微生态净水剂对凡纳滨对虾生理生化指标的影响

为了证实微生态净水剂(含菌量10×109/g)可以提高虾体免疫力和对污染物(如农药)的抵抗力,在凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannmei)养殖过程中,设置了施用微生态净水剂的实验组和未用微生态净水剂的对照组,采用肌肉注射的方式,对2组凡纳滨对虾进行乙酰甲胺磷毒性实验。注射乙酰甲胺磷后,采样测定血细胞吞噬化学发光情况,组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、溶菌酶(LSZ)、酯酶活性以及酯酶(EST)、苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)同工酶表型变化。结果表明:施用微生态净水剂组明显好于对照组。施用微生态净水剂的虾注射乙酰甲胺磷后死亡率降低,血细胞的吞噬功能也有所增加,虾体组织内SOD、POD、LSZ、酯酶活性变化较未用组的虾变化幅度较小,其中,SOD、POD活性等高于未用组,EST、MDH同工酶酶带数目也有增加。说明微生态净水剂从本质上增强虾体内代谢、提高虾体的免疫力、增强其对外界环境变化适应能力,并具有提高虾体防御功能,增强抵抗疾病能力的作用。

Effects on physiological and biochemical parameters in Litopenaeus vannamei after using microbial water purifying agents

Organic phosphorus is one of the main pollutants inshore because pesticides have been used widely.Microbial water purifying agents is made of live bacterial products that contain probiotic microorganism and were processed by special technology.The agents could not only improve the water quality,but also maintain the balance of intestinal bacterial group.The agents still could improve metabolism ability and immunity function in the bodies of shrimp.Thus the agents could play the part of preventing intestinal disease and promoting growth.In this experiment of farming white-leg shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei) there were two test groups:in one group the shrimps for treatment group(group A)was cultured in fresh water by using microbial water purifying agents,the other group shrimps for control group(group B) was cultured in the water without using the agents.In order to confirm that the microbial water purifying agents could improve immunity ability and resistant ability of the shrimp against pollutant(such as pesticide).The toxicity tests of the two test groups of shrimp by injecting acephate into the muscle of shrimp were carried out.After injecting with acephate shrimp hemocytes was sampled to measure the chmiluminescent response in the phygocytosis,and tissues were sampled to test the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),lysozyme(LSZ)and enzyme phenotypes change of esteruse isoenzyme(EST),malete dehydrogenase isoenzyme(MDH).The result showed that group A was obviously better than group B in physiological and biochemical parameters.The mortality of group A was lower than that of group B,and the ability of chemiluminescent response of hemocytes in the phygocytosis increased.The change range of activities of SOD,POD,LSZ and EST in shrimp tissues of group A were less than those of group B.Among four kinds of isoenzyme the activities of SOD and POD of group A were higher than those of group B.The band number of EST and MDH of group A was more than those of group B.The shrimps of group A and group B were all farmed from the same batch of shrimp seeding.In the two groups in different treatments,the sensitivity to acephate was different.The results indicated that the experiment could explain two groups had adverse resistance against pollution environment and resistance against disease.The shrimps of group A were farmed in the water where microbial water purifying agents was used in the pond,so that water quality was improved,and the shrimps were more healthy and could adapt itself to the change of water environment,strongly resisting nosogenetic factor.But in the pond of group B water quality was not better than those in pond of group A,thus the shrimps were weak,and the ability of resistance to disease was lower.The results indicate that microbial water purifying agents used in the shrimp pond can essentially strengthen the metabolism in shrimp bodies and increase the immune level and the resistance of the organism to exotic environment.Microbial water purifying agents can enhence the functions of increasing the ability of shrimp recovery and strengthening resistance against disease by directly improving water quality and indirectly improving physique.