车用493型柴油机冷却问题初探——机体冷却水流动CFD模拟

车用493型柴油机在我国主要是轻卡的配套动力,量大面广。为了在提高升功率的同时满足国家排放要求,很多研究工作主要着重于强化结构件、改进气道及工作过程、提高供给系统的喷油压力等,在冷却方面着力不够。实际上冷却不均衡,热应力集中同样会造成机体变形,导致颗粒物排放上升。冷却效果的好坏又在很大程度上取决于冷却水套内冷却介质流动以及分布的情况。本文从冷却分析入手,利用CFD商用流体软件STAR-CD对车用493型柴油机的冷却系统中的机体内冷却水的流动进行了三维数值模拟,给出冷却水套内冷却介质的流动场,分析它对换热的影响。

Analyses on the Cooling System of 493 Diesel Engine-- A Simulation to the Cooling Flow in Cylinder Block

The 493 diesel engine is extensively employed in the light-truck.To increase the liter power and meet the standards of the pollution regulation,the studies for the cooling system have become more and more important.Many studies laid emphases on strengthening the configurations,improving the intakes and working process,but the cooling system has not been got enough attention.Actually the disequilibrium of the cooling and the focus of thermal stress could also make(distortions) of the cylinders and increase of the PM.The cooling effect lies on,to a great extent,the flowing and distribution of cooling water.In the paper,a three-dimension numerical simulation to the flow of cooling system with 493 diesel engine was employed by using the commercial CFD software STAR-CD,and the flow of cooling medium was provided.At the same time,the influence on the heat exchange was analized.