不同品种受体对绵羊胚胎移植效果及羔羊早期生长性能的影响

旨在探讨以小尾寒羊和蒙古羊作为受体时,二者的胚胎移植效果及所产羔羊的早期生长性能之间的差异。选用南非肉用美利奴羊(n=11)和澳洲白绵羊(n=110)作为供体,以小尾寒羊(n=196)和蒙古羊(n=504)作为受体;对供体母羊进行超数排卵以及人工授精处理,记录供体母羊的收集胚胎总数和可用胚胎数,计算平均每只羊收集的可用胚胎数以及胚胎合格率;对小尾寒羊和蒙古羊进行同期发情及胚胎移植处理,记录受体母羊的产羔数,计算繁殖率;计算并比较不同受体母羊所产羔羊的平均初生重、成活率以及70日龄断奶羔羊数、70日龄断奶重、平均日增重、平均每只母羊提供的断奶羔羊数。结果表明,从供体母羊中共获得可用胚胎549枚,平均每只羊收集可用胚胎4.54枚,胚胎合格率为82.56%;利用胚胎移植技术,移植受体母羊529只,所产羔羊240只,平均繁殖率为45.37%;小尾寒羊的发情率和繁殖率明显高于蒙古羊;共获得70日龄断奶羔羊211只,羔羊成活率为87.92%,平均日增重为280.00g;小尾寒羊和蒙古羊所产的羔羊初生重没有显著差异(P>0.05),小尾寒羊所产羔羊的70日龄断奶重和平均日增重分别极显著(P<0.01)和显著(P<0.05)高于蒙古羊,而蒙古羊所产羔羊的成活率显著高于小尾寒羊(P<0.05);平均每只小尾寒羊母羊可提供的断奶羔羊数(0.42只)略高于蒙古羊(0.39只),小尾寒羊作为胚胎移植受体略具有优势。综合分析表明,在内蒙古兴安盟地区小尾寒羊和蒙古羊均可以作为胚胎移植的受体来使用。

Influence of Different Recipients on Embryo Transfer Effect and Lamb Early Growth Performance

The aim of the present study was to investigate the differences in embryo transfer effect and lamb early growth performance between small-tailed Han sheep and Mongolian sheep when they were used as the recipients. South African meat Merino sheep （n=11） and Australian white sheep （n=110） were used as donors, and small-tailed Han sheep （n=196） and Mongolian sheep （n=504） were used as recipients. The donors were subjected to superovulation and artificial insemination treatment, the total number of collected embryos and the number of available embryos was recorded, and the average number of available embryos per donor ewe and the qualified rate of embryos was calculated. The small-tailed Han sheep and Mongolian sheep were received simultaneous estrus and embryo transfer treatment, the number of lambs provided by the recipient ewes was recorded, and the reproduction rate was calculated. For the different varieties of recipient ewes, the average birth weight and survival rate of their lambs, the number and weight of their 70-day-old weaned lambs, the average daily gain of their lambs, and the average number of weaned lambs provided by each ewe were determined and compared, respectively. The results showed that a total of 549 available embryos were obtained from the donor ewes with an average of 4.54 embryos per sheep, and the embryo qualified rate was 82.56%. A total of 529 recipient ewes were qualified to receive embryo transfer treatment, and 240 lambs were obtained with an average reproduction rate of 45.37%. The small-tailed Han sheep had obviously higher estrus rate and reproduction rate compared to the Mongolian sheep. A total of 211 70-day-old weaned lambs were obtained, and the survival rate and average daily gain of the lambs was 87.92% and 280.00 g, respectively. There was no significant difference in birth weight of the lambs produced by small-tailed Han sheep and Mongolian sheep （P>0.05）. The weight of the 70-day-old weaned lambs and average daily gain of the lambs provided by small-tailed Han sheep were extremely significantly （P<0.01） and significantly （P<0.05） higher than that of Mongolian sheep, respectively. The survival rate of the lambs provided by Mongolian sheep was significantly higher than that of small-tailed Han sheep （P<0.05）. The average number of the weaned lambs （0.42） provided by per small-tailed Han sheep was slightly higher than that of Mongolian sheep （0.39）. Accordingly, small-tailed Han sheep had a slight advantage as embryo transfer recipient. The combined data suggest that both small-tailed Han sheep and Mongolian sheep can be used as recipients for embryo transfer in Hinggan League of Inner Mongolia.