长豇豆农艺性状对产量和品质的关联性研究

用相关及通径分析研究了构成长豇豆产量各性状间及其与蛋白质间的关系,结果表明,单株结荚数对产量的贡献最大。其它与产量密切相关的性状(侧蔓数、第一侧蔓节位、采收期),均以较大的间接效应,通过单株结荚数而作用于产量的。因此,单株结荚数是决定产量至关重要的性状。 试验还表明,长豇豆主蔓结荚重量占全株产量的70～90％。荚肉的重量是构成豆荚重量的主要组成部分,占荚重的80％以上。 蛋白质含量与豆荚长度是显著正相关,与单荚重呈极显著正相关。荚长对蛋白质有较大的直接效应,而单荚重是通过荚长的间接效应较大而作用于蛋白质的。因此,荚长是决定蛋白质含量高低的主要性状。且荚长的广义遗传力达93.6％,选择效果好。 因此,在长豇豆选育工作中,注意选择单株结荚数目多,荚肉厚、荚长度长的单株或株系,有利于提高对产量和蛋白质性状的选择效果,可能育成高产量高蛋白的新品种。

RESEARCH ON THE CORRELATION OF AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS WITH OUTPUT AND QUALITY OF THE YARDLONG BEAN

Experiments showed that the nuaber of pods borne by the individual yardtong bean plant was an important agronomic character determining its output,and the weight of the pods borne on the main vine of the yard long bean accounted for 70-90 per cent of the total output of the whole plant;the other 10-30 per cent coming from the lateral vines.Moreover,the weight of the pod flesh constituted over 80 per cent of the weight of the pod.Analyses showed that the length of the pod decide determined its protein content level.The longer the pod,the higher the protein level.That the heritability of the pod length in the broad sense came up to as 93.6 per cent showed that it was not easily influenced by environmental cinditions but easy to fix in progenies,easy to measure with the eye and favourable to seed selection.Therefore,when yardtong bean seeds are to be selected for breeding,atten-tion must be paid to select pods from individual plants or plant lines which are able to bear more and longer pods with thick flesh to provide seeds for propagating progenies,and so as to raise the output and protein content of the pod and to facilitate the breeding of new varieties with high yield and superior quality.