线粒体DNA标记在头足纲动物分子系统学中的应用

动物线粒体DNA(mtDNA)基因组具有在细胞中大量存在、缺少重组、多为母系遗传、缺少内含子以及进化速率高等特点,广泛应用于比较和进化基因组、分子进化、种群遗传、物种鉴定和不同分类水平上的系统发生学研究。头足类作为软体动物门中的重要经济种类,其分类和系统进化研究历来是热点领域。本文主要对头足类动物mtDNA组成与特点(包括基因组成、重排等)、常用mtDNA标记对其不同分类阶元的适用性以及线粒体基因片段和全基因组在头足类系统演化中的作用进行了阐述,并对未来发展进行展望。

Application of mitochondrial DNA in phylogenetic analysis of Cephalopods

Owing to lacking of recombination, maternal inheritance, absence of introns and higher evolutionary rates, mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)are extensively used for population genetics, species identification and phylogenetic relationships at various taxonomic levels. In recent studies, phylogenetic analysis base on mtDNA sequence data has proved to enhance resolution and statistical confidence of inferred phylogenetic trees when compared with traditional taxonomic methods. Taxonomy and phylogeny of Cephalopoda, which is by far one the most important economical and diversity group of mollusks, has become the most intriguing field. Herein, we provided a brief introduction to the contents and the structures of mtDNA, and subsequently review the progress of mtDNA applied in cephalopod molecular systematic, especially the complete genome. Additionally, the research tendency of molecular systematics of cephalopods was discussed.