灯盏花成分专用型种源评价与鉴定

收集和鉴定了云南省和贵州省共46份灯盏花种质资源,筛选出适合生产不同药品的成分专用型种源,为专用型品种选育提供参考。利用HPLC测定了灯盏花种源10种活性成分含量,相关分析阐明各成分含量间的相关性,聚类分析对种质资源进行分类。结果表明：16份灯盏花种源灯盏乙素（scutellarin, SE）含量在2.5%以上,是培育灯盏花素专用型品种的优良材料,其中4份种源同时含有高含量（>1.0%）的双咖啡酰奎宁酸酯（dicaffeoylquinic acids, diCQAs）,是培育灯盏细辛专用型品种的优良材料;同时,筛选出8份总黄酮（total flavonoids, TFs）含量高于3.5%的种源,适合选育总黄酮专用品种。相关性分析表明,SE含量与diCQAs和TFs含量均显著正相关,是灯盏花品质育种的标志性成分。聚类分析将灯盏花种源分为三大类,除1个种源的SE含量和diCQAs含量接近（第Ⅲ类）外,其他种源SE均占总活性成分的60%以上,其中第Ⅰ类为高TFs型种源,TFs占到总活性成分的80%以上,diCQAs占总成分的15%以下;第Ⅱ类为高diCQAs型种源,diCQAs占总成分的16.9%~28.9%,TFs占到总活性成分的80%以下。该结果表明灯盏花种源活性成分组成存在多种类型,为专用型品种选育提供了可能,灯盏乙素含量可以作为专用型种源筛选的首要指标。

Evaluation and Identification of Special Composition Germplasms in Erigeron breviscapus

Forty six Erigeron breviscapus germplasms were collected from Yunnan and Guizhou provinces, and the active constituents were determined for selecting special composition germplasms. Ten active constituents in the germplasms were determined by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography), the relationships among the contents of different active constituents were revealed by correlation analysis, and the germplasms were classified into different groups by cluster analysis according to the composition of active constituents. Sixteen germplasms with a content of scutellarin (SE) more than 2.5% were the ideal materials for breeding breviscapine-type cultivars, among them, four germplasms with a content of dicaffeoylquinic acids (diCQAs) more than 1% were suitable for breeding Dengzhanxixin-type cultivars. Furthermore, eight germplasms with total flavonoids (TFs) more than 3.5% were suitable for breeding flavone-type cultivars. The content of SE was positively correlated with the contents of diCQAs and TFs, indicating that SE was the selective marker for quality breeding in E. breviscapus. Most germplasms were included in two clades (I and II) by cluster analysis, except one germplasm, which containing equal contents of SE and diCQAs (III). The first clade (I), designed as high TFs-type germplasms, contained higher TFs relative content (more than 80%) and lower diCQAs relative content (less than 15%), while the second clade (II) were characterized by high relative contents of diCQAs (16.9%-28.9%) and lower TFs relative content (less than 80%).