神经肽Y系统在硬骨鱼类摄食调控中的作用的研究进展

对硬骨鱼摄食调节机制的研究可以为鱼类养殖中优化饲料配方和养殖方式提供重要的科学指导。在众多参与摄食调节的内分泌因子中,神经肽Y(neuropeptide Y,NPY)家族多肽由于同时参与脑和胃肠道对食欲的调节,备受研究者关注。哺乳动物中存在3种类型的NPY家族多肽,其中NPY是脑中的促摄食因子,而肽YY(peptide YY,PYY)和胰多肽(pancreatic polypeptide,PP)是胃肠道中的抑摄食因子。这3种多肽与其共同的受体——NPY家族受体结合发挥其生理作用。NPY家族多肽和受体被共同称为NPY系统。硬骨鱼经历了第3次基因组复制,其NPY系统的组成更为复杂。目前对于硬骨鱼NPY系统在摄食调节中具体作用的研究还很不完善,尤其是对NPY家族受体的研究尚处于起步阶段。本文论述了硬骨鱼中NPY系统的组成、受体与配体的结合能力以及NPY家族多肽和受体在摄食调节中的作用,以期为该领域未来的研究提供参考。

Role of neuropeptide Y system on food intake in teleosts

Food intake is one of the most important index in aquaculture industry.Studies on the regulation of food intake in teleost fishes will help to provide scientific guidance for the optimization of feed formula and the improvement of breeding management in fish farming.In vertebrates,food intake is controlled by a highly complex process involving elaborate cooperation between the central and peripheral signals.Among these,neuropeptide Y (NPY) family peptides which take part in both the brain and peripheral regulation of food intake are crucial in this aspect.In mammals,there are three kinds of NPY family peptides,a key orexigenic factor in the brain,NPY,as well as the gut-derived anorexigenic factors peptide YY (PYY) and pancreatic polypeptide (PP).These peptides exert their biological functions via NPY family receptors.NPY family peptides and receptors are coordinately called NPY system.In teleosts,the NPY system is more complex owing to the third round of genome doubling in this lineage.However,the regulation of food intake by NPY system has not been well studied in teleosts,especially the NPY receptor subtypes involved in.This paper reviewed the recent progress of research on the composition of NPY system,their binding abilities,as well as the roles of NPY family peptides and receptors in food intake regulation in teleosts,and will contribute to the future studies.