| 长江天鹅洲故道浮游植物群落结构及水质评价 |
| Phytoplankton Community Structure and Water Quality Assessment in the Tian-e-zhou Oxbow of the Yangtze River |
| 投稿时间：2015-06-09 修订日期：2016-10-08 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2016.05.002 |
| 中文关键词:天鹅洲故道 浮游植物 群落结构 水质 |
| 英文关键词:Tian-e-zhou Oxbow phytoplankton community structure water quality |
| 基金项目:湖北长江天鹅洲白鱀豚国家级自然保护区管理处委托项目“天鹅洲故道水生生物资源调查”；世界自然基金会项目“长江天鹅洲故道小型鱼类资源评估”（2985） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 基于浮游植物群落结构对水质的进行评价，为长江天鹅洲故道江豚保护提供科学依据，在故道上下游共布设10个采样点，于2011年4月（春季）、7月（夏季）、10月（秋季）、2012年1月（冬季）和2012年8月（夏季）各采样1次。结果表明，长江天鹅洲故道共发现浮游植物隶属于7 门、77 属、143种，蓝藻门(Cyanophyta) 14属、28种，占浮游植物总种类数的19.6%；硅藻门(Bacillariophyta) 14属、22种，占总种类数15.4%；绿藻门(Chlorophyta) 32属、64种，占总种类数44.8%；甲藻门(Pyrrophyta) 3属、4种，占总种类数2.8%；裸藻门( Euglenophyta) 3属、12种，占总种类数8.4%；隐藻门(Cryptophyta) 3属、4种，占总种类数2.8%；金藻门(Chrysophyta ) 8属、9种，占总种类数6.3%，喜好富营养型水体的蓝藻和绿藻占主要部分。天鹅洲故道浮游植物的年平均密度为5.6×107 cell/L，其中以蓝藻为主，占总密度的88.8%；其次为绿藻，占总密度的7.7%。浮游植物的年平均生物量为7.2 mg/L，其中以硅藻、蓝藻和绿藻为主要部分，分别占总生物量的61.5%、17.9%和12.8%。其中12种优势种中的富营养型指示种粘液胶鞘藻（Phorimiaium mucicola）、铜绿微囊藻（Microcystis aeruginosa）、细小平裂藻（Merismopedia tenuissima）和四角十字藻（Crucigenia quadrata）以群体形式存在。 现存量法、优势种群法以及多样性指数评价结果显示，天鹅洲故道水体属于富营养型，与Shannon-Weaver多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数评价水质为中污染水平的结果一致。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Tian-e-zhou Oxbow, located in Shishou City of Hubei Province, is an important natural reserve for the Yangtze finless porpoise. Water quality monitoring and management in Tian-e-zhou Oxbow will support conservation of finless propoises and other aquatic life. In April, July and October of 2011 and January and August of 2012, seasonal investigation of the phytoplankton community was carried out at ten sampling sites in the oxbow. The phytoplankton community structure was analyzed and water quality was evaluated based on the results. The study will provide basic data to support the conservation effort in Tian-e-zhou Oxbow. A total of 143 phytoplankton species were detected, belonging to 7 phyla and 77 species. Chlorophyta (32 genera, 64 species) and Cyanophyta (14 genera, 28 species), associated with nutrient rich water, dominated the phytoplankton community, accounting for 44.8% and 19.6% of the total species. Bacillariophyta (14 genera, 22 species), Euglenophyta (3 genera, 12 species), Chrysophyta (8 genera, 9 species), Cryptophyta (3 genera, 4species) and Pyrrophyta (3 genera, 4 species) accounted, respectively, for 15.4%, 8.4%, 6.3%, 2.8% and 2.8% of the total species. The average annual density of phytoplankton was 5.6×107 cells/L, with Cyanophyta accounting for 88.8% of the total density, followed by chlorophyta, accounting for 7.7%. The average annual value of phytoplankton biomass was 7.2 mg/L, dominated by Bacillariophyta (61.5%), Cyanophyta (17.9%) and Chlorophyta (12.8%). Twelve species dominated during the investigation. Among them, 11 species were identified as indicators of eutrophication, and Phormidium mucicola, Microcystis aeruginosa, Merismopedia minima and Crucigenia quadrata formed a group. Evaluated according to the biomass and species dominating the phytoplankton community, the water quality of Tian-e-zhou Oxbow is eutrophic, consistent with the Shannon-wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index. |
| 黄丹,李霄,望志方,熊晶,沈建忠.2016.长江天鹅洲故道浮游植物群落结构及水质评价[J].水生态学杂志,37(5):8-14. |
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