基于文献计量的全球农用无人机研发应用比较

为全面掌握全球农用无人机的研发态势,对2000—2019年Web of Science数据库中的论文和Derwent数据库中的专利进行分析。结果显示:中国、美国、西班牙、德国、日本和印度是农用无人机研发的主要国家;无人机论文数量前五强机构均来自中国,专利数量前五强机构以美国的公司为主,但农用无人机及植保无人机专利数量前五强机构来自中国的最多;中国在植保无人机研究中占据主导地位,论文和专利数量占全球的比例分别为61%和78%;农用无人机重要论文的产出国为西班牙和美国,而重要专利的产出国为美国和中国;农用无人机研发关注作业系统、测控系统和方法原理等方面,其中植保无人机研发侧重于作业系统和部件;农用无人机在遥感监测、长势监测与估产、植物保护中有广泛应用,在畜禽监管、播种授粉、农业灌溉等方向也逐步得到推广。作业对象信息特征的提取和分析是农用无人机推广应用的关键,未来的研发既要关注终端的作业设备研究,还要深入开展作业对象表型的研究,开发出高敏感度的传感器,适应精准农业的要求。

Comparison of global R&D of agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle, based on bibliometrics

In order to comprehensively understand the R & D trend of global agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV), publications in the database of Web of Science and patents in Derwent from 2000 to 2019 were analyzed. China, USA, Spain, Germany, Japan and India are the major five countries on agricultural UAV R&D; TOP5 institutes for publishing UAV papers are all from China, and TOP5 institutes applying UAV patents are from USA. China has the most institutes for both papers and patents of agricultural UAV and plant protection UAV; China leads the R&D of plant protection UAV with 61% papers and 78% patents of the world; Spain and USA publish the best papers of agricultural UAV, while USA and China possess the highest quality patents; Agricultural UAV R&D focuses monitoring system and basic theory, while plant protection UAV R&D emphasizes the terminal work system; Agricultural UAV is widely used for remote sensing, monitoring, grow investigation, yield estimation and plant protection, and is extended to cattle monitoring, seeding, pollination and agriculture irrigation. Acquisition and analyse of the information of target is the key techniques for agricultural UAV. The R&D in the future should pay attention to terminal work devices and target phenotypes, and development of high sensitivity sensors and realization the precision agriculture.