冬小麦-夏玉米一体化垄作覆盖对作物产量与品质的影响

在冬小麦、夏玉米全生育期非灌溉雨养条件下，2005～2007年两年两点大田试验研究了垄作覆盖、垄作、平作覆盖及平作4种保护性耕作处理对冬小麦、夏玉米产量与品质的影响。结果表明：2006年垄作覆盖显著提高冬小麦、夏玉米产量；与对照平作相比，垄作覆盖冬小麦增产16.6%，夏玉米增产15.4%；平作覆盖与垄作覆盖处理明显提高了小麦子粒的淀粉含量，降低了冬小麦子粒的蛋白质含量，夏玉米子粒中含油量和淀粉含量提高9.03%和2.1%，对蛋白质含量影响不明显。秸秆覆盖或垄作覆盖处理下夏玉米子粒中15种氨基酸含量较对照较低，只有脯氨酸和蛋氨酸含量高于对照处理。因此，黄淮海冬小麦-夏玉米两熟旱农区在相对偏旱年型下，冬小麦种植仍采用平作或覆盖形式，不能采用周年一体化冬小麦-夏玉米垄作覆盖模式。

Influence on Yield and Quality on the Farmland Scale of Winter Wheat-summer Maize Double Cropping System

Under the condition of non-irrigation on rain-fed area in 2005 - 2007, four treatments including bed-planting with mulching, bed-planting, flat-planting with mulching, and flat-planting were carried out on farmland. The results showed that the yield of winter wheat-summer maize had significantly increased by bed-planting with mulching in 2006. Compared with the flat-planting, the winter wheat yield increase 16.6% by bed-planting with mulching, summer maize increase 15.4%. Interestingly, in comparison with flat-planting the content of starch and seed oil bed-plating and flat-plating with mulching were significantly improved by 2.1% and 9.03% from seeds of summer maize, but the content of protein was not influenced by the different treatments, and also the similar conclusions were observed in winter wheat. The kinds of amino acid and rates of maize seeds were varied from the treatments. Obviously, bed-planting or flat-planting with mulching decreased the content of 15 kinds of amino acid, and only increased those of PRO and MET. Therefore, whether the model of bed-planting with mulching is definitely to refused to take bed-planting with mulching model when there is remarkable lack of yearly rainfall.