鸡传染性法氏囊病快速诊断试纸条的研制及特性测定

以高亲和力和高特异性IBDV单克隆抗体为基础,成功的研制出IBDV快速诊断试纸条,试验结果表明IBD试纸与鸡的NDV、ALV、EDS-76、IBV、ILTV、MDV无交叉反应。IBD试纸条具有良好的特异性和敏感性,其敏感性与琼扩试验相比,则提高了32—64倍,能够识别不同的IBDV毒株包括强毒和弱毒。与ELISA的阳性符合率为100％。对于人工感染IBDV鸡,感染后36h在感染鸡的法氏囊即可检出IBDV,从检测到获得结果仅需要1-2min,IBD试纸具有特异、敏感、快速、简单等特点,不需要任何专业技能和其他试剂,实现了鸡病诊断的一步法。     

鸡传染性法氏囊病亚单位灭活疫苗免疫SPF鸡琼扩抗体效价与攻毒保护相关性试验

为了探讨鸡传染性法氏囊病(IBD)亚单位灭活疫苗琼扩抗体效价与攻毒保护之间的相关性,为血清学效力检验标准的制定提供依据,用试验室试制的3批鸡传染性法氏囊病基因工程亚单位灭活疫苗以不同剂量分别免疫21日龄SPF鸡,免疫后21日采血分离血清并用强毒攻击,将每只鸡的琼扩抗体效价与攻毒保护情况一一对应,结果显示IBD琼扩抗体效价不低于1:1的鸡均可以抵抗强毒攻击,表明琼扩抗体效价与攻毒保护具有一定的相关性。     

试纸探针条检测鸡传染性法氏囊病疫苗中病毒含量的试验

试纸探针条可识别市售的国产或进口鸡传染性法氏囊病（IBD）代表性疫苗毒株及其鸡胚培养毒或细胞培养或其接种鸡的囊毒，并可检出经甲醛灭活的IBD标准强毒、田野囊毒、鸡胚培养毒或细胞培养毒。活的或灭活待检疫苗水溶液中IBDV的含量越高，试纸探针条上阳性线显现越快、颜色越深且明显；在30分钟的结果观察时间内，该条可检出每0.1mL样品中800ELD50或10^7.0TCID50的病毒含量，该条检测灭活IBDV的效价是AGP测定效价的32倍以上，试纸探针条为估价疫苗中IBDV的含量或疫苗质量提供了一条简便、快速、经济的新途径。     

人工IBD囊毒灭活苗免疫鸡效果好

将自然IBD病鸡法氏囊，制成匀浆，为自然IBD囊毒，接种于50日龄健康公雏，在严格隔离消毒控制下，使基发病，再无菌取人工感染发病病理变化典型法氏囊，制成匀浆，为人工IBD囊毒，制成人工IBD囊毒灭活苗，防制IBD 效果甚佳。     

传染性法氏囊病病料中MDV、CAV、REV的共感染检测

从江苏、山东、浙江、河南、上海、广西、云南等地收集根据临床表现及病理变化诊断为传染性法氏囊病（IBD）的病鸡法氏囊样品66份，用相应的核酸探针及斑点杂交法分别检测样品中鸡传染性贫血病病毒（CAV）、马立克氏病病毒（MDV）、网状内皮细胞增生病病毒（REV）的感染；用抗IBD血清做琼扩检测IBDV。结果显示，部分地区病料中这些病毒有不同程度的二重感染、三重感染甚至四重感染。提示在研究特定毒株IBDV的毒力时，应考虑多重感染对致病性的影响。     

鸡传染性法氏囊病血清抗体和卵黄抗体的检测比较

鸡传染性法氏囊病的血清琼脂扩散试验,虽然比较简易,检出率较高,但由于需要采血,故而对鸡产生应激反应,影响母鸡产蛋,造成经济损失。为此,根据鸡传染性法氏囊病(IBD)抗体能从输卵管上皮层分泌滤泡分泌到卵黄内,从而传递给子代雏鸡的原理,用卵黄琼扩试验监测鸡IBD卵黄抗体水平。一、材料和方法1、鸡IBD弱毒疫苗和灭活疫苗:由英特威公司提供。2、鸡IBD琼扩抗原及阳性血清:由哈尔滨兽医研究所提供。3、试验用种卵和血清:来自上海市华申曾祖代蛋鸡场罗曼曾祖代三世代测定群母鸡。该群鸡于16日龄、23日龄曾用鸡IBD.D_(78)弱毒疫苗饮水免疫各一次,18周龄时用IBD IB ND三联灭活油苗肌注免疫。于注苗后5个半月取种卵,并于产蛋后2小时对种鸡分别对号静脉采血,分离血清。4、卵黄稀释液:配制8%枸橼酸钠溶液、16%氯化钠溶液和0.15mol/L.PBS液。     

鸡传染性法氏囊病超强毒毒株的分离和初步鉴定

从死亡率高达55％的鸡传染性法氏囊病(IBD)发病鸡群的病例中分离到一株IBD强毒。该强毒可使人工发病鸡36小时发病,发病率100％,死亡率60％。剖检可见到与野外病例相同的病理变化,如肌肉、心脏、腺胃出血,法氏囊呈“紫葡萄”样外观。免疫保护性试验、血清学试验、鸡胚接种和电镜形态学观察均证明该分离物为IBD病毒。并排除了新城疫和大肠杆菌混合感染,从而表明,我国鸡群中存在不同于经典IBD病毒的超强毒变异株。     

鸡传染性法氏囊病双抗体夹心Dot─ELISA诊断法的建立及应用

以醋酸纤维素膜作为固相载体，辣根过氧化物酶标记鸡抗传染性法氏囊病病毒抗体（ＩＢＤ—ＩｇＧ），饱和二氨基联苯胺为底物显色，建立了鸡传染性法氏囊病双抗体夹心Ｄｏｔ—ＥＬＩＳＡ诊断法。经方阵实验确定最佳反应条件为：ＩｇＧ的包被液为０．０５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ（ｐＨ９．６）碳酸盐缓冲液，包被浓度为１：５０；酶标抗体的工作浓度为１：１００；洗涤液为含０．０５％吐温—８０的０．０２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ（ｐＨ７．４）磷酸盐缓冲液；封闭液为含０．２％明胶的洗涤液；封闭时间、抗原及酶标抗体的作用时间均为３７℃３０ｍｉｎ。应用本方法和琼扩试验同步检测２０份已知阳性病料、１２０份待检病料和胚毒尿囊液、１０份正常鸡样品，结果表明，Ｄｏｔ—ＥＬＩＳＡ阳性率为９０％，而琼扩试验为４０％；凡琼扩试验阳性者，Ｄｏｔ—ＥＬＩＳＡ均呈强阳性，而在Ｄｏｔ—ＥＬＩＳＡ阳性样品中，只有４４％呈琼扩试验阳性，Ｄｏｔ—ＥＬＩＳＡ的敏感度为琼扩试验的１００倍。     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒的快速检测

随着 IBDV变异株的出现 ,发病鸡常不产生法氏囊的肉眼病变 ,由于传染性和非传染性因素亦可引起淋巴细胞减少和法氏囊坏死 ,所以 ,采取组织病理学方法诊断 IBDV感染并不完全可靠。由于主动性抗体应答需要一定的时间及大多数雏鸡都带有母源抗体 ,因此血清学早期诊断也不完全可靠。该试验采用本所研究的 IBD快速试纸与经典的琼扩试验 ,在对 IBDV的检测效果上进行了详细的比较 ,介绍如下。1　材料与方法1 .1　 IBD快速检测试纸　由河南省农业科学院生物技术研究所制备提供。1 .2　试验鸡　 1日龄试验鸡 30 0只由河南农业大学试验鸡场提…     

囊素对鸡传染性法氏囊病弱毒苗免疫的影响

为了研究囊素对鸡传染性法氏囊弱毒苗免疫效果的影响,将囊素按不同剂量与法氏囊弱毒苗混合滴鼻接种雏鸡。对接种后7,14,21和51日龄的鸡进行抗体琼扩效价检测、抗体转阳率检测和囊指数测定。结果显示：中等剂量（10μg／羽）囊素添加的鸡传染性法氏囊弱毒疫苗组抗体效价产生和持续时间高于其他剂量组和疫苗对照组（低毒力）,囊指数值也高于其他组;鸡传染性法氏囊弱毒疫苗（中等毒力）接种试验鸡,能长时间维持较高抗体,但对鸡的法氏囊损伤较大。试验证明,适当剂量的囊素对鸡传染性法氏囊弱毒疫苗具有免疫增强作用和减少法氏囊损伤作用。     

Response of cattle persistently infected with bovine virus diarrhoea virus to bovine leukosis virus

Six cattle persistently infected with bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) and seronegative, and two control, virus negative seropositive cattle were inoculated with lymphocytes infected with bovine leukosis virus (BLV). The two controls produced a normal immune response to BLV, developing antibodies at four and five weeks after inoculation. Two of the six cattle persistently infected with BVDV developed a strong antibody response by six weeks after inoculation with BLV. Four developed a depressed response to BLV, characterised in three by a 'hooking' reaction in the immunodiffusion test which persisted in successive bleedings but was interspersed occasionally by a weak positive reaction. In one of these animals, a series of 'hooking' reactions was followed by a number of negative results. The fourth animal remained serologically negative until 16 weeks after inoculation when a 'hooking' reaction was observed followed by a series of negative results. BLV was isolated from all the cattle persistently infected with BVDV at 42 or 58 weeks after inoculation regardless of whether the serum samples gave negative, 'hooking', weak positive or positive reactions in the immunodiffusion test. BLV was consistently isolated from the nasal secretions of a steer which was BVDV negative but seropositive. The possibility of decreased immune responsiveness to BLV in animals persistently infected with BVDV should be considered when formulating regulations governing the testing of animals for freedom from BLV.     

Feline leukemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus.

Ophthalmic manifestations of FeLV or FIV infection can occur in all ocular tissues and may be manifestations of direct viral effects or secondary to viral-related malignant transformation. Additionally, the manifestations of common feline ophthalmic pathogens may be more severe and poorly responsive to therapy because of the immunosuppressive effects of FeLV or FIV infection. Prompt diagnosis of underlying viral infection in cats with ophthalmic disease is paramount for accurate diagnosis and prognosis and is required for appropriate therapeutic decision making.     

Evaluating the protective efficacy of a trivalent vaccine containing Akabane virus,Aino virus and Chuzan virus against Schmallenberg virus infection

Schmallenberg virus (SBV), an arthropod borne pathogen, spread rapidly throughout the majority of Europe since 2011. It can cause a febrile disease, milk drop, diarrhea, and fetal malformation in ruminants. SBV, a member of the Simbu serogroup within the genus Orthobunyavirus, is closely related to Akabane virus (AKAV) and Aino virus (AINOV) among others. In the present study, 4 Holstein-Friesian calves were immunized twice four weeks apart with a multivalent, inactivated vaccine against AKAV and AINOV. Another 4 calves were kept as unvaccinated controls. All animals were clinically, serologically and virologically examined before and after challenge infection with SBV. AKAV- and AINOV-specific neutralizing antibodies were detected one week before challenge infection, while SBV-specific antibodies were detectable only thereafter. SBV genome was detected in all vaccinated animals and 3 out of 4 controls in serum samples taken after challenge infection. In conclusion, the investigated vaccine was not able to prevent an SBV-infection. Thus, vaccines for other related Simbu serogroup viruses can not substitute SBV-specific vaccines as an instrument for disease control.     

Detection of bovine virus diarrhea virus in a live bovine herpes virus 1 marker vaccine

In February 1999, 12 Dutch herds were vaccinated with a live bovine herpesvirus 1 vaccine from which bovine virus diarrhea virus (BVDV) could be isolated. All vaccine batches that were on the Dutch market and that had not yet reached the expiry date were tested for BVDV. In total, seven of 82 batches tested were found positive. Batch numbers TX3607, VB3914, VB3915, VB4046, TW3391, and TV3294 were positive for BVDV type 1, and batch number WG4622 was positive for BVDV type 2. This latter batch induced clinical signs of BVDV in an animal experiment with susceptible animals.     

Persistent bovine virus diarrhoea virus infection in a bull

Investigation of a sight defect in a pedigree bull, born as a result of artificial insemination and ovum transplantation, led to the finding that the animal was persistently infected with bovine virus diarrhoea virus. Virus was cultured from blood and from nasal and ocular swabs and was present in semen in high titre. At necropsy, virus was cultured from a wide range of tissues. The pathological findings are described and discussed as are the potential hazards of such infections.