北京地区被检饲料及饲料原料黄曲霉毒素污染情况的调查

目的]了解目前北京市养殖场所用饲料原料和配合饲料受黄曲霉毒素的污染情况、检出频率和特点,为饲料生产和养殖企业提供数据参考.方法]抽样采集北京市21个养殖场187份饲料样,采用免疫亲和柱-光化学衍生-高效液相色谱法测定黄曲霉毒素(B1、B2、G1和G2)的含量.结果]玉米、麸皮、豆粕、DDGS、猪配合饲料和家禽配合饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1的检出率分别为50.0％、46.2％、33.3％、94.1％、67.1％和94.3％,平均含量分别为5.98、0.25、1.00、9.83、2.89和1.06 μg·kg-1,超标率分别为6.2％、0.0％、0.0％、5.9％、6.6％和0.0％.结论]各类饲料不同程度地受到黄曲霉毒素污染,其中AFB1污染程度较严重；部分配合饲料、玉米和DDGS的AFB1平均含量较高,超标率也较高.

Investigation on Contamination Situation of Aflatoxin in Detected Feeds and Feedstuffs in Beijing Area

【Objective】This study was conducted to analyze and evaluate the contamination situation of aflatoxin in feeds and feedstuffs in Beijing area. 【Method】 A total of 187 feed samples from 21 farms in Beijing were sampled to detect and quantify the content of aflatoxin (B1, B2, G1 and G2). An efficient HPLC with post-column photochemical derivatization method was developed, including immunoaffinity step for aflatoxin extraction from feeds and feedstuffs followed by liquid chromatography (LC) for quantification. 【Result】 Results showed that the detection rate of AFB1 in corn, bran, soybean meal, DDGS, swine and poultry complete feeds was 50.0%, 46.2%, 33.3%, 94.1%, 67.1% and 94.3%, the over standard rate was 6.2%, 0.0%, 0.0%, 5.9%, 6.6% and 0.0%, and the average content was 5.98, 0.25, 1.00, 9.83, 2.89 and 1.06 µg•kg-1, respectively. 【Conclusion】 These results indicated that the average content of aflatoxin in complete feeds, corn and DDGS were the highest. Aflatoxin contamination was widely found in both feeds and feedstuffs.