董箐库区渔获物组成及多样性

为了解库区建设对鱼类生物多样性的影响,掌握董箐库区内渔业资源群落组成和物种多样性变化情况。2013年--2015年在董箐库区进行6次生物采样和走访调查,采集渔获物共668尾,隶属3目8科29属39种,鲤科鱼类最多,占总数的60.8%;群落以杂食性鱼类和喜静缓流生态类型鱼类为主,唇鲮(Semilabeo notabilis)、花鱼骨(Hemibarbus maculatus)、鲤鱼(Cyprinus carpio)、鲫鱼(Carassius auratus)、云南光唇鱼(Acrossocheilus yunnanensis)、光倒刺鲃(S.hollandi)、黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidracoi)为库区的优势种,对比历史资料发现库区鱼类群落结构已发生改变;董箐库区鱼类群落生物多样性采用Margalef 丰富度指数、Shannon-wiener多样性指数()、Pielou均匀度指数()、Wilhm改进指数()作为评价指标,各指标的平均值为3.811、0.914、2.649、2.529,分析数据发现鱼类生物多样性也有衰减。

Composition and Diversity of Fish Community in Dongqing Reservoir

In order to find out the impact of reservoir construction on fish biodiversity, and master the composition and species diversity of fishery resources in Dongqing reservoir, a series of investigation include six times of sampling and visiting survey was carried out during 2013 to 2015.The result showed that a total of 668 individuals covered 39 species were collected, which belongs to 29 genera,8 families,3 orders. Cyprinid fishes, the largest number of the collection , accounted for 60.8% of the total. The predominant species in the reservoir were Semilabeo notabilis, Hemibarbus maculatus, Cyprinus carpio ,Carassius auratus, Acrossocheilus yunnanensis, S.hollandi , Pelteobagrus fulvidracoi. On the whole region, the major fish community showed the characteristic of omnivorous. Comparing the historical data, it was found that the fish community structure has changed a lot. Up to 48.72% of the fish community prefer the torrent flow, and accounted for 51.28% of fish community like the type of slow flow. The Margalef richness index D_Ma, Shannon-wiener diversity index (H"), Pielou evenness index (J") and Wilhm improvement index (H") of fish community diversity were used as evaluation indexes in the study, the mean values of the indices were 3.811, 0.914, 2.649 and 2.529, respectively,which indicated the trend of the attenuation on fish biodiversity in Dongqing reservoir .