优良牧草引种试验

漳县草场面积广阔，牧草资源丰富。据初步调查，种子植物110科2000余种，具有发展草畜业的优越条件。但长期以来，由于滥垦荒地，毁草种粮和超载滥牧，草场严重退化，牧草品质变劣，生产力下降。为了充分挖掘草场资源，有效地改良退化草场，结合漳县牧区开发示范工程建设项目的实施，从2001年开始进行牧草引种试验，观察参试牧草的生长发育状况，测定其生产能力，筛选出适合漳县各类地区种植和改良草场的优良牧草，为退耕还草以及建立人工草地，改良天然草场提供科学依据。     

贵州建成我国第一个现代化牧草种子繁殖基地

从新西兰引进先进技术和成套机械设备建成的贵州牧草种子繁殖场,近日通过中新双方的联合验收。它是我国第一个现代化牧草种子繁殖基地。我国南方有10亿亩天然草场。但草质低劣,丞需引进优质牧草进行人工改良。从1983年起,中新双方贵州南部的独山县经过五年的技术合作,引种了自三叶、红三叶、多年生黑麦草等60个优质牧草品种,并经过     

优良牧草引种试验

漳县草场面积广阔,牧草资源丰富.据初步调查,种子植物110科2 000余种,具有发展草畜业的优越条件.但长期以来,由于滥垦荒地,毁草种粮和超载滥牧,草场严重退化,牧草品质变劣,生产力下降.为了充分挖掘草场资源,有效地改良退化草场,结合漳县牧区开发示范工程建设项目的实施,从2001年开始进行牧草引种试验,观察参试牧草的生长发育状况,测定其生产能力,筛选出适合漳县各类地区种植和改良草场的优良牧草,为退耕还草以及建立人工草地,改良天然草场提供科学依据.     

牧草种子基地建设基本经验和措施初探

牧草种子基地建设是我国重大生态建设的基础性建设项目。该项目的建立,对满足生态建设和退耕还草、退牧还草的种子需要具有重要意义。通过4年多的建设和实践证明:牧草种子基地建设一定要建立在有可靠、准确、翔实的基础资料和科学、合理的设计之上。按照建设方案和遵守规章制度是项目建设的基本要求,科学的管理和经营是基地长期存在的必要条件。要根据目前种子市场,正确处理和调整好牧草种子与牧草及草产品之间的关系,采用先进的管理措施,多方位、多思路求发展,才能提高牧草种子基地的经济效益,逐步促使牧草种子基地规范化、标准化。     

牧草种子发芽率的分析

牧草种子发芽率的分析张连义（内蒙古牧草种子检验站呼和浩特市）前言牧草种子的好坏是关系到天然草场，人工、半人工草场建成和使用的关键。具有高发芽率品质优良的牧草种子，不但可节省大量的人力、物力和财力，而且也关系到整个草原的生态环境。如果播种后，牧草种子不...     

都兰县草产业优劣势、机遇及发展对策

分析了都兰县草产业发展的优势、劣势、机遇,提出要大力发展都兰县草产业,必须加强天然草地综合改良,科学合理利用草地资源,建立人工草地和牧草种子繁育基地,开发草产品;建立多元化的投入机制,培植草产业开发的龙头企业;进一步完善草地管理制度,全面巩固和完善草场承包责任制;建立信息网络体系,把信息网络纳入畜牧业基础设施建设范围内,建立健全草畜产品信息网络。     

都兰县草产业及发展对策

分析了都兰县草产业发展的优势、劣势、机遇,提出要大力发展都兰县草产业,必须加强天然草地综合改良,科学合理利用草地资源,建立人工草地和牧草种子繁育基地,开发草产品;建立多元化的投入机制,培植草产业开发的龙头企业;进一步完善草地管理制度,全面巩固和完善草场承包责任制;建立信息网络体系,把信息网络纳入畜牧业基础设施建设范围内,建立健全草畜产品信息网络。     

推进草产业化，促进畜牧业稳定发展

本文根据内蒙古的实际，阐述了发展草产业的重要性以及草产品国内国际市场需求分析，并指出了发展草产业的基本思路和具体措施。内蒙古草产业应遵循“二带一区”(天然草产品生产带、人工草产品生产带和牧草种子生产核心区)的基本框架进行实施，在牧区以天然草原为基础，在农区半农半牧区以人工种草为主，并围绕着牧草种子生产集中地区建立牧草种子生产平台，加快优良牧草种子繁育，以满足草产业发展的需要。     

内蒙古镶黄旗农业综合开发草场改良技术措施

草场改良是通过各种农艺措施，改变天然草群赖以生存的环境条件，必要时引入适宜当地生存的野生种或驯化种，以改变天然草群成分，增加优良牧草密度和盖度。介绍了内蒙古镶黄旗独具特色的草场改良建设模式，即建立灌丛化草场、围栏封育、松土补播、切根改良、施肥灌溉改良、浅耕轻耙改良措施。     

福州山地山羊分区轮牧的效果研究

在福建福州北峰进行山地人工草场的建设及山羊分区轮牧的研究。结果表明，人工种植牧草的供草周期为40～45do夏季有四种适口性好、产量最高的主栽牧草(杂交狼尾草、甘薯、印度豇豆和百喜草)，平均hm^2可利用草量113380．2kg，冬季黑麦草为59840．0kg。经过调节，每hm^2山地人工草场山羊的载畜量可以达到60～75只。本文还对人工草场建立和山羊分区轮牧对山地生态环境的保护作用进行了分析。     

The influence of the width of the saddle tree on the forces and the pressure distribution under the saddle

As there is no statistical evidence that saddle fit influences the load exerted on a horse's back, this study was performed to assess the hypothesis that the width of the tree significantly alters the pressure distribution on the back beneath the saddle. Nineteen sound horses were ridden at walk and trot on a treadmill with three saddles differing only in tree width. Kinetic data were recorded by a sensor mat. A minimum of 14 motion cycles were used in each trial. The saddles were classified into four groups depending on fit. For each horse, the saddle with the lowest overall force (LOF) was determined. Saddles were classified as "too-narrow" if they were one size (2 cm) narrower than the LOF saddle, and "too-wide" if they were one size (2 cm) wider than the LOF saddle. Saddles two sizes wider than LOF saddles were classified as "very-wide". In the group of narrow saddles, the pressure in the caudal third (walk 0.63 N/cm(2)+/-0.10; trot 1.08 N/cm(2)+/-0.26) was significantly higher compared to the LOF saddles (walk 0.50 N/cm(2)+/-0.09; trot 0.86 N/cm(2)+/-0.28). In the middle transversal third, the pressure of the wide saddles (walk 0.73 N/cm(2)+/-0.06; trot 1.52 N/cm(2)+/-0.19) and very-wide saddles (walk 0.77 N/cm(2)+/-0.06; trot 1.57 N/cm(2)+/-0.19) was significantly higher compared to LOF saddles (walk 0.65 N/cm(2)+/-0.10/ 0.63 N/cm(2)+/-0.11; trot 1.33 N/cm(2)+/-0.22/1.27 N/cm(2)+/-0.20). This study demonstrates that the load under poorly fitting saddles is distributed over a smaller area than under properly fitting saddles, leading to potentially harmful pressures peaks.     

Monitoring of the mare during the perinatal period at the clinic and in the stable

Complications in late gestation are challenging problems for the equine clinician and are causes of considerable distress to owners. Health problems in a pregnant mare in each stage of gestation can adversely affect the pregnancy. It is important to obtain a thorough history and perform a detailed and systematic examination of the pregnant mare so that the mare may be classified as normal or high-risk. However, even after a thorough examination, practitioners may face problems with the interpretation and assessment of risk. Normal mares should foal in the stable or pasture. Mares classified as having a high-risk pregnancy need to be monitored precisely for signs of oncoming foaling with attendance of trained personnel when labour begins. A valuable method for monitoring of the high-risk mare is assessing fetoplacental well-being. Fetoplacental well-being is most accurately assessed with ultrasonography as well as several available hormone profiles. We are proposing our scoring system of the mare's health, which may be useful in the assessment of risk during pregnancy and help clinicians to decide whether sending the mare to the clinic is reasonable or unnecessary.     

中国饲料工业协会第五届理事会顾问、会长、常务副会长、副会长、秘书长、副秘书长、常务理事、理事名单

顾问刘中一张德邻宋瑞祥聂振邦张子仪戎易王维四会长白美清国务院原副秘书长、第四届理事会会长常务副会长(8人,以姓氏笔划为序)刘永好新希望集团董事长、第四届理事会副会长刘汉元通威股份有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长陈丹广东恒兴集团股份有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长张延喜农业部原副部长、第四届理事会副会长吴明夏湖南正虹科技发展股份有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长陶一山唐人神集团股份有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长温鹏程广东温氏食品集团有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长谭竹洲原化学工业部副部长、第…     

鸡胆囊交感节后神经元的定位研究

为了找出支配鸡胆囊交感节后神经元的分布规律,选用体重1.5 kg～2.5 kg的成年母鸡6只,将CT-HRP溶液注入胆囊壁,动物存活3 d～4 d后,经左心室灌流固定,取内脏神经节、肾上腺神经节以及双侧胸、腰和荐段交感干神经节,制成50 μm的连续冰冻切片,TMB法呈色反应,置明视野显微镜下观片统计.结果发现,支配鸡胆囊的交感传出神经元胞体位于内脏神经节(占41.1%)、肾上腺神经节(占40.5%)和T2～T7交感干神经节(占18.4%),在交感干神经节中标记细胞的峰值位于T5、T6交感干神经节.所有的标记细胞以位于右侧的占优势.     

Harnessing the genetic toolbox for the benefit of the racing Thoroughbred

The understanding and application of genetics have grown extremely quickly since it has become possible to sequence the whole genome of an organism. The human genome sequence was completed in 2001 and that of the horse in 2007. The significance of this is that it makes it more feasible to explain how both genetically simple and complex traits are transmitted from one generation to the next and, therefore, to make informed breeding decisions, modify how horses are managed and trained to minimise the risk of disease and injury, and improve methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of many conditions. The science of genetics/genomics will continue to grow internationally, limited only by the funds available. The application of the science to man, horses and other species raises very complex moral and commercial issues. Thoroughbred breeders are perceived by some as resistant to change, but their apparent intransigence is often based on a genuine concern for the integrity of the breed. By taking control of the application of the advances in genetics, the Thoroughbred industry potentially has the opportunity to improve both the health and performance of Thoroughbreds. If, however, the science is applied in an uncoordinated manner, driven by commercial interests with no underlying concern for the horses themselves, there is a very real risk that breeders, the Thoroughbred breed and individual horses will all suffer as a consequence.     

商品猪胴体性能对分割销售后效益的影响

试验以深圳某集团销售外三元商品猪为研究对象,分析了商品猪不同胴体性能对分割销售效益的影响.结果表明,销售完成率与胴体背膘厚呈正相关,不同背膘厚的销售完成率差异极显著(P<0.01);销售完成率与胴体重呈正相关,不同胴体重的销售完成率差异显著(P<0.05);销售毛利率与胴体背膘厚呈正相关,不同背膘厚的销售毛利率差异极显...     

陕北白绒山羊繁育中心羊场绒山羊日粮的评价

试验选择陕北白绒山羊繁育中心羊场的成年健康母羊（怀孕前期）16只,育成母羊13只,育成公羊13只,空腹称重。测定每只羊1d的采食量,计算其摄入的营养成分含量,并与原苏联绒用山羊饲养标准比较,进行饲养水平评价。结果显示,与饲养标准比较,陕北白绒山羊繁育中心羊场的育成母羊代谢能高2．68MJ,粗蛋白低59．29g,钙低3．00g,磷低1．52g;育成公羊代谢能高3．47MJ,粗蛋白低81．92g,钙低4．42g,磷低2．62g;成年母羊代谢能高2．51MJ,粗蛋白低91．33g,钙低3．09g,磷低1．93g。结合羊的体况综合评价饲养水平基本合理,但尚需要按饲养标准增加粗蛋白、钙、磷等营养物质的供给量。     

Evidence for the non-involvement of the uterus in the lifespan of the corpus luteum in the cyclic dog

Progesterone levels in peripheral blood of dogs were analysed during the cycle in which hysterectomy (n = 5) or sham surgery (n = 3) was performed as well as during the cycle of dogs (n = 5) hysterectomized at least one year prior to this study; the data were compared with the findings in control dogs (n = 3). The averages of the duration of the luteal period observed in the three experimental groups were not significantly different from those of control dogs. Immediately after surgery, the progesterone level decreased from 25 to 50% of the presurgical level, but returned to presurgical level in about four days. Prolactin levels were elevated for about 30 h after surgery. Nevertheless, the averages of the mean prolactin levels for each animal during the luteal period of the experimental groups were not significantly different from those of control dogs. It is concluded that in the dog, the uterus is not involved in the lifespan of the cyclic corpus luteum.     

犊牛腹泻与肠道菌群的变化

本文检测腹泻犊牛的直肠内8种主要正常菌群的变化,并与健康犊牛进行对比。结果发现,犊牛腹泻时,大肠杆菌、双岐杆菌和乳杆菌变化较大,而其它菌群变化较小。腹泻或将腹泻时,大肠杆菌数增加,双岐杆菌和乳杆菌数下降。腹泻康复或即将康复时,大肠杆菌减少,双岐杆菌、乳杆菌数增加。