耕作方式对冬小麦内源激素含量及产量的影响

为探讨耕作方式对冬小麦不同生育时期内源激素含量及产量的影响,在大田条件下,设3种耕作方式(耕翻+镇压,旋耕+镇压和旋耕),在小麦各生育时期定期取样,用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)分离、测定小麦5种植物内源激素的含量,并测定各处理小麦的产量及其构成因素。结果表明,在小麦越冬至抽穗期,耕翻+镇压处理下小麦叶片及根的IAA、SA、GA3、ZT含量较高;在抽穗灌浆期,耕翻+镇压处理下小麦叶片及根的IAA、GA3、ZT含量最高,进入灌浆期,耕翻+镇压处理下小麦叶片及根的IAA、SA、GA3、ZT含量下降缓慢,且ABA含量较低。耕翻+镇压处理下的小麦产量较旋耕+镇压及旋耕处理分别提高了3.74%和9.41%,且与旋耕处理的差异达到极显著水平。因此,3种耕作方式处理下,耕翻+镇压有利于提高小麦促生长类激素含量,降低小麦促衰老类激素含量,增加小麦有效穗数,促进籽粒灌浆,提高小麦千粒重,有利于实现小麦的高产优质。

Effect of Tillage Methods on Endogenous Hormone Content and Yield of Winter Wheat

In order to explore the effects of tillage methods on endogenous hormone content during different growth periods and wheat yield,three treatments including ploughing up and pressing(HS),rotary tillage and pressing(RS) and rotary tillage(R),were used in field experiment. The content of indoleacetic acid(IAA),abscisic acid(ABA),gibberellic acid(GA3),zeatin(ZT),and salicylic acid(SA) during different periods were detected by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) method. The yield components of different treatments were also detected. The result showed that the content of IAA,SA,GA3 and ZT in wheat leaf and root from the over-wintering stage to heading stage was high with the treatment of HS.The content of IAA,GA3 and ZT in wheat leaf and root was the highest from heading milking stages. During grain-filling period the content of IAA,SA,GA3 and ZT decreased slowly and ABA content was lower under HS treatment,compared with other groups. The yield of HS increased by 3.74%,9.41% than of RS and R,respectively. The difference between treatments HS and R was significant. Compared with the other two treatments,the HS treatment improved the content of growth hormone which could increase spikelets,promote grain filling,increase the grain weight as well as achieve the high yield and good quality of wheat.