菌的抑菌、杀菌效果较差。     

戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液对H9N2亚型禽流感病毒的灭活效果分析

采用悬浮杀灭试验,考察戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液对H9N2亚型禽流感病毒的灭活效果。将戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液通过不同稀释倍数(1 250、2 500、5 000、10 000、20 000)、在不同作用时间(5、10 min)观察其对H9N2亚型禽流感病毒的灭活效果。结果显示,戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液在10000倍稀释,与H9N2亚型禽流感病毒作用5 min或10 min,灭活率达99.90%以上;在20 000倍稀释,作用5 min或10 min,灭活率均小于99.90%。表明戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液在10 000倍稀释与H9N2亚型禽流感病毒(20±1)℃水浴作用5 min,即可对H9N2亚型禽流感病毒达到很好的灭活效果。     

复方季铵盐泡沫消毒剂成泡性能的优化及对病毒的杀灭效果评价

【目的】研究复方季铵盐泡沫消毒剂的成泡性能,并评估该消毒剂对新城疫病毒（Newcastle disease virus,NDV）和猪瘟病毒（Classical swine fever virus,CSFV）的杀灭效果,以及不同作用浓度和时间对消毒效果的影响。【方法】通过响应面法对复方季铵盐泡沫消毒剂中苯扎溴铵、癸甲溴铵和癸基葡萄糖苷3种成分的含量进行优化;采用悬浮杀灭试验,以细胞感染方法,测定该消毒剂稀释度为1：100、1：200、1：400、1：500、1：600、1：800和1：1 000时分别作用5、10和15 min对NDV LaSota株的灭活率;采用悬液定量法,测定该消毒剂稀释度为1：200、1：300、1：400、1：500、1：600时分别作用3、5、7、10和15 min对CSFV Thiveral株的灭活率。【结果】复方季铵盐泡沫消毒剂中主要成分苯扎溴铵、癸甲溴铵和癸基葡萄糖苷含量配比分别为1.4%、3.8%和0.75%时,成泡时间达到83 min。该消毒剂在稀释度最高为1：400（以总含量计约为137.5 mg/L）时,最短作用时间5 min,对NDV LaSota株灭活率为100%;最短作用时间为3 min时,对CSFV Thiveral株灭活率达到100%;作用时间延长至15 min时,对2种病毒的灭活率均稳定保持在100%。复方季铵盐泡沫消毒剂的稀释度低于1：400时,对NDV LaSota株杀灭效果不佳;稀释度为1：500（以总含量计约为110 mg/L）、1：600（以总含量计约为91.67 mg/L）时,作用时间10 min,对CSFV Thiveral株灭活率达到100%,作用时间延长至15 min时,灭活率稳定保持在100%。【结论】复方季铵盐泡沫消毒剂中苯扎溴铵、癸甲溴铵和癸基葡萄糖苷含量为1.4%、3.8%和0.75%时成泡效果最优,该消毒剂对NDV和CSFV杀灭效果较好,为其在养殖场的规范使用提供参考与理论依据,也为畜禽养殖业场地环境消毒效果评价提供更多的可能性。     

常见消毒剂对塞内卡病毒杀灭作用的比较研究

为比较常见消毒方法对塞内卡病毒的杀灭作用,开展了不同浓度苯酚溶液、复方甲酚皂消毒液、柠檬酸溶液、NaOH溶液、百毒杀消毒液、新洁尔灭消毒液、84消毒液以及75％酒精和紫外线,与SVA作用10 min、30 min和60 min杀灭效果的研究.结果显示,5.0％的苯酚溶液作用10 min,0.5％以上的NaOH作用10 ...     

Effectiveness of using a mat filled with a peroxygen disinfectant to minimize shoe sole contamination in a veterinary hospital

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of using a disinfectant mat filled with a peroxygen compound to prevent mechanical transmission of bacteria via contaminated footwear between the food animal ward and common breezeway of a veterinary teaching hospital. DESIGN: Observational study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Shoe soles of individuals entering and exiting from the ward. PROCEDURES: A mat filled with peroxygen disinfectant was placed at the entrance to the food animal ward, and participants wiped each shoe twice on the mat surface (n = 16) or walked on the mat surface but did not wipe their shoes (17) before entering and exiting from the ward. Swab specimens were collected from the shoe soles of participants before and after mat use and submitted for bacterial culture. RESULTS: For both study days, as participants entered the ward, median number of aerobic bacteria isolated from shoe swab specimens collected prior to use of the disinfectant mat was not significantly different from median number isolated after use of the disinfectant mat. However, as participants exited the ward, median number of aerobic bacteria isolated from shoe swab specimens collected prior to use of the disinfectant mat was significantly higher than median number isolated after use of the disinfectant mat. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that placing a mat filled with a peroxygen disinfectant at the exit from the food animal ward of a veterinary teaching hospital may help reduce mechanical transmission of bacteria on the footwear of individuals leaving the ward.     

Evaluation of virucidal activity of three commercial disinfectants and formic acid using bovine enterovirus type 1 (ECBO virus), mammalian orthoreovirus type 1 and bovine adenovirus type 1

A modified version of the test method of the Comité Européen de Normalisation (CEN) was developed using formic acid and three commercial disinfectants to evaluate virucidal activity against three non-enveloped viruses, bovine enterovirus type 1 (ECBO virus), mammalian orthoreovirus type 1 and bovine adenovirus type 1 (BAV 1). Determination of the effects of temperature was carried out at 20 and 10 degrees C. All tests with protein load used bovine serum albumin (BSA) and yeast extract. The investigations were performed in suspension tests and in carrier tests using poplar wood virus carriers. The carrier tests showed that ECBO virus could be inactivated at 20 degrees C with 1% formic acid within a 60 min reaction time. For disinfection of ECBO virus at 10 degrees C within 60 min, a 2% concentration of formic acid was necessary. Formic acid was ineffective against reovirus and bovine adenovirus and cannot be recommended as a reference disinfectant. Inactivation of ECBO virus and adenovirus type 1 using a disinfectant containing aldehydes and alcohols could be achieved, but only at room temperature. The disinfection of reovirus type 1 at room temperature with this product was possible without a protein load. This disinfectant exhibited disinfection ability at 10 degrees C at a concentration of more than 2% or with a longer exposure time. A disinfectant containing aldehydes was effective at room temperature but its effect was reduced in the presence of organic matter. Inactivation at 10 degrees C was found only against adenovirus. The fourth disinfectant, which contained peroxiacetic acid, inactivated all test viruses at a concentration of 0.5% within 15 min independent of temperature and protein load.     

Combination of quaternary ammonia and glutaraldehyde as a disinfectant against enveloped and non-enveloped viruses

Infectious bursal disease is a highly infectious immunosuppressive disease of chickens endemic in many poultry-producing areas around the world. The non-enveloped virus that causes the disease, infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), is highly stable and resistant to inactivation by common disinfectants. Avian influenza viruses (AIV), on the other hand, are highly vulnerable to most disinfectants due to their phospholipid envelope, but still pose a major threat to the poultry industry, as the outbreaks in 2015 in the United States have shown. Several studies have evaluated the efficacy of disinfectants against both IBDV and AIV but failed to take into consideration factors that would affect the disinfectant efficacy once used in the field, such as organic material. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a commercial combination of quaternary ammonia and glutaraldehyde as a disinfectant against IBDV and AIV in the presence of organic material commonly found in the commercial poultry industry: fecal matter alone, feathers/dust mixed with feces, and bedding material mixed with feces. After a 10-minute disinfectant contact time, each surface was swabbed and virus isolation attempted in embryonated specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken eggs. The non-enveloped very virulent (vv) IBDV was reisolated from spiked feces and shavings treated with the disinfectant. This was confirmed by RT-PCR detection of the virus. In contrast, no viral isolate or RT-PCR product was obtained from the samples collected from spiked feathers/dust treated with the disinfectant. Finally, no low pathogenic (LP) AI was re-isolated from the samples treated with the disinfectant indicating that, under laboratory conditions, the combination of quaternary ammonia and glutaraldehyde was partially and completely effective in the inactivation of vvIBDV and LPAI, respectively. Not only the viral envelope, but also the presence of organic matter plays an important role in the viral resistance to disinfectants.     

新型氯烟熏剂与福尔马林对种蛋的消毒效果比对试验

福尔马林和二氯异氰尿酸钠烟熏剂是两种用于鸡舍、种蛋消毒的常见药物,两者各有优势.为了评价两种消毒剂的消毒效果,本试验比较两种消毒剂对种蛋和室内环境的消毒效果,结果表明福尔马林较新型氯烟熏剂消毒效果好,消毒剂熏蒸的作用时间越长或浓度越大,其消毒效果越好;两种消毒剂常规剂量对种蛋的影响差异不明显.新型氯烟熏剂具有使用方便的...     

规模化鸡场消毒剂的筛选与消毒效果评价

为评价消毒剂对规模化鸡场的消毒效果,采用有限稀释法和茵悬混合液定量杀菌试验分别测定50 g/L苯扎溴铵(A)、20 mL/L戊二醛溶液(B)、100 g/L聚维酮碘(C)、100 g/L癸甲溴铵(D)和过硫酸氢钾复合物粉(E)5种消毒剂对大肠埃希茵最小杀菌浓度(MBC)和杀灭对数值;采用带鸡消毒试验对5种消毒剂进行现场...     

单增李斯特菌inlK基因缺失株的构建及其生物被膜与消毒剂抗力分析

【目的】 研究inlK基因对Lm90SB2菌株生物被膜形成能力的影响及其生物被膜与消毒剂抗力的关系,以期为有效防控单增李斯特菌污染提供参考。【方法】 以单增李斯特菌Lm90SB2为试验菌,根据GenBank中公布的单增李斯特菌F2365 inlK基因序列(登录号:AE017262),应用Primer Premier 5.0软件设计用于扩增inlK基因上、下游同源臂片段及验证缺失株的特异性引物,以同源重组技术构建inlK基因缺失株,并通过旁外侧引物运用PCR方法进行缺失株检测。将标准菌株Lm90SB2和构建的缺失株分别培养8、12、24、48 h后进行结晶紫染色,在倒置显微镜下观察形态变化,并用酶标仪测定生物被膜形成能力;用含3 g/L卵磷脂+3 g/L吐温80的PBS溶液和含10 g/L卵磷脂+20 g/L吐温80的PBS溶液作为新洁尔灭消毒剂的中和剂,含5 g/L硫代硫酸钠+5 g/L卵磷脂+20 g/L吐温80的PBS溶液和含10 g/L硫代硫酸钠+30 g/L卵磷脂+20 g/L吐温80的PBS溶液84消毒剂的中和剂,设消毒剂+菌悬液、消毒剂+菌悬液+中和剂、中和剂+菌悬液、消毒剂+中和剂+菌悬液、稀释液+菌悬液(阳性对照)、稀释液+中和剂+培养基(阴性对照)6个试验组,进行中和剂的筛选,并检测不同浓度新洁尔灭(1∶15、1∶30)和84消毒剂(1∶50、1∶100)分别作用1、5、10、20 min时对2株菌的灭菌率。【结果】 PCR结果表明,成功构建了缺失株Lm90SB2ΔinlK,且inlK基因的缺失导致Lm90SB2菌株生物被膜形成能力显著或极显著下降(P<0.05;P<0.01);含3 g/L卵磷脂+3 g/L吐温80的PBS溶液构成的中和剂可有效中和新洁尔灭消毒剂,5 g/L硫代硫酸钠+5 g/L卵磷脂+20 g/L吐温80的PBS溶液可有效中和84消毒剂。不同比例的新洁尔灭(1∶15、1∶30)和84消毒剂(1∶50、1∶100)消毒剂在1、5、10 min对Lm90SB2ΔinlK株的灭菌率均显著或极显著高于Lm90SB2株(P<0.05;P<0.01),且在20 min时灭菌率均为100%。【结论】 inlK基因的缺失导致Lm90SB2菌株生物被膜形成能力下降,且对消毒剂抗力减弱。     

凹凸棒复合氯消毒剂消毒效果研究与安全性评价

目的：观察凹凸棒复合氯消毒剂的消毒效果和安全性。方法：将凹凸棒复合氯消毒剂和强力消毒灵按照不同的稀释度稀释后,与金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、禽巴氏杆菌、丝状霉形体山羊亚种、鸡新城疫病毒、猪瘟病毒兔化弱毒分别作用不同时间,检测其抑菌、杀毒效果。通过急性毒性试验、皮肤刺激性试验和急性眼刺激试验评价该消毒剂的安全性。结果：凹凸棒复合氯消毒剂在不同稀释倍数下对细菌和病毒有一定的抑制和杀灭作用,且无明显毒性。结论：凹凸棒复合氯消毒剂对细菌和病毒有抑制和杀灭作用,且安全、有效。