辣椒遗传多样性的RAPD分析

利用RAPD标记对从国内外收集的灯笼椒、长椒、圆锥椒和簇生椒等1年生辣椒(CapsicumannuumL.)自交系和杂交组合的遗传多样性进行了研究.采用14个随机引物、22个参试材料共扩增出1258条带,其中多态条带比率(PPB)接近50%,表明供试辣椒之间的遗传基础较窄.D=0.69时,聚类分析将供试材料分为3类:灯笼椒,圆锥椒,第三类包括簇生椒(朝天椒)和长辣椒(牛角椒);D=0.75时,供试材料分成4类,将簇生椒和长辣椒区分开来;D=0.77时,进一步区分长椒的杂种一代和自交系.聚类分析结果表明,4个辣椒变种中,簇生椒与长椒亲缘关系较近,与圆锥椒次之,与灯笼椒最远.

RAPD analysis of genetic diversity in Capsicum annuum L.

With RAPD markers, the extent of genetic diversity of the seeds of Capsicum annuum were presented. The material included C.a.var.fascioculatunt Irish, C.a.var.longum Sendt, C.a.var.grossum Sendt, C.a.var.conides Irish and some first filial generations of C.a.var.longum Sendt which were collected from Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangxi provinces in China and from the Republic of Korea. A total of 1 258 DNA bands were observed with 14 random primers and about half of them were polymorphic. Average proportion of polymorphic loci was 50%, indicating that the genetic background was narrow within C.annuum. On the basis of the genetic distance, a phylogenetic tree was constructed by UPG MA. All of them were divided. The germplasm resources were divided into 3 subclasses when the value of D was 0.69. The first subclass was C.a.var.grossum Sendt, the second was C.a.var.conides Irish, and the third included C.a.var.fascioculatunt Irish and C.a.var.longum Sendt. The third subclass was further divided into C.a.var.fascioculatunt Irish and C.a.var.longum Sendt when the value of D was 0.75, indicating that among the subclasses of C.annuum L., C.a.var.fascioculatunt Irish related to C.a.var.longum Sendt genetically and then to C.a.var.conides Irish, and C.a.var.grossum Sendt shared larger difference with C.a.var.fascioculatunt Irish and C.a.var.longum Sendt.