边界病研究进展

边界病(border disease,BD)是由边界病毒(BDV)引起绵羊和山羊的一种病毒性疾病,临床症状表现为母羊不孕、流产和死胎,以及羔羊体型异常,多毛,震颤,因此又称"多毛震颤病","茸毛症"。该病的主要传播途径是垂直传播,持续性感染的羔羊是该疾病在绵羊中传播的潜在主要传染源。山羊相对绵羊感染症状相对较轻,主要表现为流产。目前尚无公认有效的BD疫苗,做好生物安全防控,严格饲养管理,及时对疑似染病动物特别是持续性病毒血症绵羊的检测和淘汰是防治本病的重要措施。现对该病的流行现状、病原学、流行病学、鉴别诊断和预防控制等方面的研究进展进行综述,旨在为研究人员及养殖户加强对BD的认识,做好疾病的相关预防工作,减少经济损失提供参考。

The development of border disease

Border disease(BD)is a viral disease of sheep and goats.The clinical symptoms include infertility,abortion,and stillbirth in ewes,as well as abnormal body shape,hirsutism,and tremor of lambs,so it is also known as"hairy tremor"or"pilling disease".Vertical transmission is the main transmission route of the disease.Lambs with persistent infection are a potential transmission source of the disease in sheep.Compared with sheep,the symptoms of goat infection are relatively mild,mainly manifested as abortion.At present,there is no recognized effective vaccine against border disease virus(BDV),and biosafety procedures including strict breeding management,timely detection and elimination of suspected infected animals,especially sheep with persistent viremia,remain the major point for the prevention and treatment of this disease.This paper reviews the current prevalence situation,etiology,epidemiology,differential diagnosis,prevention and control of the BD,and it provides references for researchers and farmers to understand BD,to prevent the disease,and to reduce economic losses.