硫酸氘制剂对淡水浮游藻类生物量影响的研究

以多种淡水浮游绿藻的混合藻种为培养对象,在人工培养液中添加不同含量的硫酸氘(D2SO4)制剂进行培养,通过测定藻液光密度(OD)值研究了不同浓度D2SO4制剂对淡水浮游藻类生物量影响的效果。结果显示:(D2SO4)制剂在9~20℃温度条件下能促进淡水浮游藻类生物量的增加。在重氢OPAL723TM试验中,浓度0.2‰组藻类增加最多,其结果与对照有显著差异(P(0.05),与0.05‰组和0.001‰组差异不显著(P>0.05);在重氢511T试验中,浓度1‰组藻类增加最多,其他组随浓度降低藻类增加量相应减少。     

鼠尾藻围隔生态系中浮游生物的变化

于2008年4—6月在大连市沙岗子村的海参养殖场进行围隔试验,试验设投放高、低密度的鼠尾藻组和不放藻的对照组。结果表明,围隔中共有藻类8门57属76种,优势种为短楔形藻、新月菱形藻和绿枝藻。其中浮游植物密度以对照组为最多,高、低密度鼠尾藻组的差异不大;浮游动物有6大类34种(属),优势种为中华哲水蚤、瘦尾胸刺水蚤等桡足类及桡足类无节幼体,浮游动物密度亦是以对照组为最多,高、低密度鼠尾藻组的数量差异不大。试验期内,低密度组的藻体长度从22.2 cm生长至39.6 cm,平均增幅为78.3%;高密度组的藻体长度从22.2 cm生长至33.9 cm,平均增幅为52.7%,低密度试验组鼠尾藻的生长要好于高密度组。     

舟山螺门海域浮游植物现状分析

根据2011年4月和9月舟山螺门附近海域浮游植物的现状调查数据,分析和研究了浮游植物的种类组成、数量分布、多样性.结果表明,浮游植物组成种类主要为硅藻和甲藻,其中硅藻占绝对优势,其种类组成百分比超过70％.4月平均丰度为601 cell/L,优势种为中肋骨条藻,丰度为409 cell/L.9月平均细胞丰度为5 440 cell/L,优势种为中肋骨条藻和琼氏圆筛藻,丰度分别为408 cell/L和117 cell/L,.浮游植物水平分布上呈现距离陆地较远的站位高于距离陆地较近的站位.多样性指数、均匀度指数、丰度指数和优势度指数综合分析结果表明9月群落较为复杂和稳定.     

山东白云湖中华鳖养殖池塘浮游植物调查

2012年7月和10月分别对白云湖中华鳖养殖池塘的浮游植物群落结构进行了调查.结果表明：7月采集到浮游植物5门23种,10月采集到5门36种,种类组成上均以绿藻门种类最多,其次是蓝藻门或者硅藻门；7月池塘浮游植物优势种的优势度为0.02～0.32,优势种数共10种；10月份优势种的优势度为0.02～0.37,优势种数共13种；7月份池塘浮游植物平均密度为4.70×107 ind/m3,变化范围为（0.75～12.5）×10^7 ind/m3,10月平均密度为13.16×107 ind/m3,变化范围为（2.88～18.2）×10^7 ind/m3;7月份浮游植物生物量8.10～90.70 mg/L,平均为35.57 mg/L,10月份生物量为23.10～295.86 mg/L,平均为165.55 mg/L,浮游植物优势种的种类种群、密度和生物量都存在时间和空间上的差异.     

基于灰色关联的寒区湿地春夏季浮游植物数量与环境因子关系

根据夏季(2005年7月)和春季(2006年5月)对寒区湿地--安邦河湿地浮游植物数量及其环境因子的调查,为寒区湿地管理及以后研究提供依据和基础资料.共采到浮游植物8门92种,其中春季37种,夏季82种,数量变化呈现夏季高于春季,上游高于下游,边缘区高于核心区.环境因子除了透明度(diaphaneity,D)和pH值外,水温(water temperature,WT)、可溶性无机氮(dissolved inorganic nitrogen,DIN)、磷酸盐(PO 4-P,P)及溶解氧(dissolved oxygen,DO)都呈现明显时空规律性变化.差异度结果显示2季节P的差异度最大.灰色关联分析结果表明,P的关联度在2季节均是最大.由此表明对安邦河湿地浮游植物数量影响最大的是P,因此,控制外源性的P输入对于维持安邦河湿地生态系统的健康是非常重要的.     

鲢鱼对淡水浮游植物的抑制作用研究

为分析滤食性鲢鱼对浮游植物的控制作用,分别在室内(30L水箱)和室外(2m×2m×1.5m试验池)对鲢鱼的滤食作用进行了试验研究。结果表明,鲢鱼对蓝藻和桡足类浮游动物均具有一定的抑制作用;室内27～35g.m-3,室外50g.m-3的鲢鱼投放密度使蓝藻在浮游植物中所占比例明显下降;鲢鱼对浮游植物的摄食率随藻类密度增大而升高。投放鲢鱼是控制富营养化水体中蓝藻水华的有效措施之一。     

不同氮、磷比施肥对多混盐水池塘浮游植物群落定向演替的影响

研究了在中华绒螯蟹室外育苗土池中,不同N、P比施肥对土池多混盐水体的水化学和浮游植物群落演替、叶绿素a含量和初级生产力的影响,以及浮游动物对浮游植物的下行效应。结果表明,氮是多混盐水体浮游植物生长的主要限制因子。施肥后土池多混盐水体中共检出浮游生物44种,其中浮游植物平均生物量达188.76 mg/L,优势种为湛江等鞭金藻Isochrysis zhanjiangensis;叶绿素a含量为116.96μg/L,施肥后2~3 d叶绿素a含量达到高值,之后开始下降,6~7 d后恢复到原来水平;初级生产力为2.39~12.04 gO2/(m2.d),均值为5.11 g O2/(m2.d),呈低-高-低的变化趋势。     

渤海沿岸多盐水池塘限制性营养盐的研究

研究结果表明,渤海沿岸河口氯化物型的多盐水池塘普遍少氮多磷,氮、磷比(总氮/总磷)为3.785～6.733,表现不同程度的氮限制。施肥则使营养盐的限制性作用大为减弱,在施肥后期表现出不很明显的氮磷协同限制。探讨了施肥情况下多盐水水体营养盐限制作用的影响因素,认为施肥后浮游植物的种类组成、种群密度等都产生了变化,从而导致营养盐限制性作用的变化。     

Toward an environmental predictor of tuna recruitment

Bigeye tuna are of global economic importance and are the primary target species of Hawaii's most valuable commercial fishery. Due to their high commercial value, bigeye tuna are relatively well studied and routinely assessed. Larval and adult bigeye surveys have been conducted for many years and are supported by ongoing research on their physiology and life history. Yet, modeling stock dynamics and estimating future catch rates remain challenging. Here, we show that an appropriately lagged measure of phytoplankton size is a robust predictor of catch rates in Hawaii's bigeye tuna fishery with a forecast window of four years. We present a fishery‐independent tool with the potential to improve stock assessments, aid dynamic fisheries management, and allow Hawaii's commercial longline fishing industry to better plan for the future.     

Plankton indices explain interannual variability in Prince William Sound herring first year growth

This study examines the relationships between first year growth of juvenile Prince William Sound herring, temperature and their food. We present time series of herring first year growth, determined from scale measurements as a proxy for herring length, water temperature and indices of multiple trophic levels of plankton obtained from Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) sampling on the adjacent Gulf of Alaska shelf. We show that there was a significant correlation between herring growth and water temperature, when the three warmest years were excluded (the mean July and August temperatures were greater than 12.5°C in 1989, 2004 and 2005). There were also strong, significant relationships between the abundance of appropriately sized (for first‐feeding herring) planktonic prey groups and herring growth. First year herring growth was greater in years with higher abundances of diatoms, microzooplankton and small mesozooplankton but not related to variability in abundance of larger mesozooplankton (such as euphausiids and large copepods). Furthermore, the strong interannual relationship between diatoms and herring growth held true even in the warmest years where the relationship between temperature and growth broke down. We also found seasonal timing and abundance changes in the plankton in warm years that would make the prey more abundant during the summer months immediately after metamorphosis of the herring larvae. We thus conclude that young‐of‐the‐year herring may grow better in warm years because the timing of key prey is a better match for their first feeding.