中国与美国及新西兰牛奶兽药残留监测计划的比较

目的：比较中国与美国及新西兰牛奶兽药残留监测计划的差异和不足，为完善我国牛奶兽药残留监测计划提供参考。方法：收集2008-2011年中国、美国及新西兰的牛奶兽药残留监测计划的数据，比较各个国家实施监测计划的药物种类、样本量以及实施结果。结果：我国与美国及新西兰牛奶兽药残留监测计划相比，监测药物种类与美国及新西兰相近，但检测量少，难以覆盖所有牧场；2011年度的中国与美国及新西兰牛奶抗生素残留监测的检测结果为：中国的检出率高于美国和新西兰（P〈0．05），有统计学意义。建议在监测计划中扩大监测范围，增加检测量，使监测计划能覆盖更多地区和牧场。

Comparative Analysis of Chinese, U.S. and New Zealand Monitoring Programs for Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Milk

Objective: To find the differences and disadvantages of Chinese monitoring program for residues of veterinary drugs in milk compared to U.S. and New Zealand counterparts so as to provide references for perfecting Chinese monitoring program. Methods: Data from Chinese, U.S. and New Zealand monitoring programs for veterinary drug residues in milk from 2008 through 2011 were collected and compared in terms of drug types, the number of samples and monitoring results. Results: Similar drug types but smaller amounts of samples and incomplete coverage of all pastures were observed for Chinese monitoring program compared to U.S. and New Zealand counterparts. In 2010, results of monitoring of antibiotic residues in milk in China were statistically significantly higher than those in the U.S. and New Zealand (P＜0.05). Based on this analysis, we suggest that the range of Chinese monitoring program should be widened to more regions and pastures and the number of samples should be increased.