旱稻(Oryza sativa L.)转Ac基因后代的筛选与农艺性状变异分析

本研究采用抗生素筛选种子的方法对126份旱稻297的Ac转基因材料T2代种子做抗性筛选,经T3、T4、T5逐代筛选得到64份纯合材料和23份非纯合材料,共87个转化事件(94个株系)。分析了后代株系与产量相关的11个农艺性状变异特点,通过方差分析、相关性分析、主成份分析以及系统聚类分析,结果表明:1)转Ac基因株系间多数农艺性状围绕对照旱稻297均值发生了较大幅度的变异;2)各性状间存在复杂的相关性,尤其株高越高主茎穗总粒数相对较多,主茎结实率较大,千粒重相对较大,是可用作提高产量潜力的有利相关变异;3)11个农艺性状的大部分信息可以由前6个主成份解释,主成份1和主成份2累积贡献率近50%,显示转基因优良株系应选株高较高、主茎穗总粒数较多、主茎穗结实率较高、粒长宽比较大、而且单株有效穗数较少、粒宽和粒厚较小的变异类型;4)聚类分析表明,全部转Ac株系所有农艺性状的变异为6大类型,其中第四、第一两类型的变异更有利于提高产量潜力,并从中选出2个综合性状变异表现突出优良的转Ac株系。这一结果可为转基因水旱稻育种研究的种质创新理论与实践提供借鉴。

Progeny screening and variation of agronomic traits in Ac transgenic lines of upland rice(Oryza sativa L.)

Progeny screening and character mutation research are important circle and terminal purpose for transgenic technology.Mutant library with drought resistance could be obtained by transformation of Ac/Ds to upland rice HD297.Seeds were treated with antibiotic G418 for 126 Ac HD297 transgenic lines from T₂ to T₅ generationally and finally 64 homozygous lines and 23 heterozygous lines were obtained, totally 87 transgenic cases with 94 different lines.Variation characters of 11 agronomic traits related to rice yield were analyzed by ANOVA, correlation analysis, PCA and hierarchical cluster analysis.Results were as follows:1) Compared to wild type HD297, most agronomic traits of Ac lines had a wide variation.2) There were complex correlation among different traits especially synergistic effect between plant height, spikelets, seed set and 1 000-grain weight which was favorable covariation for rice yield improvement.3) 6 principle components revealed most information of 11 traits, and PC1 and PC2 covered 50% of the accumulative contribution rate.The data showed excellent lines should be selected from higher plants with more spikelets, larger seed set, larger seed length width ratio but fewer tillers, smaller seed width and seed thickness.4) Ac lines were divided into six types based on cluster analysis, Type 4 and Type 1 had better yield potential from which two particularly outstanding lines were selected.Above all, this study can provide theoretical and practical references of germplasm innovation for transgenic rice breeding.