向日葵茎秆切割阻力影响因素试验研究

针对向日葵收获机械在使用现有往复式切割器收割向日葵茎秆时存在适用性差及切割质量差等问题,在微机控制电子万能试验机上模拟直刃切刀配合的切割方式,对向日葵茎秆进行切割试验,研究刃口倾角、削切角度及斜切角度等参数改变对切割阻力和切割能量消耗的影响程度以及不同条件下向日葵茎秆的切割阻力变化规律。结果表明:1)切割速度一定,切刀刃口倾角为0°~20°时,切割阻力峰值及切割能量消耗随着刃口倾角的增大逐渐减小,滑切效果逐渐增强,当刃口倾角在20°时的切割能量消耗较其他角度小。2)切割速度一定,削切角为0°~45°时,切割阻力峰值与切割能量消耗先逐渐减小而后急剧上升,削切角为15°时,切刀对向日葵茎秆的切割阻力和切割能耗较小。3)切割速度一定,斜切角度为0°~60°时,切割阻力峰值和切割能耗先逐渐减小而后迅速增大,斜切角为30°时,其切割阻力和切割能耗最小。

Experimental study on the influencing factors of cutting resistance of sunflower stalk

To investigate the applicability of the general-purpose cutter and poor cutting quality of current sunflower harvesting machinery during sunflower stalks harvesting,the cutting method of the sunflower stalk is simulated by the match way of the straight blade cutter on the microcomputer control electronic universal testing machine.The degree of influence on the cutting resistance and cutting power consumption and the variation rule of cutting resistance of sunflower stalk under different conditions are studied by changing the angle of the cutting edge,cutting angle and chamfering angle.The results show that:1) When the cutting speed is constant and the angle of the cutting edge is 0°-20°,the cutting resistance peak and the power consumption decrease with the increase of the cutting edge angle,at the same time,the sliding effect is enhanced.When the bevel angle is about 20°,the cutting power consumption is smaller.2) When the cutting speed is constant,the cutting angle changes from 0° to 45°.The peak cutting force and the cutting power consumption are gradually reduced and then sharply increased.When the cutting angle is about 15°,the blade is applied with cutting resistance and cutting power consumption is smaller on sunflower stalks.3) When the cutting speed is constant,the chamfering angle is changed in the range of 0°-60°.The cutting resistance peak and the cutting power consumption are gradually reduced and then rapidly increasing.When the chamfering angle is about 30°,the cutting power consumption is smaller.This study can provide a theoretical basis for the design and improvement of sunflower cutting device.