二倍体和三倍体皱纹盘鲍精子发生过程的超微结构

比较了二倍体和三倍体皱纹盘鲍精子发生过程中细胞和细胞器的超微结构变化。结果表明，二倍体皱纹盘鲍的精子发生经历了精原细胞、初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精子细胞和精子5个阶段。其形态结构发生了一系列变化，主要包括：核染色质浓缩、线粒体的发达与融合、顶体形成和胞质的减少。三倍体皱纹盘鲍各种生精细胞的直径和核径均大于二倍体，精原细胞结构与二倍体相似；初级、次级精母细胞的胞质中，除溶酶体外，线粒体、内质网等细胞器少于二倍体，线粒体大小与二倍体没有差别，但形态不典型，层状嵴不发达；三倍体皱纹盘鲍的精子发生停滞在精子细胞阶段，表现出各种畸形状态，很多趋于解体，没有发现成熟精子。

Ultrastructure of diploid and triploid abalones, Haliotis discus hannai during spermatogenesis

A comparative study of ultrastructural changes of cells and organellae was conducted on diploid and triploid abalones, Haliotis discus hannai, during their spermatogenesis. The results showed that spermatogenesis in diploid abalone could be divided into five stages: spermatogonium, primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocyte, spermatid and spermatozoon. A series of changes occurred in morphology and structure, including chromatin condensation, development and fusion of mitochondria, acrosome formation and cytoplasmic diminution. Compared with diploid abalones, the size of the cells and nucleus in the triploid abalone was significantly increased in all levels of spermatogenic cells. Similar spermatogonia structure was found between triploid and diploid abalones. Except for lysosomes, the number of mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and other organellae in the primary and secondary spermatocytes was decreased in triploid abalone. No significant difference was found in the size of mitochondria between diploid and triploid spermatocytes. However, the latter did not have a typical shape and lacked developed cristae. The spermatogenesis of triploid abalone was retarded at the spermatide stage. Various abnormal formations and collapsed cells were observed, and no sperm was detected.